虚拟解剖在新型冠状病毒肺炎法医病理学研究中的应用展望

传染病死者的尸体解剖对于公共卫生事件的管理具有重要意义。由于多种原因限制,新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情发生以来,对2019新型冠状病毒感染死者进行法医学尸体解剖的数量较少,使法医学在传染病防治中的作用未能及时发挥。虚拟解剖(virtual autopsy,virtopsy)对传染病死者尸体的检验具有独特的优势,积累虚拟解剖影像学资料对COVID-19的病理机制研究及临床诊治具有重要意义。本文介绍了COVID-19的病理学和影像学改变的对应关系以及虚拟解剖在传染病尸体检验中的应用,旨在为法医工作者在COVID-19疫情中开展虚拟解剖检验提供参考。     

网络游戏中虚拟财产的法律性质

网络游戏中的虚拟财产纠纷及其法律性质的确认成为社会各界关注的问题。健全的权利理论需要一个完善的市场规则来体现,物权法中的动态的占有理论可以对虚拟财产权进行调整。玩家对于虚拟财产的间接占有可以完全符合网络游戏中的市场需要,从而可以在现有法律体系中找到虚拟财产保护的依据。     

Analysis of Three Commonly Used Tibia Length Measurement Techniques

This study analyzes three tibia length measurement techniques on a sample of 107 tibiae. Two of the techniques meet published criteria by resting the tibia on its posterior surface with the longitudinal axis parallel to an osteometric board. The third technique does not adequately keep the longitudinal axis parallel to the board. Statistical analyses show low levels of interobserver error for all techniques and statistically significant differences between the third technique and the other two techniques. Results report a maximum difference of 6 mm between measurement techniques with the third technique having greater than 95% directional bias. A survey sent out to the American Academy of Forensic Sciences forensic anthropology community reported more than 50% of respondents having been taught the third technique when an osteometric board with a slot/hole is not available. The intermixing of the third technique with the other two has likely contributed to higher levels of interobserver error in tibia length measurements.     

Two-dimensional linear analysis of dynamic bare footprints: A comparison of measurement techniques

In forensic intelligence-gathering, footprints have been shown to be valued evidence found at crime scenes. Forensic podiatrists and footprint examiners use a variety of techniques for measuring footprints for comparison of the crime scene evidence with the exemplar footprints. This study examines three different techniques of obtaining two-dimensional linear measurement data of dynamic bare footprints. Dynamic bare footprints were gathered from 50 students from a podiatric medical school using the Identicator® Inkless Shoe Print Model LE 25P system. After obtaining 100 bilateral footprints from the participants, the quantitative measurement data were collected by using three different measurement techniques: (i) a manual technique using a ruler (direct technique); (ii) an Adobe® Photoshop® technique; and (iii) a GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) technique. The seven Reel linear measurement methodology was used for producing measurements using these three techniques.This study showed that all the mean bare footprint measurements on the right and left feet obtained using the direct technique were larger than those obtained using GIMP and Adobe® Photoshop® images. Differences were also observed in measurements produced using GIMP software and Photoshop images. However, the differences observed in the three techniques used for bare footprint measurements were not found to be statistically significant. The study concludes that there are no significant differences between the three measurement techniques when applied to two-dimensional bare footprints using the Reel method. It further concluded that any of these measurement techniques can be used when employing the Reel methodology for footprint analysis without significant difference.     

Estimating Biological Characteristics With Virtual Laser Data

Laser scanning technology is increasingly being used in forensic anthropological research to obtain virtual data for archival purposes and post hoc measurement collection. This research compared the measurement accuracy of two laser scanners—the FARO Focus^3D 330X and the FARO Freestyle^3D—against traditionally obtained (i.e., by hand) control data (N = 454). Skeletal data were collected to address a novel question: the ability of laser scanning technology to produce measurements useful for biological characteristic estimation, such as sex and stature. Results indicate that both devices produced measurements very similar to control (c. 3‐mm average absolute error), but also illuminate a tendency to under‐measure. Despite these findings, the virtual data produced sex and stature estimates that varied little from control‐produced estimates, signifying the usefulness of virtual data for preliminary biological identification when the skeletal elements are no longer available for physical analysis.     

在区域经济合作中加快广西旅游业的发展

当前广西正面临着区域经济一体化发展新的历史性机遇和优越的外部环境,要抓住机遇,充分利用这些有利条件加快广西旅游产业的发展,做大做强旅游产业,把广西建设成为特色鲜明、设施完善、服务一流、驰名中外的旅游先进省区,实现广西旅游业的跨越式发展。     

近期有关"虚拟"问题研究的进展

虚拟现实作为计算机科学的分支技术 ,是近几年在相关领域惹人注目的话题。文章就虚拟现实展开的争论问题进行综述。主要有何为“虚拟” ,虚拟与现实的关系 ,虚拟现实的主要特征和表现形式 ,以及如何在哲学层面上理解虚拟现实等热点问题     

论网络虚拟财产的物权属性及其基本规则

网络虚拟财产是指存在于与现实具有隔离性的网络空间中、能够用现有的度量标准度量其价值的数字化的新型财产。虽然网络虚拟财产具有不同于传统类型财产的特点,但它仍然是一种特殊的物,接受物权法对它的规制。在网络虚拟财产的权利分配上,亦应确定归属于特定的所有者占有、使用、收益和处分。作为一种新兴的财产,我国法律目前还没有对这种财产作出具体规定,为了建立和完善网络虚拟财产及其权利的保护,我国应当在《物权法》中规定网络虚拟财产为物权客体,具有物的属性,并制定相应的物权规则。     

网络犯罪之司法管辖辨析

网络空间的无国界使得网络犯罪的刑事司法管辖界限变得模糊,网络空间的不确定性使传统的刑事司法管辖的基础陷入困境。在确定网络犯罪的管辖权时应当对传统刑事管辖的理论进行发展和修正,确定合理有效的国内法管辖原则;同时加强国际司法协助也是解决网络犯罪刑事管辖问题的一个有效途径。     

From page to virtual stage: a socio-semiotic reading of stage directions

ABSTRACT

The interrelatedness of text and performance is a feature of semiotic approaches to drama. Because of their relation to performance and to social life, dramatic texts are among the most complex texts. A dramatic text creates an imaginary world which is “staged” in readers’ imaginations. Clarifying the playwright’s vision and facilitating transformation of the play from text to performance, stage directions are key components for the interaction with readers and spectators. Stage directions act as useful interventions which lead the readers to the world of the play and guide them to imagine the three-dimensional stage space. The receivers of the dramatic text complete their semiotization through adding their own interpretation to a virtual performance which they then place against any performance they see. This paper investigates how stage directions function as a focalizing element of the text which are important to the interpretive possibilities of a play. The paper probes how stage directions can be illuminated by the sensitive application of socio-semiotics to the encoding of motifs and stage imagery in dramatic texts as a meeting point of life, culture and imagination that generates meanings which are highly sensitive to receivers’ social and cultural backgrounds. Examples from stage directions as an integral part in the plays of Sam Shepard, an American writer, will be the focus of the analysis.