论国际淡水资源利用和保护法的发展

国际淡水资源利用和保护法的发展表明 ,司法判例和国际“软法”文件在国际环境法的发展中将起着重要的作用。目前 ,国际淡水资源利用和保护法中的许多习惯法规则的形成 ,也在很大程度上归功于相关的司法判例和国际“软法”。国际淡水资源利用和保护法的发展将使得国际环境法体系得到进一步健全和完善     

GIS环境下供水管网事故关阀分析的研究与实现

基于对供水管网事故关阀机制的分析,研究了GIS环境下供水管网数据的存储管理,在此基础上提出了事故关阀的优化方案和算法设计,并将该方法成功应用于实践。     

Debts and Threats: Managing Inability to Repay Credits in Illicit Drug Distribution

This study examines how creditors in illicit drug markets manage debtors’ inability to repay “fronted” drugs. Based on qualitative interviews with 40 incarcerated drug dealers in Norway, we explore four outcomes of unpaid drug debts. Two modes of governance dominated the credit reciprocation processes: Cooperative governance included strategies of accepting loss and refinancing debt and required mutual trust between creditor and debtor. Adversarial governance included extortion of debtors and revenge and was based on threats of violence. We found that creditors preferred refinancing debt or extorting debtors over accepting loss or using violence. We argue that the negotiated outcomes of drug debt have been neglected in research on drug markets, and explore how they require investment from the creditor, either in building trust or in deterring malfeasance through threats of violence. Using insights from economic sociology, the study highlights the importance of social control in illegal drug markets.     

Positive “Water Test”—An External Indicator of Base of Skull Hinge‐Ring Fracture

Abstract: Despite having significant internal injuries, victims of motor vehicle accidents may have surprisingly few external manifestations of trauma. The water test describes a technique whereby water placed in an upwardly facing ear results in drainage from the nose and opposite ear, thus demonstrating transcranial passage of water. This sign can be demonstrated in cases of blunt cranial trauma where there is a “hinge” fracture involving the petrous temporal bones bilaterally associated with a ring fracture extending around the foramen magnum posteriorly. Such a fracture results in separation of the posterior and middle cranial fossae providing a track for water to traverse. The water test provides a quick and noninvasive method for demonstrating the presence of a particular type of skull fracture.     

论“水权”概念在美国的界定

水权是我国学界研究的热点问题,但对其概念的内涵与外延却一直未有定论,这就需要我们回到“水权”概念的源头——美国,对其加以深入考察。根据美国学者和立法实践对于“水权”（waterright）的界定,水权是对流淌于天然通道的江河、湖泊、溪流、泉水、地下含水层等公共水体的权利,水权只是指水资源使用权或水使用权（包括水资源使用权和商品水使用权）,而不包括水资源所有权或水所有权。这是由美国所具有的法律文化、法律思维、法律理念、法律传统所决定的。     

Selling stolen goods on the online markets: an explorative study

Historically, criminologists studied theft from different perspectives, but only a few focused their attention on the reselling of stolen items. The advent of the Internet has boosted stolen good markets by facilitating interactions between vendors (thieves and receivers) and buyers. This study, based on 227 cases reported by news sites in 2015 and 2016, focuses on the markets and methods used to sell stolen goods online. The results suggest that the online selling methods are quite independent from existing offline methods. The findings innovate with respect to the typology provided by Sutton. The online markets for stolen goods are rather a new environment where perpetrators may choose among several methods of disposal. The results reflect a preference for resale through classified ads sites (44.24%), auction sale sites (28.11%) and social media (19.35%). In the light of this study, more research is needed to understand online stolen goods markets and their mechanisms.     

关于城市供水企业多种经营问题的讨论

论述了城市供水企业实施多种经营的必要性和发展形式 ,并对供水企业实施多种经营问题的积极作用和负面影响进行了讨论。指出在供水企业发展的初期要大力鼓励和发展多种经营 ,当供水企业经营状况比较完善后 ,要积极搞好主副业分离     

Crime and Residential Choice: A Neighborhood Level Analysis of the Impact of Crime on Housing Prices

Crime serves as an important catalyst for change in the socio-economic composition of communities. While such change occurs over a long period of time, crime is capitalized into local housing markets quickly and thus provides an early indicator of neighborhood transition. Using hedonic regression, we quantify this “intangible cost” of crime and extend the crime-housing price literature in several important ways. First, we disaggregate crime to the census tract level. Second, using longitudinal data, we examine changes in crime in addition to the neighborhood levels of crime. Third, we differentiate between the effects of property crime and violent crime. Fourth, we also disaggregate our sample into groups based on per capita income of the census tract. Finally, we show that it is vital to account for the measurement error that is endemic in reported crime statistics. We address this with an instrumental variable approach. Our results indicate that the average impacts of crime rates on house prices are misleading. We find that crime is capitalized at different rates for poor, middle class and wealthy neighborhoods and that violent crime imparts the greatest cost.

对签字笔墨水的分析回顾及展望

文章叙述了目前国内外签字笔墨水的发展及主要成分,并介绍了分析签字笔墨水的方法。通过化学法和TLC法可以确定签字笔墨水是水性还是中性;利用GC／MS法可以确定签字笔墨水中溶荆成分及其变化;利用拉曼光谱法可以鉴别墨水中染料或颜料成分;利用红外反射法可将29种墨水分为三类;利用扫描电镜法可以通过颜料形态的差别鉴别颜料基墨水。     

论山西农业学大寨运动中的几个问题

在"文革"前,山西的农业学大寨运动基本上是健康的;"文革"中的教训是极其深刻的.这一运动毕竟是一场在党的领导下以改变农业生产落后面貌为目的的农业生产运动,因而取得了一定的成就.