中国女童权益保护的现状与推进

女童是一个国家人口结构中重要的组成部分。国际社会在20世纪90年代以后逐渐加强了对女童权益的保护。中国女童的地位在新中国建立后得到了普遍提高。但由于经济与文化发展的不平衡性,中国女童生存与发展仍然存在许多严重问题亟待全社会的重视与解决。     

占有性质解读

从占有制度产生以来,对其法律性质的争论一直延续至今,该问题涉及法律对于占有加以保护的根据.我国学界目前通说认为占有是事实而非权利,但此说只能解释法律保护占有之方式的合理性,却难以诠释法律保护占有的内在依据.事实上,"事实说"中受到法律保护之"事实"的特征与"权利说"中所解释的"权利"指向的是同一目的--占有的保护.故而从该角度对占有性质解读,应更具涵摄力与合理性.占有出于法律形式理性需要应规定为法律事实,而在性质上应定位为法益.     

关注警察心理健康,维护警察合法权益

目前,我国公安民警心理健康状况堪忧,对其工作、生活造成了很大影响。应该正视公安民警心理现状及其危害,从科学定位警察的职业责任、改善执法环境、强化执法保障体系等方面关注警察心理健康,维护广大公安民警的合法权益。从而增强公安队伍的凝聚力和战斗力。     

俄罗斯现行刑法的人权保障--以宪法和国际法为依据的人权价值取向及其规范表现

俄罗斯现行刑法以俄罗斯联邦宪法和公认的国际法准则和规范为依据 ,确立了优先保护人权的刑法价值取向 ,并通过规定合法性原则 ,构建遏制、处罚侵害人的权利和自由行为的刑法制度和规范 ,给予犯罪人人道待遇 ,以及将反人类和平与安全国际犯罪纳入国内立法 ,实现刑法人权保障的基本价值取向     

艾滋病立法与国际人权保障

国际社会已经达成共识,认为有效地控制艾滋病与人权保障之间存在着密切关系,而法律则是实现防治艾滋病的一个重要手段。因此,现实和未来都要求各国通过以保障人权为核心的相关立法,充分保护艾滋病病人和艾滋病病毒感染者的各项基本权利,切实调动社会各方面的积极因素来战胜艾滋病,最终维护人类的共同利益,实现社会的可持续发展。对此,在国际人权法的框架下,结合艾滋病的流行特点,国际社会和许多国家近年来制订了不少准则和法律,以阻止艾滋病的进一步传播。     

高层住宅楼攀爬式入屋盗窃案件的对策

高层住宅楼入屋盗窃案件近年来逐年增多,特别是高层住宅楼攀爬式入屋盗窃案件显得尤为突出。高层住宅楼攀爬式入屋盗窃案件作案人作案手段、方式和特点都具有特殊性,应据此采取相应的侦查与防范对策。     

关于中小股东利益保护的三个方面

基于对每一股东个人权利的尊重和维护 ,加强对中小股东利益的保护尤显重要。本文拟从事前防范、事中救济、事后补偿三个方面展开对保护措施的探讨 ,这里涉及三个相关制度 :累积投票制、派生诉讼和股份收买请求权 (包括异议估价制     

Understanding parrot trafficking between illicit markets in Bolivia: an application of the CRAVED model

The CRAVED model has been used to understand theft variation in a whole host of hot products, including wildlife. Past research, however, has only applied the model at either the theft or illicit market stage to understand why particular products are stolen in high numbers. The CRAVED model has yet to be applied to the trafficking stage of hot products smuggled between illicit markets and, therefore, its applicability at this particular stage remains unknown. Using secondary data from the Los Pozos wildlife market in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, this study applies the CRAVED model to explain why parrot species are trafficked between illicit markets in Bolivia. This research finds that species that are more “available” and less “valuable” are more likely to be trafficked between illicit markets, suggesting that variation at the trafficking stage of the parrot trade can be explained by nearly the same CRAVED concepts as they do at the poaching stage. This study also finds that one-quarter of parrots in the Los Pozos market are trafficked to other cities, of which 99% are to the city of Cochabamba. These findings suggest that shutting down illicit markets and patrolling major roadways between cities can substantially reduce the illegal parrot trade.     

Narratives about privacy and forgetting in English law

This paper examines narratives about the right of privacy in the UK. It argues that until relatively recently the dominant narrative was one that associated privacy with celebrity claimants and media defendants. Other narratives, such as those concerned with digital privacy and data protection, did not feature as prominently. But changing technological and social contexts mean that these narratives are now understood to be of immense importance too. This paper explores these narratives against the backdrop of the European Commission's proposals for a ‘right to be forgotten’ (now relabelled a ‘right to erasure’), the subject-matter of this special issue, as well as the 2014 Google Spain judgment. The paper emphasises the importance of forgetting as an aspect of the right to privacy and argues that while the UK legislator and courts have been slow to give effect to erasure remedies, they must now start exploring the bounds of legal possibility in order to meet the challenges of the digital age.     

The future of privacy certification in Europe: an exploration of options under article 42 of the GDPR

The EU faces substantive legislative reform in data protection, specifically in the form of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). One of the new elements in the GDPR is its call to establish data protection certification mechanisms, data protection seals and marks to help enhance transparency and compliance with the Regulation and allow data subjects to quickly assess the level of data protection of relevant products and services. To this effect, it is necessary to review privacy and data protection seals afresh and determine how data protection certification mechanisms, seals or marks might work given the role they will be called to play, particularly in Europe, in facilitating data protection. This article reviews the current state of play of privacy seals, the EU policy and regulatory thrusts for privacy and data protection certification, and the GDPR provisions on certification of the processing of personal data. The GDPR leaves substantial room for various options on data protection certification, which might play out in various ways, some of which are explored in this article.