对个人保险代理制度的思考

一个发达的保险市场不可能没有保险代理人。由于保险代理人的特殊作用,注定了它的存在是不可以被取代的。但是由于我国保险代理市场发展环境不成熟,制度设计欠完善,使得我国的保险代理人市场近几年来不断暴露出各种问题。为此,笔者就保险代理人的地位和存在的问题以及如何加以改善谈几点粗浅的认识。     

存疑不起诉案件民事赔偿代理程序探析

某些存疑不起诉案件中,虽然定罪证据不足,但认定民事赔偿责任的证据是充足的。依据现有法律,公诉机关就案件的刑事部分作出不起诉决定后,必然导致刑事附带民事赔偿程序也随之终止,被害人及其家属向加害人提出民事赔偿的诉求也就不能得到公诉机关的支持而不得不转入自诉程序。这种诉讼结局既浪费了宝贵的司法资源（侦查机关已取得的认定民事赔偿责任的证据）,也加重了被害人及其家属的诉讼难度和经济负担,还会导致被害人与公诉机关之间的矛盾与冲突,造成缠访缠诉。因此。最为合理的作法是对此类案件应当由公诉机关代理被害人及其家属向法院提出民事赔偿程序。     

夫妻日常家务代理权探析

本文论棕了日常家务代理权的含义、性质、权限范围及法律后果等问题。     

“生前预嘱”概念体系梳理及立法选择

我国目前正处于生前预嘱概念推广阶段,尚未建立生前预嘱制度及预先医疗指示制度,因此需要我们在立法前做好充分的理论准备。首先要重视生前预嘱概念的准确性,"生前"的表述并不准确,应予重视概念所属制度体系的逻辑性、合理性。有些学者的理论表述并不严谨,将预先医疗指示与生前预嘱等同,其实这对概念是包含与被包含的关系,在对制度进行立法选择时要坚持正确的理论基础。我们还要重视制度内容上的一些特别问题,如孕产妇的生前预嘱效力问题,以及生前预嘱的灵活适用问题,为我国相关制度的立法选择提供帮助。     

Political transitions and commissions of inquiry: the politicisation of accountability in Ghana

Abstract

What role does a commission of inquiry (COI) play in delivering accountability? In theory, when the public delegates power to political leaders to formulate and implement policies, they seek political accountability in return. Using Ghana as a case study, this study examines how the operations of COIs may deliver accountability. Principal–agent theories of accountability and African conceptions of legitimacy are incomplete on their own and need to be integrated into an explanation of political accountability that takes into consideration political transitions and the role of COIs in delivering a minimalist form of accountability. This study argues that a COI is an instrument of regime legitimatisation. The demands by citizens for political accountability in Ghana correlate with political transitions. Accompanying each power alternation was a different model of political accountability. To understand the predominant applications of accountability, we emphasise the politicisation of accountability.     

On Agency Issues in Charity and Their Governance——In the Perspective of Corporate Foundation

There are multiple agency relationships based on the different rights and obligations in corporate foundation's charity activities. Because current legislation is not perfect, and the system supply is insufficiency, which causes the agent to damage the client's interest easily. In order to conquer this problem, it needs to perfect our legislation to improve the corporate foundation governance structure and increase its independence; mandatory information disclosure which urges corporate foundation becomes more open and transparent in charity; improving the internal and external monitoring mechanism, especially highlight the third party supervision; enhance the induced system supply which is used to motivate corporate foundation; improve the legal liability system and define the legal liability clearly of corporate foundation's internal controller.     

Diplomatic Interactions and Negotiations

This article examines the role of state actors, organization agencies, and individual agents in diplomatic interactions and negotiations. States as diplomatic actors, organizations as diplomatic agencies, and individuals as diplomatic agents enter into complex and interdependent relationships. Proposing a three‐level analysis of interstate interactions and diplomatic negotiations, I argue that no diplomatic negotiation happens without interactions between parties at the state, organizational, and individual levels. The agency–structure paradigm provides a conceptual framework for understanding behavioral and structural properties of international interactions and their influence on diplomatic negotiations. Diplomatic negotiation employs specific forms of interaction, using a distinct language, protocol norms, symbols, ceremonies, and rituals. The state's “self” (as a social conception of its identity, values, and interests) affects the process of diplomatic negotiation. By managing, organizing, and improving international interactions at the actor, agency, and agent levels, negotiating parties can advance the process and effectiveness of diplomatic negotiation.     

委托代理视角下的审计环境分析

现代独立审计是为减少所有者与经营者之间委托代理关系而产生的代理成本的一种重要外部治理机制,而其本身又存在着所有者与审计委托权代理人之间的委托代理关系。财务会计报告从生成到流向社会公众手中这一过程包括两个重要环节:第一个是财务会计报告的生成环节,此时财务会计报告的真实性取决于所有者与经营者之间的委托代理问题的解决;第二个是审计环节,在这一环节财务会计报告的真实性间接的取决于审计意见的真实性,后者又很大程度上取决于所有者与审计委托人之间的代理问题的解决。     

论死刑兴衰演进的动因——兼论我国死刑的保留与限制

死刑由兴到衰 ,经历了报复、威慑、等价、矫正、折衷时代 ,其根本动因在于经济的渐进性发展。适应当代国际社会死刑轻缓化的趋势 ,在中国建立科学的轻缓的死刑制度 ,对于健全社会主义刑事法律制度 ,具有十分重要的意义。     

超市自助寄存法律性质研究——基于合同法的视角

作为人工寄存方式的替代方式,超市自助寄存有其自身特点,其法律问题也有其特殊性。自助寄存柜的设置对于超市而言不是基于买卖合同的附随义务,而是与消费者之间的一种合同。进而言之,它属于保管合同而非借用合同。