Forensic applications of infrared imaging for the detection and recording of latent evidence

We report on a simple method to record infrared (IR) reflected images in a forensic science context. Light sources using ultraviolet light have been used previously in the detection of latent prints, but the use of infrared light has been subjected to less investigation. IR light sources were used to search for latent evidence and the images were captured by either video or using a digital camera with a CCD array sensitive to IR wavelength. Bloodstains invisible to the eye, inks, tire prints, gunshot residue, and charred document on dark background are selected as typical matters that may be identified during a forensic investigation. All the evidence types could be detected and identified using a range of photographic techniques. In this study, a one in eight times dilution of blood could be detected on 10 different samples of black cloth. When using 81 black writing inks, the observation rates were 95%, 88% and 42% for permanent markers, fountain pens and ball-point pens, respectively, on the three kinds of dark cloth. The black particles of gunshot residue scattering around the entrance hole under IR light were still observed at a distance of 60 cm from three different shooting ranges. A requirement of IR reflectivity is that there is a contrast between the latent evidence and the background. In the absence of this contrast no latent image will be detected, which is similar to all light sources. The use of a video camera allows the recording of images either at a scene or in the laboratory. This report highlights and demonstrates the robustness of IR to detect and record the presence of latent evidence.     

Validation of LAB color mode as a nondestructive method to differentiate black ballpoint pen inks

Nondestructive digital processing methods such as lab color mode (available in Adobe Photoshop) are emerging as alternative methods for forensic document examiners to use when attempting to differentiate writing instrument inks. Although these techniques appear to be viable, little data currently exists regarding the known or potential error rates associated with these techniques. Without adequate data, the validity and reliability of these techniques, including lab color, can not be established. In an attempt to begin to address these issues, 44 black ballpoint ink pens were obtained and used to create 990 pen-pair samples for analysis using established lab color mode techniques. No erroneous findings of "different" were reported following the examination of the known pen-pair combinations in which the same pen was used to create the samples (n = 44). Of the remaining 946 samples, 737 pen-pair samples were differentiated using the lab color mode method, while 209 samples were unable to be differentiated and were recorded as either being "similar" (n = 153) or "unsure" (n = 56). Comparison of the lab color mode results with the results obtained through additional testing using traditional infrared reflectance and infrared luminescence test methods showed that lab color differentiated 102 pen-pair samples (11%; 102/946) that were not differentiated using a VSC-4C.     

Writing the Rwandan Genocide: The Justice and Politics of Witnessing after the Event

This paper tries to read together three texts that refer to the Rwandan genocide and to draw attention to certain paradoxes that emerge from the way in which the texts might be said to talk to and past each other. The overall intention is to throw light on the complications in witnessing such an event, and to themes of justice and politics that arise.

Anna Kavan’s Ice and Alan Burns’ Europe After the Rain: Repetition with a Difference

Abstract

While Anna Kavan’s work has been largely ignored by critics, the responses of those who have noticed her have been dominated by two assertions. First, many of those wishing to assert her importance and power have seen her work as sui generis, the result of her isolation from the surrounding literary culture. Second, numerous feminist critics have seen her work as reproducing the worst effects of patriarchal domination. This article, through a reading of Kavan’s final novel, Ice (1967), challenges both of these assessments of Kavan. It suggests that, if we notice and try to account for the similarities between Ice and a novel published two years earlier, Alan Burns’ Europe After the Rain (1965), Kavan’s novel can be read as challenging patriarchal domination through a bold and innovative reworking of the reader’s ‘suspension of disbelief’.     

公安应用写作实训基地建设模式探索

公安应用写作实训基地是学生进行写作素质教育和技能实训重要的、必不可少的实践性教学基地,是学生创新实践、制作各种文书和参与警务活动的实践基地.建设写作实训基地要充分认识实训基地对学生发展的重要性,要有指导思想、建设理念.规划实训基地建设要整合资源和目标,基地模式应从师资队伍、硬件、软件、环境等方面建设,只有逐步完善教学手段,充实教学内容,实现可持续发展,才能构建具有公安特色的应用写作实训基地.     

Build a Cultural Bridge for International Exchanges through Dancing

正Dancing is one of the earliest forms of arts born in the long history of human beings.As a creative dancer,I personally hold that the greatest charm of dancing is that you could use your body language to the largest extent to truly express your thoughts,emotions and insights,so as to strive to achieve genuine communication that transcends languages and writing between the dancers and the audience.     

写文化之争--人类学中的后现代话语及研究转向

20世纪 6 0年代以来兴起的后现代主义掀起了一股质疑权威和结构的思潮。在人类学领域 ,后现代主义的批评精神得到极大的扩展和延伸 ,与人类学内部业已存在的理论趋势一拍即合 ,推动形成了 2 0世纪 80年代一场声势浩大的“写文化”大论争。探讨人类学在“写文化”论争后所能扮演的理论和实践角色。其理论基调都带有明显的后现代的阐释和质疑 ,对整体论的质疑甚至抛弃的影响更是致命的。这种怀疑和批评体现了后现代主义对宏大叙事的批判 ,是后殖民主义对西方文化霸权的批判在人类学领域中的一种呼应     

英语过程写作法与评估原则的结合

英语写作教学中,可以将写作评估原则与写作过程相结合,将传统的成果评价法转移分配到写作的各个步骤中,使学生在写作过程中参照这些评价原则,并针对写作目标在不同的环节里采取相应的方式,积极地适应要求,接近或实现写作目标。     

英汉写作对比——显性与隐性

英汉语因各自的社会历史、文化背景、心理特征、思维模式以及文字的独特性而呈现出巨大的差异。本文通过对这两种语言表达差异的分析,论述了英汉语的文化和写作中的词法、句法、语篇以及修辞手段的显性与隐性状态。