谈呈请拘留报告书的规范化制作

刑事拘留文书是公安机关常用的刑事法律文书,公安部对此有统一的规定和要求,但基层公安机关在实际操作中往往存在着一些问题,使刑事拘留文书的写作有失规范。为使刑事拘留文书更好地发挥其效用,应进行规范化制作。     

未订立书面劳动合同“双薪罚则”的法律适用

文章从立法目的、诚信原则、缔约过失三个方面论证了我国《劳动合同法》新创制的未订立书面劳动合同＂双薪罚则＂制度,并就审判实务中具体适用＂双薪罚则＂进行了研讨,以期对衡平用人单位和劳动者的利益,构建和谐、稳定、有序的劳动关系有所裨益。     

作证特免权的价值追问

作证特免权的内在价值和外在价值都是过程性价值,是目标性价值的体现.作证特免权的外在价值在于保障和促进证人证言所涉及的特定社会关系及特定利益,其内在价值则在于保障被告人和证人的权利,同时规范证人作证制度.作证特免权体现了刑事诉讼价值的的多元性和复杂性,在法律价值的层面上实现了价值的动态均衡.     

未签订书面劳动合同时劳动者二倍工资请求权的适用条件研究

我国《劳动合同法》第82条规定在未签订书面劳动合同时劳动者享有二倍工资请求权,其适用条件包括：双方已建立全日制劳动关系、双方未签订书面劳动合同、双方未签订书面劳动合同的时间在一个月以上不满一年。但是在实践中对该请求权的适用条件却存在诸多分歧。通过对相关实践经验和理论成果的比较,在即将制定的相关规范性文件中对相关争议问题作出明确规定,有助于解决司法实践中的不统一现象。     

证人记忆的影响因素及认知神经科学检测方法探新

影响证人记忆的因素众多,而证人的记忆准确性决定了其证言的可靠性,从心理学的角度对这些影响因素进行分析并找出应对方法,将证人的记忆提取效率提高到最大化,减少错误记忆的发生。讨论认知神经科学应用在探查证人记忆的可行性及现有理论支撑,该方式在证人记忆检测中将有极大的作用。     

Cultural associations,clothing and food as markers of cultural identity in testimonies of Cameroonian forced migrants in Johannesburg

Abstract

The article examines the construction of cultural identity and the expression of cultural exclusivity in the testimonies of Cameroonian forced migrants in the metropolitan city of Johannesburg. It also explores the way the social conditions of Cameroonians have forged a process of culture integration as a survival mechanism, subverting their impassioned attachment to cultural roots and claims of cultural exclusivity. Here, the article addresses three mediums for the formation of cultural identity, namely cultural associations, clothing and traditional cuisine and one main signifier of integration – intermarriage. It draws on the premise that because of the discrepant political ideologies of Cameroonians in Johannesburg, the construction of identity within this community of migrants has tended to fracture along cultural lines. It also draws on the theoretical underpinning that the upsurge in global migration has increased the chances of culture hybridization.     

Educating Jurors about Forensic Evidence: Using an Expert Witness and Judicial Instructions to Mitigate the Impact of Invalid Forensic Science Testimony

Invalid expert witness testimony that overstated the precision and accuracy of forensic science procedures has been highlighted as a common factor in many wrongful conviction cases. This study assessed the ability of an opposing expert witness and judicial instructions to mitigate the impact of invalid forensic science testimony. Participants (N = 155) acted as mock jurors in a sexual assault trial that contained both invalid forensic testimony regarding hair comparison evidence, and countering testimony from either a defense expert witness or judicial instructions. Results showed that the defense expert witness was successful in educating jurors regarding limitations in the initial expert's conclusions, leading to a greater number of not-guilty verdicts. The judicial instructions were shown to have no impact on verdict decisions. These findings suggest that providing opposing expert witnesses may be an effective safeguard against invalid forensic testimony in criminal trials.     

从规则主义到建构主义——以判文解释为视角

在司法实践中,我国一直坚持规则主义的法律解释观,这对于推进我国的法制建设和维护法制的权威起到了重要的作用。但是,无视实践中的判文解释,坚持规则主义的法律解释观也越来越暴露出其固有的一些缺陷,如过于注重法律的确定性和形式理性,而忽视实质理性和现实人权的保障等。而实践建构主义法律解释观更符合现实需要。建构主义解释不仅探寻法律价值所为何来以及人们在何种方式上达成共识,而且也将日常生活中混合了其他因素且不同向度的情感倾向容纳其中。     

对我国警察休假制度的若干思考

在严峻的社会治安环境面前,警察所面临的警务工作异常繁重、工作压力异常巨大,基层一线民警因长期超负荷工作导致体力、精力严重透支,普遍存在不同程度的职业倦怠。建立健全警察休假制度既体现了国家对作为劳动者的警察休息权的尊重和保障,也是公安机关依法治警、从严治警、从优待警的具体举措。因此,各级公安机关应当在科学合理、统筹兼顾的基础之上,在学习、借鉴国外先进制度的基础上尽快建立科学、合理的警察休假制度。