Electronic health record: Wiring Europe’s healthcare

The European Commission wants to boost the digital economy by enabling all Europeans to have access to online medical records anywhere in Europe by 2020. With the newly enacted Directive 2011/24/EU on patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare due for implementation by 2013, it is inevitable that a centralised European health record system will become a reality even before 2020. However, the concept of a centralised supranational central server raises concern about storing electronic medical records in a central location. The privacy threat posed by a supranational network is a key concern. Cross-border and Interoperable electronic health record systems make confidential data more easily and rapidly accessible to a wider audience and increase the risk that personal data concerning health could be accidentally exposed or easily distributed to unauthorised parties by enabling greater access to a compilation of the personal data concerning health, from different sources, and throughout a lifetime.     

入世议定书第15条对中美贸易影响研究

入世议定书第15条明确了中国作为非市场经济国家的最长年限为15年。目前,美国仍然制定国内法来确定市场经济国家的标准,导致中国企业在反倾销案中处于不利地位。应当在理解其签订的背景下正确对待,美国近期承认中国为市场经济国家的可能性较小,因而要据法力争以减弱因非市场经济地位引发的贸易摩擦和不利影响。     

Some Themes Arising from the Last Edition of Family Court Review

In the last edition of the FRC, there are a number of articles which highlight ever‐present themes in the many dispute resolution industries. These themes are: The cyclical nature of family law and DR reform to and fro “faster, cheaper, less formal and more accessible”; Access barriers for the poor and middle class; Access barriers due to geography, distance, and cultural differences; Blossoming of a range of “abbreviated” (short and inexpensive) DR services; The essential, yet neglected, task of systematic diagnosis of possible causes of conflict, and of a possible range of helpful interventions: DR practitioners should aim to “at least do no harm”; If a DR practitioner exhibits care, and core communication skills, how much do different processes matter? The Hawthorne effect—all pilot projects tend to succeed?; There is a constant flow of stories, systematic and statistical knowledge in DR industries. Who is listening and translating this flow of information between the various DR silos and to the public?

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• The repetitive and predictable cycles of family law reform.
• Access to DR services restricted by finances, geography and cultural differences.
• The old saying “at least do no harm” should find a prominent place in all family DR services and training.
• The Hawthorne effect—all pilot and new projects seem to “succeed” for awhile. What follows?
• In the many family DR silos, there are “truths” embodied in stories, systems and statistics. Who can translate helpfully from one silo to another?

     

药品专利权的功能异化与修正

高投入、高风险的制药业需要依赖药品专利权激励药品创新并促进药品获得。然而,TRIPs协定下高水平的药品专利保护体系使得药品专利权发生了一系列功能异化,具体表现为减缓药品创新速度、药品获得困难以及国际社会的财富分配不公。因此,有必要反思并重构现有的药品专利国际保护制度,借鉴并创新国际社会诸如公私合作伙伴关系模式与药物研发财税金融支持机制等已有的经验与实践,从而更好地兼顾药品创新与药品持续获得。     

基于Excel建立城市污水管网设计流量计算模型

在分析城市污水管网结构的基础上,运用递归计算方法,建立了设计流量计算模型。结合实例,采用Excel附带的编程语言VBA编写递归计算程序,验证了模型的可行性。     

刑事辩护准入制度探析

刑事辩护制度的改革已经成为我国刑事司法改革的当务之急。建立我国的刑事辩护准人制度·不仅是稳定辩护律师队伍、提高刑事辩护质量、全面实现刑事辩护社会价值的需要；还是实现司法公正，适应现代社会专业化发展的需要。刑事辩护制度的建立应该从死刑案件开始，分步骤、分阶段地设立刑事辩护的准入门槛，同时设置相应的监督、惩戒以及退出机制，为刑事辩护准人制度的实施营造良好的制度环境。     

PARENT EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN FAMILY COURTS: BALANCING AUTONOMY AND STATE INTERVENTION

This work considers how court‐connected parent education programs can assist parents to access dispute resolution processes that best suit their families’ needs, in a manner involving appropriately curtailed levels of state interference with parental autonomy. After reviewing traditionally accepted limits on state interference with family functioning, the increased concern for children's emotional well‐being, and data relating to one parent education program, the author concludes that providing mandatory “basic level” informational programs to all separating parents seeking access to the family law regime is a warranted level of state intervention. “Skills‐building” programs aimed at achieving demonstrably changed parental practices should be available on a voluntary attendance basis.     

CIT in context: the impact of mental health resource availability and district saturation on call dispositions

The goals of Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs include improving safety during encounters between police and persons with mental illnesses, diverting persons with mental illnesses away from the criminal justice system, and increasing referral and access to mental health services. CIT is a systemic intervention, and as such, its implementation and effectiveness are influenced by existing practices and infrastructures. However, little research has considered the context in which CIT programs are implemented. In this paper, we present research on CIT in four Chicago police districts that vary in terms of two contextual factors hypothesized to influence the impact of CIT training on how calls involving persons with mental illnesses are resolved. Using data from 112 patrol officers in four Chicago police districts, we consider the impact of mental health services availability and CIT saturation (the percentage of district personnel that are CIT certified). Findings indicate that CIT training increased direction to mental health services primarily in districts with greater availability of mental health services. In districts with low service availability, higher CIT saturation increased direction to mental services. The opposite pattern emerged for contact only or informal call resolution. No effects were found for arrest as a call outcome.     

参建海上丝绸路 打造海陆新门户——广西北部湾经济区参与共建21世纪海上丝绸之路探讨

本文分析广西北部湾经济区参与共建21世纪海上丝绸之路的优势及基础,提出广西北部湾经济区参与共建21世纪海上丝绸之路、加快与东盟合作发展的建议。