城镇化科学发展水平评价与对策——以西部省区为例

"十二五"时期,要加快推进城镇化的步伐,必须构建涵盖经济绩效、社会发展、生态环境、居民生活、基础设施、空间集约、统筹城乡七个方面指标的城镇化科学发展评价体系。通过综合评价西部12省、直辖市、自治区的城镇化质量差异,以期针对各自差距与不同类型采取积极有效的对策,推进西部各省、直辖市、自治区城镇化发展速度与质量的协调提升,推动城镇化科学发展。     

实验室信息管理系统在毒品检测实验室的应用

介绍了一种基于计算机数据库平台的实验室信息管理系统（Laboratory Information Management System,简称LIMS）为平台的毒品检测工作的质量保证体系,将毒品检测工作的一般流程和LIMS的基本功能结合,制作建立在LIMS体系架构下的每个流程的交互界面和监控程序.实现了毒品实验室的样品管理、样品状态监控、数据的录入和采集、样品分析、工作流程管理、报告的审核和发布等信息管理功能.通过在毒品检测实验室建立LIMS,充分辅助了实验室的质量管理工作,有效减少了管理工作量,使实验室工作更高效、准确和规范.     

贵州省少数民族自治地方人口素质研究

了解贵州少数民族自治地方人口素质的现状,分析形成的原因,提出解决问题的措施,促进贵州省少数民族自治地方人口素质的提高。     

民族贫困地区开发过程中的人口素质问题研究--以海南中部为例

民族贫困地区开发面临的最大约束是人口素质问题.人口素质提高对民族贫困地区经济增长、缓解贫困,使人口与经济、资源、环境相互协调,可持续发展,具有非常关键的作用.本文以海南中部为例,实证分析民族贫困地区存在着人力资本投资不足及教育资源和卫生资源的配置效率欠佳问题,指出应通过加大教育投资的制度创新力度等措施,从根本上解决问题.     

Caregiving and quality of life

ABSTRACT

The increase in life expectancy for adults with learning disabilities has extended the caring role for their parents. This study examined the experiences of older parents who provide long-term care for their adult children with learning disabilities and how they conceptualise their quality of life. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 27 older parent carers from four London boroughs and were analysed using framework technique. Findings indicate that most parents appraised their quality of life positively and reported benefits, despite the challenges they had to negotiate daily. The benefits from caregiving, more so in later life, were: a connected family from shared caregiving; a sense of belonging; purposeful living; a reciprocal relationship with their adult children; and personal transformations from providing care that improved their quality of life. The challenges that participants regularly encountered were: multiple losses (sleep, career, identity and friends); the added stress of the government’s Personalisation Agenda of caring services; struggles for access to services; searching for a diagnosis; worry about future care and fear of abuse when carers are unable to continue in their role; unhelpful attitudes of health and social care professionals; and a lack of empathy from friends as well as the public towards people with learning disabilities. Caregiving and quality of life are inextricably linked and the difficulties that parents experienced were mainly associated with socio-structural barriers, rather than their children’s disabilities. Importantly, the findings inform the practice of social workers and others who support this unique group of carers by providing new insights into how caring impacts on quality of life over time and how best these parents’ needs can be met. This study makes a specific contribution to understanding the lived realities of older carers and extends current conceptualisations of caregiving and quality of life among older people.     

新时代建设高素质专业化干部队伍简析

习近平总书记指出:坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的关键和基础是培育出更多更优秀的社会主义接班人,是我们在新时代工作的重心,也是促进党和国家发展的百年大计,更是实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键所在。如何选拔使用优秀干部,正确管理使用干部,不断提升干部素养始终是保持党长期执政能力建设和先进性纯洁性的关键,是决胜全面建成小康社会,实现中华民族伟大复兴奋斗目标和推进全面深化改革的组织保障。我们党在不同历史时期对干部管理创造了成功的经验。今天,我们党的历史方位发生深刻转变,执政环境发生深刻变化,在面对“四个考验”和“四个危险”的背景下,建设高素质、专业化干部队伍十分紧迫和极其重要。因此,新时代必须进一步提高干部政治素质、政德修养、专业能力,强化干部队伍。     

环保督察与空气质量改善:立足城市情境的效应异质性分析

作为生态环境保护领域的一项重大制度创新,中央环保督察已经成为党和政府推动生态文明建设的重要政策工具。然而,对于中央环保督察能否改善空气质量,尤其是其效果的可持续性,尚存在诸多争议。立足于匹配后的地级市数据评估中央环保督察对空气质量改善的平均效应,结果表明中央环保督察尽管在短期内显著改善了空气质量,其长期效应并不显著。然而,借助基于模型的递归分解法和随机森林法进一步发现:中央环保督察的长期效应存在显著的情境差异性:中央环保督察对于空气污染较重的城市具有长期改善效应,且东部城市尤为明显;一个城市的经济发展水平越高,中央环保督察效应越具有长效性;政府规模和财政自主性对中央环保督察效应起到截然相反的调节作用:前者的扩张会削弱长期效应,而后者的提升则会强化长期效应。揭示城市情境对督察效应的调节作用,有助于深化学界对中央环保督察长效性的条件认识,也为进一步完善该制度、提升其效能提供了重要的思路。     

高职财经专业实训教学立体化模式之构建

高职财经专业目前已经成为高职院校中招生规模最大的专业,为了更好地满足社会需求,财经专业课程改革已经提上日程。由于财经类专业工作过程没有十分清晰的操作步骤和固定的运营模式,比较难以标准化和模式化,所以财经专业改革的重点和难点问题之一即是实训教学改革,围绕高职财经专业人才培养目标的要求,实训教学应着力于建立科学、创新的立体化模式。模式基本框架包括:实训教学目标体系、教学内容、教学方法手段体系、必要的实训条件、完善的考核方式体系。     

The development and pilot testing of a family treatment court best practices assessment: The model standards implementation scale

In 2019, the family treatment court (FTC) best practice standards (the Standards) were published to clarify attributes of FTC programs associated with superior child, parent, and family outcomes. The Standards cover the breadth of FTC operations including program structure and leadership, substance use treatment and complementary services, and behavioral responses to participants. This study aimed to develop an instrument (the Model Standards Implementation Scale; “MSIS”) that stakeholders can use to assess implementation of the Standards by individual FTCs. The MSIS balances usability with scientific validity. Interrater reliability (IRR), internal consistency, and several types of validity were assessed. Results indicated moderate to strong IRR, high internal consistency, mixed known groups validity depending on Standard, and high convergent and divergent validity. Initial findings suggest good validity and usability of the MSIS for evaluating FTC Standards' implementation. Notably, the process of using the tool functioned to educate FTC team members on the Standards. Although implementation of the MSIS is a resource-intensive process, the opportunity to receive constructive feedback proved to be an effective incentive for initial and subsequent participation in the evaluation among FTCs. Future research is needed to examine predictive validity, including association between Standards' implementation and family outcomes in FTCs.     

Portuguese Democratisation 40 Years on: Its Meaning and Enduring Legacies

Abstract

On the fortieth anniversary of the Carnation Revolution, it is pertinent to ask how Portuguese citizens understand their transition to democracy. In this article, some of the main findings concerning the meanings and legacies of 25 April 1974 are presented, drawing on the findings of two surveys focusing on Portuguese attitudes towards 25 April and fielded in 2004 and 2014, respectively, to a representative sample of the Portuguese population. Here we focus on the degree to which the transition is viewed positively and its social and economic legacies. In the final sections, the main findings of the articles in this special issue are discussed through a presentation of the main questions they answer and the new ones they raise.