关于加强实践教学 提高教学质量的思考

目前,公安院校的实践教学存在着许多不尽如人意的地方,这些问题严重影响了公安院校实践化教学的进程,使公安院校的教学质量不能得到有效提高、致使公安教育不能适应公安实际需要。文章试就当前公安院校实践化教学中存在的问题以及这些问题存在的原因进行分析,并提出了一些具体的改进对策,以期解决公安院校实践教学问题。     

细胞式生产方式在日本的新发展

细胞式生产方式在日本经历了20世纪90年代的"普及推广阶段"之后,现在步入了"改进创新阶段"。细胞生产方式与流水线生产方式比较具有种种优势,但这种优势不会在应用中自然而然地发挥出来,企业必须依据自身要达到的具体目标,加以创造性地运用,在创造性运用的过程中使其不断完善、发展和提高。日本在推广细胞式生产方式方面的经验值得我国学习和借鉴。     

Homogeneous National Management Policies or Autonomous Choices by Administrative Units? Inter- and Intra-Country Management Tools Use Variations in European Central Government Administrations

ABSTRACT

This article presents an original research on the use of management tools in central government departments and agencies in 16 European countries. It is based on a survey conducted among senior managers (n?=?5,998). The analysis shows that the use of management tools results from a combination of top-down implementation of a list of management tools at the national level, combined with a bottom-up independent selection of tools by administrative units. The variation in management tool use depends on the type of tool. While the uses of a HRM tool, such as performance-related pay, or a financial tool, such as risk management, are heavily influenced by national public management policies, service quality-type tools, such as user surveys or quality management systems, tend to be chosen in a more autonomous manner by different administrative units, especially agencies.     

Coalition Quality and Multinational Dispute Outcomes1

Multinational military coalitions are an increasingly common phenomena in international conflict, presumably because coalitions are more likely to secure their conflict aims than single states. Yet what makes a coalition more or less likely to succeed is poorly understood. We argue that the quality of multinational military coalitions—in terms of the coalition’s skill, coordination, and legitimacy—can provide better strategic decisions, more harmonious relations within the coalition, and thus a greater chance of securing conflict aims. Empirical testing reveals that elements of coalition quality do in fact affect the probability of military success: a history of success, both alone and with the same coalition partners, predicts military success. Moreover, increasing a coalition’s legitimacy via more diverse members has a weak effect, indicating that diversity comes at the expense of coordination and cooperation challenges. Last, we find that elements of coalition quality affect initiating and defending coalitions differently.     

Failed expectations: Quality of government and support for populist parties in Europe

This article addresses an issue previously neglected in the research on support for populist parties: How do perceptions of the local quality of government (QoG) and local service delivery affect voters’ propensity to vote for a populist party? It argues that personal experience with poor QoG makes voters more likely to support populist parties. The argument highlights the interplay between supply and demand factors in explaining populist support and discusses why populist parties have been particularly successful in certain regions in Europe. A unique dataset from the Quality of Government Institute that surveys citizens’ perception of QoG in their area is used to estimate both individual‐ and regional‐level models of the link between perceived local QoG and populist support in Europe. The empirical results show a strong and robust association between within‐country variation in QoG and support for populist parties.     

Management Tools for Quality Performance Improvement in Italian Hospitals

ABSTRACT

Leadership plays a decisive role in improving the quality performance in healthcare organizations. Research examines how Italian hospitals generate conditions to support leadership, at both top management and department/unit level, in improving quality. It focuses on the role of the management in processes for the delegation of responsibilities, and tools implemented to facilitate clinical leadership. Data show that: mandate is linked to full accountability; top management supports leadership for reinforcing outputs; and evaluation processes are systematically implemented. Furthermore, data show that leaders require performance systems to enhance clinical professionalism and to commit to improving performance.     

试论国家精品课程建设的是与非

国家精品课程建设工程组织者用心良苦,动机可嘉。精品课程评审指标中反映时代精神和教学发展规律的内容,将会在全国高等学校教学质量建设中长期起指导作用。但是,国家精品课程建设中的理想化的资源共享迄无显效;精品课程申报和评审过程的荣誉异化和荣誉均等化两种不良倾向,应该成为认真记取的教训。     

“三师型”教师:高职教师素质“双师”化的发展与超越

高职生就业质量,已成为社会关注的问题,关系着高职院校的办学水平和生存质量。高职院校应从提高教师素质、调整课程结构、加强职业指导等方面采取措施、积极应对。教师素质的"双师"化向"三师"化发展,是应对的重要策略,是高职教育发展的必然要求。笔者从高职教育发展趋势和教师专业现状分析入手,论述了教师素质"三师"化的必要性,提出了培养"三师型"教师的途径与措施,旨在促进高职教育稳步发展。     

广东省外劳动力流入的动力机制分析与提高其素质的对策

九十年代以来 ,越来越大量的省外劳动力流入广东 ,究其根本原因是本省就业机会的不断增多及省际间收入差距的不断扩大 ,但内流劳动力因其素质低下已成为阻碍广东经济发展的“瓶颈”。因此 ,政府亟待制定出解决劳动力有序流动及提高流入劳动力素质问题的对策     

经济体制转轨与环境质量研究

为了改变低效率与缺乏激励,中国进行了一系列改革,尤其是市场经济体制的建立,对中国经济增长起到了巨大的作用,本文分析了市场机制对环境质量影响的三种方式,并采用面板数据进行了分析,结果证明市场化有利于环境质量的改善,且市场化和环境保护可以形成良性循环。