略论社会主义政治体制与和谐社会建设

对和谐社会的构建问题,应在现实的历史基础上作出具体的分析。社会主义市场经济的发展凸现了个人发展和个人权利要求,也使社会公平与正义成为大多数人认同的社会价值,于是,构建和谐社会就要在政治上达成个人权利和社会公平与正义的相对平衡。为此,应在民主制基础上建设集中行使国家权力的权威政府,完善社会主义政治体制。在现阶段,面对权力高度集中的事实,亟待解决的问题是加强社会主义民主制度建设,为构建和谐社会创设政治前提。     

A Domestic Violence Course For Medical Students: A Study on Its Effectiveness

International health institutions emphasize the necessity of including the topic of domestic violence which is accepted as a health problem worldwide, into the training of physicians. The fact that physicians should diagnose domestic violence victims who over the years were either neglected or overlooked is also mentioned. The present study aims to measure the effectiveness of the interactive domestic violence course given to Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine (DEUFM) Year V students, with tests implemented before and after the course. The same students were given the same test during Year VI (internship). The students’ average knowledge scores were found respectively as follows: pretest 78.66?±?10.54, second test 94.13?±?3.95 and third test 89.65?±?7.48. There was a statistically significant difference between tests’ average scores. It was observed that, after the course, 4 out of 19 students (21.1%) changed their answers from “no” to “yes” for the question “Have you ever been a victim of physical domestic violence?” A statistically significant difference was found between pre-course answers and the after course answers given to this question. This study showed that the course on domestic violence increased students’ knowledge level and awareness on this issue. Considering that average knowledge level will decrease over time and aiming to improve future physicians’ approach to domestic violence cases, addition of other interactive educational methods to Year V’s course program and proposal of an advanced training session to Year VI’s curriculum are being planned.     

影响我国国家安全的内部因素及对策探讨

国家安全包括内和外两个方面,是内部安全与外部安全的统一。影响及威胁、危害国家安全的因素也包括内部因素和外部因素两个方面。对于当前中国国家安全来说,“内忧甚于外患”,保障国家安全的重点不在外部而在内部。建设和谐社会和社会主义新农村是解决威胁我国国家安全之“内忧”的根本途径和手段。此外,还需要全方位认识和研究国家安全问题,确立能够统合内外两方面的系统安全观,制定包括内外两方面的真正的国家安全法和完整成文的国家安全战略,设立能够从对内、对外两个方面领导和管理国家安全事务的权威机构,构建能够包容内外两方面的国家安全理论和国家安全学科。     

村社认同如何影响政治信任? ——公民参与和个人传统性的作用

【问题】政治信任是支撑政治系统运行的重要心理基础,对推进政民良性互动、提升公众的政府支持具有重要意义。村、社区是公众的社会生活共同体和国家治理的基本单元,人们对村社的认同如何转化为对政治系统的信任以及此过程受到何种条件的影响,这将是本研究尝试探究的问题。【方法】论文基于95个行政村和城镇社区的5040份有效数据,将村社认同作为高层级变量,运用多水平结构方程模型和贝叶斯可信区间估计,对所提出的跨层级的“有调节的中介模型”进行检验。【发现】村社认同对个体的政治信任水平具有显著的正向预测作用,且公民参与在二者关系中具有部分中介作用。同时,个人传统性不仅在村社认同和公民参与关系中具有显著的负向影响,也能进一步调节村社认同与政治信任的间接关系。具体来看,在不同水平的个人传统性下,村社认同差异通过公民参与对政治信任影响的间接效应表现出来。【贡献】论文从政治心理学的视角出发,揭示了“村社认同→公民参与→政治信任”这一中介作用路径,并进一步分析了个体传统性变量对上述影响机制作用发挥的边界效应,为理解和分析本土情境下公众的政治信任发生机制提供了可鉴路径,对激发公民参与、提升政治信任和推动基层治理转型的治理实践具有启示。     

特朗普政府对朝核问题的危机管理及前景研判

2017年的朝核危机实质上是特朗普政府实施边缘政策而带来的一场危机,即,通过极限施压迫使朝鲜在战争和让步之间做出选择,以推动半岛无核化进程。然而,特朗普政府对朝核问题的危机管理因朝鲜的外交对冲、美国国内政治因素的制约以及国际合作的缺失使双方谈判陷入僵局,美国国内甚至出现是否会默认朝鲜有核的争论。若要真正推动朝鲜半岛无核化取得实质性进展,特朗普政府的现实方案仍是设定有限目标,并由联合国安理会制定可逆条款,约束美朝不信守承诺的行为,以国际社会的担保减少美朝互信缺失带来的消极影响,加快推进半岛无核化的和平进程。     

行政文化与行政发展管见

本文从行政文化的界定出发,认为当代行政文化研究是政治文化的一个特定的论域。现代行政发展需要开展行政文化研究,特别是要关注社会政治主体的实际展现。为此需要树立"以公民为本"的政治理念,以催动社会政治主体的成熟与行政管理现代化的发展。     

Advertising Spending by Incumbents and Challengers

Abstract

As candidates spend increasing amounts of money on television advertising, it becomes critically important to assess the degree to which this advertising produces results. In an examination of a particularly hard fought primary for a major state-wide office, this study compares the impact made by each candidate's television advertising on voter intentions during the campaign and the votes ultimately received at the end. Results suggest that over the course of the campaign, television advertising benefited the challenger more than the incumbent.     

The political budget cycle across varying degrees of democracy

The political budget cycle (PBC) is a well-known theory claiming that leaders manipulate the economy in proximity to elections to improve their chances of re-election. While the existence of the phenomenon in democracies has been thoroughly discussed, little attention has been given to the theoretical justification and empirical evidence of its existence in autocracies. In this article, I present a hypothesis of the magnitude of the PBC in both autocracies and democracies, claiming that as the democracy level increases, the incentive of leaders to manipulate the economy rises, but their ability to do so is more limited. Therefore, I expect the magnitude of the PBC to be the lowest in states that are strongly autocratic (due to a lack of incentives) and in states that are strongly democratic (due to a lack of ability). The effect should be the strongest in weakly autocratic or weakly democratic states. The empirical analysis presented in the article supports the hypothesis of a non-linear correlation between the PBC and levels of democracy.     

论高校思想政治理论课实践教学资源整合与创新——以四川警察学院为例

要提高高校思想政治理论课实践教学的实效性,就要对其资源进行整合与创新,并充分加以利用。本文以四川警察学院为例,说明通过实现实践教学人员的整合与创新、途径和方法的整合与创新、基地的整合与创新,尤其是以实践教学基地为基础,不断创新,整合实践教学基地资源,运用实践教学基地丰富的显性和隐性资源对学生进行教育,有力增强思想政治理论课实践教学的针对性和实效性。