非同位素标记DNA探针初步研究

本文报导了将辣根过氧化物酶直接标记在单链 DNA 探针上,制备出非同位素的 DNA 探针,采用化学光增强法检测杂交结果,所得图谱清晰,容易判读。所制备出的 DNA 探针可用于人类性别鉴定和个体识别,为 DNA 检验技术推广应用开辟了新的领域。     

论“微时代”网络技术的异化

马克思的异化观点揭示了资本主义私有制条件下劳动产品及劳动对劳动者奴役的现象,现代科技异化是对马克思异化观的引申和发展。现代网络通信技术的发展在给人们生活带来极大便利的同时,又在一定程度上超出了人的控制,甚至成为支配、统治人的异己力量。要消除网络技术的负效应,必须凸显科技的人文关怀,推动网络技术的可持续发展,实现科技与社会的良性互动。     

基于虚拟现实技术的现场勘查训练系统研究

现场勘查是侦查人员必须熟练掌握的基本专业知识和技能,具有很强的实战性和应用性。但是,目前通用的模拟现场勘查训练方法存在一定的局限性。研究开发基于虚拟现实技术的现场勘查训练系统,借助现代科学技术的最新成果,更新教学理念,创新教学方法,可以克服目前通用的模拟现场勘查训练方法的不足,为现场勘查教学和训练开创一条新的、有效的途径。     

提高测谎结论准确性探究

测谎作为案件侦查的一种重要辅助手段其准确性和稳定性一直备受争议。本文对测谎过程中的各种影响因素进行了分析,并介绍了针对这些影响因素提出的各种改进方法和操作技术。通过对测谎中各个环节的探究与分析,以期最大程度上保证测谎结果的有效与准确,在实际应用中更好的发挥作用。     

CT-VRT测量西南地区汉族人胸骨柄体和与身高的相关性

目的采用CT容积再现技术(CT volume rendering technique,CT-VRT)测量西南地区汉族人胸骨柄体和,建立其与身高的回归方程。方法 160例(男、女性各80例)西南地区汉族成年体检者通过CTVRT(重建层厚1 mm)分别测量胸骨柄长和体长,二者的代数和即为柄体和。同时测量受检者真实身高,分别建立男、女性柄体和与身高的回归方程。结果分别建立了男、女性胸骨柄体和(x3)与身高(y)之间关系的一元回归方程(男性:y=135.000+2.118 x3;女性:y=120.790+2.808 x3)。两方程均具有统计学意义(P0.05),且预测准确性均为100%。结论 CT-VRT能作为胸骨指标测量的有效方法。采用CT-VRT测量的胸骨柄体和能应用于西南地区汉族人身高推算。     

Standardization of Histological Procedures for the Detection of Toxic Substances by Immunohistochemistry in Dipteran Larvae of Forensic Importance

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique is an alternative toxicological analysis to detect drugs in insects of forensic importance, but it requires thorough histological procedures. In this study, we tested different fixatives—phosphate‐buffered paraformaldehyde 4% (PP), Carnoy's fluid (CF), Kahle's solution (KS), ethanol in different concentrations, and ethanol associated to PP and CF, time of fixation and histological processes for dipteran larvae's tissue, aiming to develop a sample preparation protocol for IHC application. A suitable fixation was achieved using PP for 12 and 24 h, CF for 3 h, 70% ethanol for 19 days, and 70% ethanol/CF for 2 h/3 h. Postfixation using negative pressure, two immersions in xylene for 30 min each, and one in xylene plus paraffin for 45 min increased tissue preservation. An immunohistochemical test for cocaine detection was performed using monoclonal benzoylecgonine antibody from mouse, peroxidase‐conjugated anti‐mouse IgG and visualized by 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine method showed these histological procedures didn't compromise antigenicity.     

Two cultural worlds in one family

The author discusses the problem of continuity and discontinuity over three generations of a Russian family while describing cultural change in everyday practice during a long historical period. The issue of cultural transmission is investigated because the couples' lineages belonged to conflicting cultural worlds representing two ideologically alien discourses during the Soviet times. While analyzing these two cultural worlds as systems and the conflict between them, the author seeks to answer the question on why both cultural models were rejected by the next generation. What was the character and mechanism of transmission in this case? What are the consequences of cultural conflict for the future of the family itself and for the wider social context in the future cultural discourse in Russia?     

Is Putin’s popularity real?

Vladimir Putin has managed to achieve strikingly high public approval ratings throughout his time as president and prime minister of Russia. But is his popularity real, or are respondents lying to pollsters? We conducted a series of list experiments in early 2015 to estimate support for Putin while allowing respondents to maintain ambiguity about whether they personally do so. Our estimates suggest support for Putin of approximately 80%, which is within 10 percentage points of that implied by direct questioning. We find little evidence that these estimates are positively biased due to the presence of floor effects. In contrast, our analysis of placebo experiments suggests that there may be a small negative bias due to artificial deflation. We conclude that Putin’s approval ratings largely reflect the attitudes of Russian citizens.     

国际法视野下的标准治理

全球化带来的世界转型,使国际体系呈现一体化和碎片化交织的复杂模式。而依循国际法进行的全球治理,则因其治理乏力而饱受争议。究其原因,公私治理主体间的矛盾、治理方式的僵硬,导致治理价值的受损。以标准作为全球治理的技术(以下简称"标准治理"),更好地折射出全球治理的优势和限度。一方面,多元多层级标准治理主体之间的合作和互动,增进了决策权的复制与移转,使治理方式更为灵活有序。另一方面,国家导向与市场导向权威之间的可能摩擦,恐使全球治理屈从于"排除知识落伍者"的单一治理模式。更为重要的是,标准治理激发了对国际法秩序,特别是国际法传统渊源的反思和重塑,对于如何更好地推动公私标准的融合、改善国际立法及其遵守,继而推动全球治理的可持续发展提供了新契机。