体验·尚武·"为人生"——论五四新文学理论建构中的日本中介因素

为人生作为中国现代精英知识分子对于五四新文学理论建构的主观性认知,与日本有着难以割舍的血缘联系。在日本体验的激活下,他们选择了弃医从文;在尚武精神的引领下,他们践行了轻文尚武;由此出现了从诗人到战士的作家身份转变和从艺术到人生的创作思想变迁。随着启蒙主义的激进介入,为人生严重背离了效法西方现代文学的原始初衷,却同时孕育了中国现代文学理论多源、多元(中国、日本、西方、俄苏)的母体形态。如果忽略了为人生内涵的丰富性,我们就会失去对中国现代文学基本性质的科学描述与整体把握。     

p33.4位点扩增片段长度多态性及其法医学应用的研究

以聚合酶链反应（PCR）、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳和银染法对中国100名无关个体小卫星区域p33．4位点的扩增片段长度多态性（Amp－FLPs）进行了研究，检出了8个等位基因。通过BIOTRAC系统进行数据处理．各等位基因重复单位的数目分别为7、10到15，其中在13～14之间发现一差值不足一个重复单位长度的罕见等位基因。片段长度分布于603～1115bP之间，基因频率分布于0.5～33．5％间，杂合度为64％，DP值为84．5％。对5个家庭25名相关个体进行分析，符合孟德尔遗传定律；对同一个体不同组织的DNA进行P33.4位点的分型研究表明，该技术适宜于法医物证检验。此外，本研究以Chelex处理不同检材制备DNA模板用于扩增，率先建立了比常规方法更快、更简便、更为实用的检验方法。     

亚太安全与中国

90年代以来 ,美、中、日、俄和东盟“四国五方”关系构成了亚太多极格局的大体框架 ,并对亚太地区安全环境的全局产生影响。中国必须在对外关系中趋利避害 ,谋求发展。冷战后 ,中国在亚太地区的国际环境和周边环境有了很大的改善 ,但同时仍存在着许多不确定和不利的因素 ,将对中国的安全构成直接或间接的不利影响。     

“五四”前后科学观念的呈现与想象

"五四"前后,科学观念传播从一开始起,就僭越了自身的本质规定性,由技术层的物质保障提升为一种结束皇权、批判专制、重建价值的政治、文化行为,并在传统与现实的不断整合以及政治斗争的激荡下,被塑造为强有力的意识形态系统.     

五四时期女性经济角色的变迁

五四时期,在新的历史文化情境下,中国女性的经济角色出现了现代转型,这主要从新的角色期待与新的角色扮演两个层面展开。在角色期待方面,先进时人围绕“经济独立”与“女性就业”展开深入的阐释。在角色扮演方面,五四时期女性就业出现了新面貌,贯穿其中的争取职业平等的斗争尤其值得称道。     

近年来五四运动研究综述

为庆祝五四运动90周年,从2008年开始学术界掀起了五四运动的研究热潮,取得了丰硕的研究成果。这些成果概括起来集中于以下四个方面：五四内涵与精神的诠释;五四人物、群体、社团、刊物及思想的深挖掘;五四意义与作用的解读;五四争论与反思的再探讨。从以上四个方面出发对1年多来的五四研究成果进行考察,作一综述。     

Local Renewable Energy Initiatives in Germany and Japan in a Changing National Policy Environment

Our article explores the contribution of local initiatives to the creation of path dependencies for energy transition in Germany and Japan in the face of resistance from entrenched incumbents at the national level. We use a process‐tracing methodology based partly on interviews with local participants. In particular, we explore the role of local initiatives in securing “socio‐political space” for the expansion of renewable energy (RE) and in embedding themselves in “ecosystems” of public and private institutions. German energy activists were more successful than their Japanese counterparts in expanding this space and creating positive feedback in part because they were able to build horizontal networks that anchored the energy transition firmly in local communities. Although problems with grid technology have led to retrenchment in both cases, Japanese activists' reliance on vertical networks has limited their ability to weather a backlash from national government and utility actors. Our study demonstrates the interaction of political, economic/technological, and legitimation paths to energy transition and highlights the importance of the latter two.     

Opposing Energy Transitions: Modeling the Contested Nature of Energy Transitions in the Electricity Sector

Energy transitions are fiercely contested. The incumbents of the fossil‐ and nuclear‐based energy systems have much to lose from a transition to a sustainable and decentralized energy system. They therefore employ their material and political resources to reverse, halt, or slow down this transition. They also attempt to stop and reverse the decentralization of energy production. This article provides a framework that can be used to analyze the contestation that surrounds energy transitions. The analytical framework breaks apart the macro paths of energy transitions, and differentiates between three meso‐paths (political, economic‐technological, and legitimation), emphasizes the feedback processes between these paths, and acknowledges the crucial role that actors play in engendering these feedback processes. It uses Germany as a case study to illustrate the analytical model. It also provides hypotheses that will be tested in the subsequent contributions to this special issue.     

Senior Executives' Political Connections and Corporate Environmental Behavior—Empirical Research From the Chinese A‐Share Market

This thesis analyzed the cross‐section data of 630 non‐financial listed enterprises and adopts a logit model to estimate the relationships between political relations and corporate environmental behavior. The paper also adopts an ordered logit method to estimate the marginal impact of political connections to enterprises’ disclosure of information on environment and sustainable development. Through analysis, this thesis found that political connections lower the probability for enterprises to disclose information on environment and sustainable development. With the Level III scoring method, this article classified the performances of disclosing corporate environmental information into three levels. It is found that corporate political connections increase the probability for enterprises not to disclose any environmental information and lower the probability for enterprises to refer to GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.