长角血蜱4D8基因的克隆与原核表达

根据GenBank上登录的蜱4D8基因序列设计引物,用PCR技术从长角血蜱雌蜱研磨组织cDNA中扩增出4D8基因,将其连入pGEM-T Easy载体,构建重组克隆载体pGEM-T-4D8,并对检测为阳性的克隆进行测序。将该基因重组至原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,经表达纯化后,进行Western-blot试验鉴定其生物学活性。结果,长角血蜱4D8基因的氨基酸序列与青海血蜱、肩突硬蜱的同源性分别为90%、81%。表达的重组蛋白是分子质量约为41ku的融合蛋白。Western-blot试验证明,该重组蛋白能很好地识别兔抗长角血蜱全蜱阳性血清。结果表明,4D8基因作为一种重要的分子标记基因在蜱的流行病学调查方面有着重要的价值,同时作为潜在的候选抗原基因在疫苗的研究方面也有重要意义。     

马鼻肺炎病毒双重PCR分型检测方法的建立

根据GenBank中登录的马鼻肺炎病毒1、4型(EHV1、EHV4)糖蛋白B(gB)基因特异保守序列(登录号分别为AY665713、AF030027.1),各设计1对引物,建立了同时分型检测EHV1、EHV4的双重PCR方法;确定其最佳工作条件,并对该方法进行了特异性和敏感性试验。结果显示,在EHV1、EHV4中分别扩增出265bp和537bp的特异性目的条带,而马流感病毒cDNA、马动脉炎病毒cDNA、马乙型脑炎病毒cDNA及马传染性贫血弱毒疫苗株cDNA均未扩增出任何条带。EHV1的DNA最低检出限为2.1pg,EHV4的最低检出限为15pg。表明本试验建立的方法具备很高的应用价值。     

艾灸三阴交和关元对女性海洛因依赖者月经不调及性激素水平的调整作用

［摘要］目的 观察艾灸三阴交、关元对女性海洛因依赖者月经不调和性激素水平的调整作用,并比较艾灸与艾油的临床疗效。方法 选择安徽省戒毒康复中心收治符合纳入标准的海洛因依赖者月经紊乱患者90例,随机分为艾灸组、艾油组和对照组,各30例。艾灸组用艾条灸双侧三阴交和关元穴,每穴每次15 min,隔日1次,1个月为1个疗程,连续3个疗程;艾油组用艾油涂抹双侧三阴交和关元穴,疗程同艾灸组;对照组不予任何干预。观察3组治疗前后中医症状积分变化和月经不调的临床疗效,并于治疗前后采用化学发光法检测3组患者血清雌二醇(estradiol, E2)、卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone, FSH)、促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH)、催乳素（prolactin, PRL）、孕酮（progesterone, P）水平。结果 艾灸组治疗后,患者中医症状积分较治疗前明显降低(P<0.01),亦明显低于艾油组(P<0.05)及对照组(P<0.01);艾油组与对照组治疗前后中医症状积分变化不明显(P>0.05);艾灸组月经不调的临床疗效总有效率达80.00%,高于对照组（16.67%）和艾油组（30.00%）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗后,艾灸组血清E2含量显著升高(P＜0.01),FSH和LH含量显著降低(P＜0.05),与艾油组和对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05,或P<0.01）;3组PRL和P水平治疗前后以及治疗后组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05)。结论 艾灸三阴交、关元对海洛因依赖患者月经不调及性激素紊乱具有较好的调整作用。     

Y-chromosome and autosomal STR diversity in four proximate settlements in Central Anatolia

Due to the longstanding human presence in the region and the influence of social traditions, the genetic make-up of populations currently inhabiting Turkey (Anatolia) is quite complex. To characterize the patterns of genetic diversity in rural Central Anatolian villages, we analyzed samples collected at four local settlements for variation at 17 Y-chromosome STR and 15 autosomal STR loci. The resulting data reveal considerable diversity within these settlements, as well as some structure in the paternal genetic variation, with a limited number of haplotypes being shared between the communities. These findings have important implications for forensic studies of Turkish populations.     

《食品安全法》第四章误读索解

《食品安全法》第四章《食品生产经营》是本法的核心,可谓字字紧系健康,句句关乎安全。然而它恰恰又是本法语言表述疑义最多、最容易误读的章节。本文选择本章有代表性的容易误读的条款,对误读的内容、原因以及解决方法进行详尽的分析,所作的探讨,可以对其他章节的认识举一反三。     

The 2D:4D Ratio as a Predictor of the Risk of Recidivism after Court‐mandated Intervention Program for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators

Differences in aggressive behavior could be partially explained by differential prenatal exposure to testosterone (T). A peripheral marker of prenatal T exposure is the 2D:4D ratio, which has shown a negative correlation with self‐reported aggression in violent men. This study tested the direct association of the 2D:4D ratio with anger expression and the risk of recidivism in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators after psychotherapeutic intervention program. The sample consisted of IPV perpetrators, whose 2D:4D ratio was measured before the intervention. Moreover, after the intervention, anger expression and risk of recidivism in IPV were assessed. Smaller 2D:4D ratio, especially of the right hand, was related to higher anger expression and risk of recidivism in IPV perpetrators. The contribution of this prenatal marker together with other psychobiological variables could play a key role in the propensity to react aggressively when coping with environmental demands.     

In silico toxicity as a tool for harm reduction: A study of new psychoactive amphetamines and cathinones in the context of criminal science

The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has raised many issues in the context of law enforcement and public drug policies. In this scenario, interdisciplinary studies are crucial to the decision-making process in the field of criminal science. Unfortunately, information about how NPS affect people's health is lacking even though knowledge about the toxic potential of these substances is essential: the more information about these drugs, the greater the possibility of avoiding damage within the scope of a harm reduction policy. Traditional analytical methods may be inaccessible in the field of forensic science because they are relatively expensive and time-consuming. In this sense, less costly and faster in silico methodologies can be useful strategies. In this work, we submitted computer-calculated toxicity values of various amphetamines and cathinones to an unsupervised multivariate analysis, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and to the supervised techniques Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy and Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (SIMCA and PLS-DA) to evaluate how these two NPS groups behave. We studied how theoretical and experimental values are correlated by PLS regression. Although experimental data was available for a small amount of molecules, correlation values reproduced literature values. The in silico method efficiently provided information about the drugs. On the basis of our findings, the technical information presented here can be used in decision-making regarding harm reduction policies and help to fulfill the objectives of criminal science.     

五四时期俄罗新文学翻译

五四时期,俄罗斯文学翻译出现了一个崭新的局面。翻译界、出版界与读书界对俄罗斯文学的热情高涨实有其因:人们从中发现旧俄专制的国情与中国传统社会颇为相似;中国启蒙先驱者从俄国十月革命的成功获得鼓舞,确认了由文学启蒙到思想革命对于社会改革的必要性与迫切性;俄罗斯文学深沉的人道主义精神最让中国人感动;俄罗斯文学犹如大草原一般宏阔、雄浑、苍凉、悲怆的整体风貌,优秀作家千姿百态的独特风格,对于中国人来说,也具有极大的审美吸引力。     

禽流感二价抗原油乳剂灭活疫苗的研制

以禽流感病毒(AIV)H5N4株、H7N3株为抗原研制了H5N4-H7N3二价油乳剂灭活疫苗,并对其物理性状、安全性、免疫效力、保存期及抗体消长规律进行了检测.结果表明,试验鸡疫苗在免疫后3周到9个月内对AIV-H5N4的攻击均获全部保护.疫苗4℃保存15个月,其免疫效力没有下降.     

五四社会思潮与马克思主义主流地位的确立

辛亥革命后建设民国的失败,第一次世界大战的残酷现实,尤其是巴黎和会带来的“公理”迷梦的破灭,导致中国社会对资本主义的普遍怀疑和失望;而中国工人阶级的成长壮大,新文化运动的勃兴,特别是十月革命的一声炮响,又给探索中的中国先进分子带来对社会主义的新的希望和寄托。马克思主义主流地位在五四时期的确立,正是中国先进知识分子追求真理的理性选择。从党的一大建立起马克思主义政党,到二大制定出指导中国改造的民主革命纲领,是马克思主义主流地位确立的重要标志。