浅谈公司的社会责任

公司的目的是营利,公司的组建是为了最大限度地追求经济效益.公司在营运过程中除了肩负着为股东谋求经济利益的任务外还要承担其相应的社会责任.公司社会责任一方面是法律责任;另一方面,公司社会责任本身的意义更应侧重于道德准则.     

论中国在北极治理中的国际责任及其践行路径

在全球气候变暖和北极冰融的影响下,北极治理逐渐成为国际社会关注的热点话题。中国作为地理上的"近北极国家"以及《联合国海洋法公约》等国际公约的缔约国,拥有参与北极治理的合法合理依据,承担着维护北极治理规范、推动北极资源绿色和可持续开发、保护北极自然生态环境等国际责任。在未来一段时期,中国在国内应该完善涉及北极事务的国内规制,推动北极科学考察的国际合作,协调国内科学家群体参与北极理事会工作组的科学评估工作,并着重构建中国北极国际责任话语体系。     

略论公司社会责任的刑事立法完善——以现行刑法罚金刑适用为视角

刑事法律是保证公司社会责任的最后配置,同行政责任、民事责任一道形成对抗公司违法乃至犯罪的天网。公司社会责任,在一定意义上需要通过公司刑事责任得以最终实现。因此,公司社会责任的强化意味着公司犯罪刑罚的加重。完善我国公司刑事立法的建议是：以责任一体化为目标,使公司刑事责任等同于自然人刑事责任;加重刑法对公司犯罪的刑罚;加重责任人员刑罚,加大罚金刑和自由刑并用。     

Better Government

The decline in future trend economic growth coupled with the ever increasing demands of an ageing population mean the public sector will need to deliver better for less. This will require a smarter bureaucracy using the latest behavioural advances and using wellbeing as a measure of success. Spending will need to be directed more to prevention rather than cure. Radical tax and benefit reform is needed to make work pay and offset the rise in inequality. Decision making could be improved by attracting more diverse, experienced people into politics by, for example, more use of open primaries, a level playing field for independent candidates and better training. Ministers could be set proper objectives and have constructive appraisals. A proposed Office of Taxpayer Responsibility could screen policies to avoid the worst ones, backed by no evidence, from being introduced as it is very hard to abolish bad policies.     

Framing and reframing R2P—a responsibility to protect humanity from evil

ABSTRACT

This article takes issue with de-politicised and moralistic conceptions of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and, inspired by the political theory of Hannah Arendt, develops a ‘re-politicised’ and ‘de-moralised’ account of R2P. It argues that by relying on a link between a moral responsibility to ‘save strangers’ and practical political action, R2P turns a blind eye to the political interest of powerful actors. And by trying to transform R2P into a ‘blueprint’, ‘roadmap’ or ‘emergency plan’ for political action, many commentators try to render obsolete political deliberation and practical judgement on a case-by-case basis. The present article argues that it is necessary to develop a more realistic view of R2P’s role and potential in world politics. R2P, it is argued, has an important discursive function and considerable potential to influence and guide international decision-making processes. Drawing on Arendt’s conception of ‘evil’ as a crime against humanity itself, this article reframes R2P as a ‘responsibility to protect humanity from evil’. An Arendtian understanding of mass atrocities as crimes against our common humanity (i.e. as evils) facilitates the development of a re-politicised and de-moralised account of R2P: This account recognises its discursive role, it actively seeks to generate political interest for action in the face of harrowing mass atrocities but also acts as a leash on intervention in less severe cases.

Abbreviation R2P: Responsibility to Protect; UN: United Nations; NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organisation; ICISS: International Committee on Intervention and State Sovereignty     

论侵犯外交特权与豁免行为的法律责任

外交特权与豁免是现代国际法的重要内容之一,但在实践中,侵犯外交特权与豁免的事件时有发生,这种行为不仅损害相关国家之间的国家关系,而且损害国际社会的和平与稳定。侵犯外交特权与豁免的行为是国际罪行,是国际刑法规范的对象,适用普遍管辖原则。该行为在国际法上引起国家责任,因此,从国际法角度追究相关国家和个人的法律责任是受害国的重要救济手段。     

未成年人侵权、监护责任与民事责任能力制度

《侵权责任法》关于未成年人侵权责任的规定遭到了不少理论上的质疑,以民事责任能力制度为理论基础审视现行法律的规定确实有逻辑上的困惑,据此作出合乎逻辑的调整却未必符合我国的实际情况。将未成年人侵权责任的承担问题转换成监护责任的承担问题,重新审视现行法律会发现侵权责任法的规定具有合理性。据以重构未成年人侵权制度的理论基础———民事责任能力制度本身的价值也是值得怀疑的。     

Excuses in law and in morality: a response to Marcia Baron

In this analysis of Marcia Baron’s account of excuses, I seek to do two things. I try to draw out the nature of the distinction between forgiving and excusing. I also defend the distinction between excuses (like duress), and denials of responsibility (like insanity).

Space, time and function: intersecting principles of responsibility across the terrain of criminal justice

This paper considers the interpretive significance of the intersecting relationships between different conceptions of responsibility as they shift over space and time. The paper falls into two main sections. The first gives an account of several conceptions of responsibility: two conceptions founded in ideas of capacity; two founded in ideas of character, and one founded in the relationship between an agent and the outcome which she causes. The second main section uses this differentiated conceptual account to analyse and interpret certain aspects of the contemporary criminal law of England and Wales. In conclusion, the paper considers a number of hypotheses about what the evidence of certain shifts in the relationship between the three families of responsibility-conception can tell us about the current state and significance of criminal law among other systems of social governance.

抢劫罪承继犯责任探讨

抢劫罪的承继犯是指行为人开始实施抢劫行为而在抢劫行为尚未结束过程中,他人与之形成意思联络,从而加入其中完成抢劫的共犯形态.承继犯的责任问题是客观存在的,既不能完全否定,也不能全面肯定,而应该有条件的承认.