试论建国后陈云的社会保障思想

陈云的社会保障思想,对当今和谐社会的建设具有丰富的理论指导意义和现实借鉴意义,体现在对灾区灾民的直接救济、以工代赈、对城市工人失业救助等多个方面.陈云曾多次提出要加大对城市粮食的供应数量,加大对城市失业保障的力度等举措.     

加快发展社会中介组织 迎接WTO后时代挑战

社会中介组织对社会的组织化程度和社会、经济运行效率及管理的科学性都有重要的作用和影响。发展社会中介组织既是市场经济条件下降低交易成本和我国加入WTO与国际接轨的需要,也是政企分开、转变政府职能的关键性措施,因而是调整国家与社会关系、走向现代化的重要步骤。目前我国社会中介组织的发展面临种种问题,应当制定和采取相应对策。     

社会主义初级阶段理论的社会．转型观

在当代历史条件下 ,要理解中国社会转型的历史地位就必须正确认识当代中国社会主义建设实践与当代中国社会转型实践的关系。中国共产党关于社会主义初级阶段的理论正确解决了当代中国社会主义建设实践与当代中国社会转型实践的关系问题 ,从而为当代中国社会转型的历史定位奠定了历史观理论基础。     

青少年社会公德教育对策

社会主义市场经济条件下,青少年的社会公德发生了许多新变化。加强青少年社会公德建设,要明确教育责任人,强化学校教育与社会公共管理,促进青少年组织的参与和成人垂范作用,建立社会保障激励机制。     

福利制度的结构与社会政策

福利制度的结构决定了福利国家与社会政策之间有着一定的联系,只有从这一结构出发,制定社会政策时才可能避免简单化,使政策体现不同福利国家的具体差异,更好地实现福利的目的。     

社会契约理论及其对我国法治建设的意义

社会契约理论是由自然法学派所提出来的一种国家学说 ,但是它却具有超越于国家学说的更深层次的意义 ,因为它涉及到国家政府权力的合法性以及权力与权利等深层次宪政理论问题 ,并且它所体现的自由、平等、人权精神也是至关重要的 ,这对我国法治建设具有非常积极的意义。     

弱势群体保护的社会契约分析

社会契约的“订立”旨在使人类摆脱“自然状态”进入“社会状态”;作为国家“存在原理”,社会契约主旨是解决个人、社会和国家之间的权利与义务问题,其终极关怀是人民的福祉——保障安全、自由、财富和尊严等。但这些可欲的价值的实现须符合一种正义的原则和道德要求:平等对待和惠及包括弱势群体在内的社会合作体系中的每一个立约者。平等、互惠构成弱势群体保护的社会契约基础和道德义务,也是社会契约和社会秩序的实现条件。在这一意义上,不保护弱势群体,社会契约目的就不能达到,政府合法性就被质疑。弱势群体保护需要对社会契约进行动态完善——创新保护模式、着力后续调整、突出经济权利、建立诉讼制衡机制、高扬人本立约观。     

e-Youth before its judges - Legal protection of minors in cyberspace

The present paper¹ aims both at introducing the legal aspects of the protection of minors in cyberspace and analysing and criticizing certain main features embedded in this legal approach of young people protection. After a short introduction underlining the concept of child’s rights and the reason why this right has been particularly proclaimed in the context of the cyberspace, the first section describes the new technological features of the ICT environment and linked to this evolution the increasing risks the minors are confronted with. A typology of cyber abuses is proposed on the basis of these considerations. A list of EU or Council of Europe texts directly or indirectly related to the minors’ protection into the cyberspace is provided. The second section intends to analyse certain characteristics of the legal approach as regards the ways by which that protection is conceived and effectively ensured. Different principles and methods might be considered as keywords summarizing the legal approach and to a certain extent, fixing a partition of responsibilities taking fully into account the diversity of actors might be deduced from the different regulatory documents.The third section comes back to the different complementary means by which the Law is envisaging the minors’ protection. The obligation to create awareness about the potential risks minors might incur definitively is the first one. The omnipresent reference in all the legal texts to the role of self-regulatory interventions constitutes another pillar of the protection envisaged by the Law. After having described the multiple instruments developed in the context of this self-regulation (labels, codes of conduct, hotlines, ODR…) or even co-regulation, the paper examines the conditions set by the European legislators as regards these instruments. Technology might be considered as a fourth method for protecting children. Our concern will be to see how the Law is addressing new requirements as regards the technological solutions and their implementation. The present debates about the liability of the actors involved in applications or services targeted or not vis-à-vis the minors like SNS or VSP operators are evoked. As a final point the question of the increasing competences of LEA and the reinforcement of the criminal provisions in order to fight cyber abuses against minors will be debated. In conclusion, we will address final recommendations about the way by which it would be possible to reconcile effective minors’ protection and liberties into the cyberspace.     

从国家社科基金立项项目看法学研究状况——一种知识社会学的视角

通过对1993-2004年来国家社会科学基金立项的法学类项目类立项资助项目相关指标的分析,来展现我国目前法学学术生产格局的大致状况及其背后动因;并通过与经济学社科基金立项项目的比较以及对法学类社科基金立项项目在社科基金项目中所占比例等数据的分析,来呈视法学作为一门独立学科在整个人文社会科学界的地位变迁,以及这种变迁背后的权力———知识格局。     

Data protection legislation: What is at stake for our society and democracy?

The author starts by questioning the main privacy challenges raised by our present and future information society viewed as a “global village”. Apart from a comparison with the traditional village of our parents, he identifies the two complementary and not dissociable facets of our privacy: the right to seclusion and the right to participate fully in our society. According to the first German Constitutional Court recognizing the right to informational self-determination as a new constitutional right, he underlines the need to analyse the data protection as a tool for ensuring both the citizens' dignity and our democracy.