我国外商投资产业指导政策价值评析——以国际私法为视角

我国外商投资政策主要体现为2001年的《指导外商投资方向规定》、2007年的《新外商投资产业指导目录》以及2010年的《关于进一步做好利用外资工作的若干意见》.通过一宗典型涉澳案例导引出我国对外商投资产业政策的反思,继而对三种外商投资产业政策加以比较,并以稀土产业和机械工业为例分析了我国的外商投资产业政策的意义.最后,从国际私法角度审视了我国的外商投资产业指导政策的价值.     

行政拘留折抵刑期的实践性思考

刑期折抵是刑法甚至只是刑罚制度中的一小部分,但因涉及人身自由、执法公正、保护权益等重大问题,还是有较强的司法实践意义.最常见和有争议的是有约束行为人自由的行政拘留与刑期折抵之探讨,以毒品类犯罪为例,当下理论政策和实务操作不尽相同.在坚持现有规定的基础上,反思争议矛盾的由来,通过完善制度和调整实践,不断加强执法监督,可以实现刑期折抵之平衡目的和公正价值,进一步推动刑法成为保护权利,限制权力之法.     

社会环境的变化对警察执法公信力的影响

当前我国正处于社会转型的关键时期,公安工作所面临的政治、经济、法律、文化等各方面的环境发生了深刻的变化.近年来,我国警察执法公信力之所以受到各方的关注,其原因不仅在于公安机关本身,还在于公安工作所面临的外部环境发生了变化,如行政权力干预、民生问题、公众的认知、新闻媒体的报道等都会对警察执法公信力产生影响.     

行政刑法的基本立场——以行政责任和刑事责任的统一为视角

从对行政责任和刑事责任理念的梳理来看,二者对行政刑法责任具有相当影响,但行政刑法责任是行政责任和刑事责任之有机统一的观点具有表面性和形式化。行政刑法产生于市民刑法的背景使得行政刑法的责任必须在市民刑法的语境下进行解读,只有如此,才能真正厘清行政刑法责任之限制权力和人权保障、刑罚均衡和人道之基本立场。在市民刑法成为我国刑法应有转向的背景下,行政刑法应构成刑法的主体,刑法的转向实际上在相当程度上就是转向行政刑法的过程。我国经济犯罪形式的行政刑法之完善亦应在市民刑法理念下进行。     

Mainstreaming populist discourse: the race-conscious legacy of neo-populist parties in Australia and Italy

Curran examines the political legacy of far-right neo-populist parties in Australia and Italy. She argues that assessments of their ‘success’ need to extend beyond the electoral decline or organizational implosion of the parties themselves. An important measure of their impact is the influence they have exerted on mainstream political discourse and styles of communication. That they have been successful in having such an impact is well illustrated in the politically expedient adoption of race-conscious, anti-immigration and anti-asylum policies in Australia and Italy. Curran examines the influence of Pauline Hanson’s One Nation party and Umberto Bossi’s Lega Nord (Northern League) on the mainstreaming of populist discourse in these two countries. She focuses on some of the populist themes and styles embraced by the Australian political leader John Howard and his Italian counterpart Silvio Berlusconi, and she concludes that, regardless of their political fragility or outright demise, these far-right neo-populist parties have been successful in injecting populist themes and prejudices into the mainstream political discourse in their respective countries.     

犯罪统计:刑事政策定量研究的基础——兼评美国两大犯罪统计模式

犯罪学的发展催生了犯罪统计研究,犯罪统计的研究成果也为犯罪学的发展提供了基础资料。在美国,以UCR和NCVS为代表的两种犯罪统计模式运用不同的统计方法,为学者、政府警务部门执法提供了科学可靠的犯罪情况报告。由于犯罪统计数据的缺乏,我国刑事政策研究偏重定性分析而忽视定量研究,借鉴美国的两种犯罪统计模式经验,建立本土化的全国犯罪统计,注重定量与定性研究相结合,是使刑事政策最终走向科学化的重要基础。     

我国政府支持农民专业合作社发展的政策分析

农民专业合作社是我国市场经济条件下引导分散经营的农户进入市场、体现政府对农业准公共物品治理、以及确保农民获得社会平均报酬水平、维护农民利益的有效载体和组织形式。政府扶持农民专业合作社发展有其必要性和特殊性。然而,我国政府扶持农民专业合作社发展的各项公共政策,包括财政、金融、税收等扶持政策在实际运作过程中存在的问题也不容忽视,追根溯源,既有政府合作社管理体制机制方面所引致,也有农村金融制度改革滞后的阻碍,还有合作社自身发展缺乏规范影响政策效果。因此,从政府和合作社两方面提出了改革完善的政策建议。     

‘Good neighbours or distant relatives?’ Regional identity and cooperation in the South Caucasus

Conceptualization of the South Caucasus as a distinct regional unit is a relatively new development. Notwithstanding geographic proximity, the three states of the region face different political, economic and security realities, precipitating different strategic orientations. Conflicting dynamics complicate relations between states and serve to undermine efforts, both internal and external, to establish a sense of regional identity and advance inter-state cooperation. This paper argues that the concept of a distinct ‘South Caucasus’ region is an externally generated, geographical label, which implies a certain degree of unity and positive interdependence that does not exist. The three states may be geographical neighbours, but they are not ‘good neighbours’, as the complex web of enmities that has developed over the centuries means the three states tend to look externally to ‘distant relatives’, undermining both regional cohesion and awareness.     

The Russian Dimension of Baltic Maritime Governance

This paper seeks to reconstruct the development of Baltic maritime governance by filling in the gap in the systematic study of Russian maritime policy. In a review of historical, administrative, economic, and political facets of Russian maritime policy, the paper identifies the logic of “greatpowerness” underpinned by the category of “national interest” as its main driver. In this overall logic, cooperation with the EU in maritime affairs is a part of larger Russia’s EU politics. Thus, Baltic maritime governance depends on the ability of the EU and Russia to maintain constructive relations beyond the scope of the maritime domain.     

Trust in the information society

Trust is an important feature for all users of the Internet who rely on the safety and security of network technologies and systems for their daily lives. Trust, or the lack of it, has also been identified by the European Commission’s Digital Agenda as a major barrier to further development of the information society in Europe. One of the areas in which concerns have been raised is in relation to children’s safety online. As a result, substantial efforts have been made by policymakers and by the industry to build greater trust and confidence in online digital safety. This paper examines what trust means in the context of children’s use of the Internet. Should policy on trust enhancement, for instance, include children’s own trust in the technologies or services they use or is it sufficient to seek to reinforce parental and adult confidence that children can be adequately protected? What is required to build that trust from either perspective? Does it need, or should it include a relationship of trust between parents and children? To tease out these questions further, the paper examines current European Union policy frameworks on digital safety, particularly industry responses to the call for a more trusted Internet environment for children, and argues that technical solutions to be effective need to carefully balance a number of competing objectives and to be sufficiently grounded in evidence of parental and child experience of the Internet.