HCN4 Gene Variations in Sudden Unexplained Nocturnal Death Syndrome in the Southern Han Chinese Population,

Sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) is widely considered to be related to hereditary fatal arrhythmias. Hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated channel 4 (HCN4) channels are widely distributed in sinus myocytes and play a profound role in generating pacemaker electro‐activity in cardiomyocytes. In the present study, the potential correlation between HCN4 gene variations and the occurrence of SUNDS was investigated. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of both 119 unrelated SUNDS patients and 184 healthy individuals and screened for candidate HCN4 gene variants. One missense heterozygous variant c.1578C>T (Ala195Val) and four synonymous heterozygous variants c.1552C>T, c.2833C>T, c.3823C>T, and c.4189C>A were discovered in the SUNDS cases. The missense variant c.1578C>T (Ala195Val) was absent in 163 recruited controls and 105 persons of the Southern Han Chinese population, had in‐silico prediction indications as damaging, and was reported prevalent in sudden infant death, and is thus likely to be involved in SUNDS.     

On the formal rationality of commercial law in common law system

Common law traditionally contains the formal rationality of commercial law. According to common law tradition, there is no possibility of preventing commercial law from being formalized. Formalization of commercial law in common law system is an institutional demand of market economy and is jointly promoted by the legal tradition of common law countries. The commercial law in the two legal systems indicates that the commercial law is made depending on the market economy and the form of commercial law is restricted by legal tradition. The formalization and assimilation of commercial law are an internal need as well as an inevitable trend in the course of economic development.     

环境侵权类型化探析

分析环境侵权的类型有助于获得对环境侵权的整体性认识，为立法提供依据。将环境破坏型环境侵权从传统环境侵权中分离出来，与污染型环境侵权并列成为一个独立的环境侵权类型,并对其构成要件及救济制度作出相应立法规定，有利于环境侵权救济体系的完善。对共同环境侵权进行类型化分析,明确不同的共同环境侵权的具体构成要件并确定相互间的责任承担方式，有利于环境侵权的受害者能及时确定环境侵权诉讼的被告并获得有效救济。     

开放的"全球化观"与"主体性"中国的建构

立基于对中国法学近二十年"全球化论辩"的详尽分析和反思,不仅批判了中国法学论者在研究全球化问题时所持有的那种完全丢失中国自身立场或视界的封闭且被动的"全球化观",同时还阐发或建构了一种以中国"主体性"为基础的开放而非封闭的"全球化观"或"全球化图景"。这一开放的"全球化观"的建构,为中国能够以一种"主体性"的姿态积极参与对全球化进程及其方向的审查和决策提供一种认识论上的可能通道,而要真正建构中国与全球化在本体论上可能关系,我们有必要在本体论层面上引入"全球治理"的问题,并追问在全球治理框架中,中国究竟根据什么样的中国理想图景或世界理想图景去参与重构或重塑全球化进程及其方向的进程这一更为根本的问题。     

素质教育工程通用能力培训实施状况的调查与思考

北京市各级工会组织,把实施首都职工素质教育工程作为全面提高职工队伍整体素质的重要抓手和载体。在通用能力培训实施过程中,不断推广成功的经验和解决存在的问题,有利于首都职工素质教育工程的完善与发展。     

关于外语学习最佳年龄的研究

关于外语学习的最佳年龄 ,国外不同学者提出了不同的理论 ,包括临界期假说 ,非临界期假说和敏感期假说。我国学者也开展了一系列的研究 ,认为外语学习的起始年龄并不是决定外语学习能否成功的关键因素。事实上 ,不同年龄段的外语学习者有各自的优势 ,外语教学工作者应根据不同年龄的学生选用恰当的教材和教学方法 ,只有这样 ,才可以使外语学习者在相对较短的时间内掌握一门外语。     

A Memorial for jeremy bentham: memory,fiction, and writing the law

At a moment when the European Union and globalisation are, in their different contexts, bringing systems of traditional law (like the Common Law), whose texts are presented as monuments to historical legal cultures, into confrontation with systems of written law which claim to be rational embodiments of universal principles of liberal justice, how might we remember Jeremy Bentham, the pioneer of the critique of the former in the name of the latter? This essay in ‘law-and-literature’ looks at the relation between memory, fiction and writing in both the Common Law and in the two last projects for which the radical legal positivist sought to be remembered: the Constitutional Code for the Use of All Nations and All Governments Professing Liberal Opinions (1830) and Auto-Icon: Or, Farther Uses of the Dead to the Living (published posthumously in 1842). By examining Bentham’s linguistic theory and practice, the article raises questions about the relations between the ‘law’ of writing and the writing of law.     

被害人承诺的刑法意义

被害人的承诺有广义和狭义之分。广义的被害人承诺包括关系人的合意和被害人的同意,其中,关系人的合意是阻却构成要件该当性事由,而被害人的同意则是刑法中的正当化行为;狭义的被害人的承诺则仅指作为刑法中的正当化行为而存在的被害人的同意。由于关系人的合意中并无所谓被害人的存在,因而刑法理论中的被害人承诺,凡未作特别说明,一般专指狭义的被害人的承诺即被害人同意,而法益衡量理论,则为基于被害人承诺的行为的刑事正当性提供了有力的根据和说明。     

"共同治理"原则下职工地位的确定

国有企业公司制改革的方向是建立现代企业制度,实行法人治理结构的创新.现代企业制度中"股东至上主义"逻辑与"共同治理"原则分别对职工地位产生不同影响.在"共同治理"原则下,职工地位的确定表现为:主人、利益相关者和雇员.     

儒家理想政治与西汉政权

所谓儒家的理想政治,就是原始儒家设计的一种政治方案。它主要包括对君主的选择、君臣关系、对人民的态度、政治体制及救补政治弊端的措施等方面。西汉政权之所以能建立起稳定统治,其实正是采纳儒家理想政治的结果。至于汉初的“黄老政治”,只是一种过渡形式,而且也是在吸收了大量的儒学内容的基础上才形成的。