坚持和完善中国特色政党制度的再思考

中国特色政党制度与西方资本主义政党制度有着本质的区别,这种本质的区别主要表现在二者有着不同的经济基础、不同的政党关系、不同的政治目标与运作方式;共产党领导,多党派合作,共产党执政,多党派参政;同时,中国特色政党制度还有着鲜明的比较优势,优势一是有利于执政党自身建设,优势二是有利于集中力量办大事,调动一切积极因素进行社会主义现代化建设,优势三是有利于发扬社会主义民主。在现阶段,要根据新形势新变化,不断坚持和完善中国特色政党制度。     

Research on detection techniques for pattern modifications of playing cards used in illegal gambling operations

We investigated pattern-modified marked cards used in fraudulent gambling cases in Korea. These cards are printed with modifications to some of the repeated marks on the back, revealing the hand on the front and enabling fraudsters to deceive their victims. We proposed a method for identifying the modified part by first enhancing the card's color difference using an image processing technique and then calculating the similarity between the repeated basic patterns with a Siamese network. This method is fast and convenient, as it can determine the deformation with only 1 or 2 cards and can be implemented in mobile applications, allowing law enforcement officers to investigate quickly. The proposed method serves as a useful tool to aid document examiners in making judgments, as it does not require expensive equipment and effectively visualizes the alterations.     

中国古代思维方式的西方认知

以安乐哲和郝大维为代表的一些西方汉学家从思维方式出发探寻中西文化的差异，为我们比较中西文化提供了一个全新的视角。在他们看来，中国古代占主流的思维方式是关联性思维，这种思维方式对应的宇宙秩序是一种美学的秩序。而西方占主流的思维方式是因果性思维，这种思维方式对应的宇宙秩序是一种理性的秩序。     

鼠抗人转铁蛋白单链抗体基因序列测定及分析

从携带人转铁蛋白单链抗体基因载体转化的大肠杆菌菌株中提取质粒,经电泳分析及筛选、纯化出线状质粒DNA,定量后以载体上人转铁蛋白单链抗体基因插入子两边的已知DNA序列经合成后作为引物进行测序扩增凝胶电泳,将得到的人转铁蛋白单链杭体基因序列重轻链可变区部分同基因库中鼠抗体重轻链进行同源比对,证明人转铁蛋白单链抗体基因确由鼠抗体重轻链可变区基因构成,在此基础上,进一步对基因核苷酸序列的可变区结构特征作推断分析,并推导出其对应的氨基酸序列.     

大陆、澳门两地反黑法之比较──兼谈对我国反黑法的完善

修订后的《中华人民共和国刑法》增加了黑社会性质犯罪的规定,与澳门反黑法相比,我国刑法中关于黑社会性质犯罪的立法显得过于宽泛,在司法实践中难以操作,通过对两地反黑法的比较,笔者提出了有关完善我国反黑立法的一些肤浅的建议。     

Families in multi-problem situations: Backgrounds,characteristics, and care services

The article reviews practical experiences and theoretical reflections from the Dutch child and youth care sector on the provision of care for families with multiple problems. Emphasis is laid upon the complex relations between socioeconomic and psychosocial problems, and subsequent issues that may arise in arranging child and youth care. Furthermore, the current state of discussion in program development for the target group in the Netherlands is introduced. The originally English concept of families with multiple problems has been used only modestly in German-speaking countries. This is remarkable from an international perspective, especially considering the re-emerging prominence of social policies that define families as a site of social work practice in English-speaking countries. We conclude that the themes, as derived from our review open up possibilities for further international comparisons, and can provide valuable reference for the transnational discourse about child and youth care services for families with multiple problems.     

在自由与规制之间——两大法系自由心证主义比较研究

诉讼正义实现的基础在于案件真相的发现.就案件真相的发现模式而言,英美法系和大陆法系虽然发展历程彼此相异,但却殊途同归.前者经历了从绝对自由的证明到相对自由的证明;后者经历了从绝对不自由的证明到相对自由的证明.现代两大法系自由心证主义以自由与规制、真相发现与抑制主观随意性为最重要的特征.两大法系对自由心证的合理规制值得我们借鉴和学习.     

海峡两岸检察机关定位的比较研究

检察机关的定位是检察制度中最核心的内容之一,海峡两岸的检察制度虽然经历了不同的发展历程,但是,两地在进行检察改革时却面临着一些共同性问题。对两地检察机关定位的比较,可以揭示两地在检察改革时的差异和联系,这对促进两地司法改革经验的交流将产生重要的积极影响。     

Cognitive biases in the peer review of bullet and cartridge case comparison casework: A field study

ObjectiveForensic judgments and their peer review are often the result of human assessment and are thus subjective and prone to bias. This study examined whether bias affects forensic peer review.HypothesesWe hypothesized that the probability of disagreement between two forensic examiners about the proposed conclusion would be higher with “blind” peer review (reviewer saw only the first examiner’s comparison photos) than with “non-blind” peer review (reviewer also saw the first examiner’s interpretation and proposed conclusion). We also hypothesized that examiners with a higher perceived professional status would have a larger effect on the reported conclusion than examiners with a lower status.MethodWe acquired data during a non-blind and a blind peer review procedure in a naturalistic, covert study with eight examiners (3–26 years of experience). We acquired 97 conclusions of bullet and cartridge case comparisons in the blind and 471 in the non-blind peer review procedure.ResultsThe odds of disagreement between examiners about the evidential strength of a comparison were approximately five times larger (95%-CI [3.06, 8.50]) in the blind than in the non-blind procedure, with disagreement about 42.3% and 12.5% of the proposed conclusions, respectively. Also, the odds that their proposed conclusion was reported as the final conclusion were approximately 2.5 higher for the higher-status examiners than for lower-status examiners.ConclusionsOur results support both the hypothesis that bias occurs during non-blind forensic peer review and the hypothesis that higher-status examiners determine the outcome of a discussion more than lower-status examiners. We conclude that blind peer review may reduce the probability of bias and that status effects have an impact on the peer reviewing process.     

警察职业适应性障碍归因性研究——公安双学位学生教育研究

公安院校改革试点双学位学生在学习中表现出比较明显的警察职业适应性障碍倾向。本文通过运用横向比较和纵向比较的方法,通过学生的主观认识误区和学习的客观现状描述,从社会和学校教育角度对现行适应性障碍倾向做出归因研究,尝试提出调整公安院校警察职业教育方法,形成自助与发展相结合的教育指导策略的基本构想,为改进警察职业道德教育、促进警察职业教育科学化提供借鉴。