情节犯的犯罪构成理论意义

情节犯是我国刑法中特有的一种犯罪类型。它与修正的犯罪构成理论相关联。情节犯所具有的灵活性与实用性,不仅使得司法者能根据案件的实际情况做出决断成为可能,而且,它使得我国犯罪构成理论的发展具有了赖以生存的土壤和更为广阔的空间。同时文章还将其与大陆法系国家刑法理论中可罚的违法性与客观处罚条件进行比较研究。     

珠三角汽车产业发展:动因、集群现状及存在问题

基于市场需求、地方政府政策、世界汽车产业转移等多种动因的共同作用,珠三角汽车产业集群形成了集群分布基本特点。虽然珠三角汽车产业发展迅速,在国内汽车产业界中的地位不断提高,但主要问题是本土汽车集团不强,自主开发能力较弱。今后一段时期,应当在解决这些问题上下功夫。     

当代比丘尼生存状况研究--以陕西地区尼寺为考察重点

伴随着社会的发展,现代化设备的普及,当前许多尼寺已悄然改变了传统的清修方式,以更包容更积极的态势融入社会,比丘尼的生活方式和生活观念都发生了变化。以陕西地区尼寺为考察重点,利用收到的第一手口述资料,可全方位地对当前比丘尼生存状况包括经济状况、精神状态、健康状况、社会关系等方面进行考察,并展现当代比丘尼真实的生存状况。     

论我国假释制度的不足与完善

假释作为一种行刑制度,被各国法律所采用。我国现行刑法第81条也明确规定了假释制度。然而,实践中假释的适用比例一直较低。究其原因,我国假释制度在立法和执行上存在诸多问题,应从建立科学的假释犯危险评价制度、完善特殊罪犯假释制度、完善相应程序制度等方面对现行假释制度进行改进与完善。     

目击证人错误记忆的影响因素研究综述

目击证人对犯罪嫌疑人辨认的结果是定案的重要依据,但目击证人的错误记忆产生的不当陈述又是案件错判的最常见原因,提高目击证人辨认的准确性对于惩罚犯罪和保障公民的权利至关重要。目击证人受外界环境、主观心理等多方面的作用,形成错误记忆,严重影响辨认的准确性。因此,应当借鉴认知心理学对错误记忆的研究方法,抑制错误记忆对目击证人的影响因素,提高目击证人辨认结果的准确性。     

从法律原则到个案规范——阿列克西原则理论的民法应用

司法中针对某具体个案适用法律原则的通常情形是,没有既有规则可以适用(即"穷尽规则"),或者尽管有规则,但因其与原则相冲突而被排除适用。这两种情形的规范表现在实质上均可理解为原则之间的冲突。在相冲突的原则中确定何者最终适用于该具体个案,恰是阿列克西原则理论(尤其是其"竞争法则")所要解决的问题。适用"竞争法则"的核心在于找寻与确立优先条件或变量,相较于阿列克西的比重公式,参照生活常情或"事物本质"能为其找寻与确立提供更为具体的实践操作路径,因为优先条件或变量的确立由此转变为找寻连接基本案件事实与优先原则的中点(此即"裁判案件要确定的核心要素")。以"竞争法则"为理论根基,再辅之以确立优先条件或变量的具体路径,原则的规则化便水到渠成:即通过具体的优先条件或变量确立相冲突原则中优先适用的原则(即优先原则),适用优先原则的结果便是创设一个规则(即个案规范),优先条件或变量进而成为该个案规范的构成要件。个案规范才是裁判该具体个案的直接依据。     

Violence at Work—The Emergence of a Social Problem

This article analyses trends in violence at work on the basis of victim surveys, work-environment surveys, and press material. It proceeds from the two most common explanations of why violence at work appears to have increased over recent decades. These emphasize shifts in working conditions that have increased employees' victimization risk, and a broadened view of what is regarded as work-related violence. The empirical analyses provide support for both these explanations, and the various dimensions examined—increased reporting propensities, expanded definitions, a reduced tolerance of violence, and altered working conditions—are linked to one another.     

Multiple Trajectories and “Good Governance” in Asia: An Introduction

Conventional wisdom in the international aid community has been that governance systems and practices in developing countries require reform in order for aid catering to economic development or poverty alleviation to be successful. Despite criticisms, the good governance agenda has remained unscathed in international development policy until the recent economic crisis in the advanced economies. This feature section of this issue provides in-depth analysis of the nuances at the critical linkage between institutional reforms and development, based on empirical case studies of the logic of governance reforms in the Asian context. This introductory essay surveys the intellectual background of discussion over the concepts of governance, good governance and development, and the linkage between governance reforms as process and development as outcome. It highlights the significance of discussing Asian reform experiences for the ongoing reflection over the global institutional agenda. The message is not that we do not need governance reforms, or that international learning is impossible or counterproductive. Reform efforts in developing and advanced economies will benefit, however, from a better understanding of the linkage between reforms and the diverse historical conditions they are embedded in.     

Privatization and the Working Conditions of Health Care Support Staff

Using an assisted survey approach, we compare health care service employees' perceptions of work between public and privatized health care settings. Results indicate that laundry, maintenance, food service, and housekeeping staff employed by privately managed medical institutions have more negative perceptions of job rewards than their public sector counterparts, with no difference in perceptions of supervisor support, work stress, autonomy, and opportunity. A supplementary analysis comparing three organization types: pure-public, pure-private, and public-private shows that workers perceive higher work stress and lower rewards in public-private organizations, while workers at pure-private organizations perceive low rewards, low supervisor support, and low opportunity. Our interpretation is that privatization lowers workers' perception of rewards in completely privatized organizations and in public organizations that privatize a proportion of services.     

有关构建和谐社会的若干理论问题

和谐社会是指人与人、人与环境之间和睦相处、共生共荣的关系状态，构建和谐社会就是通过人与人、人与环境的互相支持、互相配合，以协调、平衡、稳定的方式来实现人与人、人与环境的和睦相处、共生共荣。和谐世界是和谐社会在国际上的自然延伸，而和谐世界是和谐社会的必备条件。和谐社会构想的哲学基础是马克思主义关于人是社会历史的主体的基本观点、唯物辩证法的矛盾学说和系统观。构建和谐社会的基本条件一是发展，二是公正。