The Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Wilderness Preservation Policy Network

ABSTRACT

This article surveys an unpublished piece in which Friedrich Engels examined the ecological conditions of Ireland in a chapter entitled the “Natural Conditions” in his unfinished History of Ireland. In interpreting Engels’s findings dialectically we are able to explicate a dialectical framework that gives us a greater insight into how Engels understands the way in which the dialectics of nature enfold in a particular bioregion and how, crucially, those same organic processes of nature provide the necessary ecological conditions for society to engage in agricultural cultivation. The geological system of Ireland and its particular sieve-like structure moderate the climatic condition of excessive rainfall so that cultivation can continue. This investigation by Engels can be seen as a concrete case study into the dynamic metabolising relationships between the diverse organic processes of Nature as they are appropriated by society in agricultural production. The conceptual trajectory of this dialectical analysis is to emphasise the inherent fluidity, mutual interaction and “universal connection” of the forces of nature. This particular work of Engels’s is a significant contribution to our understanding not only of the dialectics of nature but also of the methodology of dialectics as such.     

逮捕条件中的社会危险性问题探究

逮捕的社会危险性条件是刑事诉讼法修改的一项重要内容,是逮捕条件的进一步细化,也是刑事诉讼法尊重和保障人权、保障犯罪嫌疑人合法权益、落实宽严相济刑事司法政策、慎捕等执法理念的重要体现。对于逮捕条件中的社会危险性,应结合案件的证据情况,通过对法条的五项社会危险性规定逐项进行准确把握。     

罪刑法定主义的哲学视域

对刑法基本原则的深刻理解来自于探寻其生命源泉。英国1215年《大宪章》与罪刑法定主义之间的联系被过分夸大了。罪刑法定主义的道德基础是个人主义的道德观,其政治条件一个是政教分离,一个是王在法下。罪刑法定主义仅仅立足于民主主义是不够的,还须立足于立宪主义,其根基在于人的尊严和自治,而其前提是商品经济的发展。     

正当防卫的正当化根据及条件

现代各国刑事立法对于正当防卫大都给予了相当的关注,认定正当防卫应以“正当化”为根据,并以“紧急不法侵害”的存在及“防卫”行为为要件。     

从几起大案看犯罪人格的形成及预防

犯罪人格在严重暴力犯罪中起着重要作用。犯罪人格的形成有一个过程 ,在这个过程中 ,成长环境、人生经历等起着重要的作用。要遏制犯罪人格 ,必须净化成长环境 ,满足合理需要 ,加强人格预警以及对劳动教养、劳动改造的方式、方法进行深入改革。     

不同地域痹证中医药治疗特色

痹证是因风、寒、湿、热等外邪侵袭人体,闭阻经络而导致气血运行不畅的病证。痹证的发生与体质的盛衰以及气候条件、生活环境密切相关。西北方之人患痹证,宜用疏通重剂、温热之药;东南方之人患痹证,宜用疏通轻剂、清凉之品;中部之人患痹证,当因地制宜。以中医理论为指导,结合痹证的现代研究,基于中医地域医学特色,探讨不同地域痹证的辨证及治疗特色具有重要意义。     

Passing the buck? Analyzing the delegation of discretion after transposition of European Union law

This article seeks to map and explain the extent to which national legislators constrain discretion contained in European Union directives during transposition. To this end, we use standard hypotheses from the domestic delegation literature regarding the necessity of policy conflict and transaction costs. Our empirical approach is based on a focused comparison of the transposition of several provisions of the Asylum Reception Conditions Directive in France, Germany, and the Netherlands. In order to capture content‐specific aspects of discretion we employ an innovative measurement tool, the so‐called Institutional Grammar Tool. The study shows that while all three states formally comply with the directive, the level of European Union discretion delegated to practical implementers varies considerably across the cases. Standard delegation theory cannot fully explain the patterns. Instead, existing delegation theories have to be adjusted to the transposition context, by accounting for domestic preferences regarding the status quo.     

论想象竞合犯的若干问题

想象竞合犯是非数罪形态之一 ,虽然我国现行刑法中并没有想象竞合犯的明文规定 ,但理论上普遍承认这种犯罪形态。想象竞合犯在理论上 ,应承认异种想象竞合犯为宜 ;其法律性质作为科刑上的一罪来理解比较恰当 ;在想象竞合犯的情况下 ,行为人主观上实际是具有数个罪过。     

试论党的三代领导人对中国国情的把握

毛泽东同志首倡了中国革命必须以中国国情为根据的正确方向 ,邓小平同志创立了社会主义初级阶段理论 ,以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代领导集体高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜 ,继承、丰富和发展了社会主义初级阶段理论。党的三代领导人对中国国情的准确把握 ,为探索有中国特色的革命和建设道路奠定了坚实的基础。     

吉林省粮食安全政策选择

2010年我国的粮食产量达到54 641万吨,增产2.9%。[1]尽管如此,我国的粮食安全问题仍然是十分重要的大问题,全球的粮食安全问题仍然很严重,粮价维稳已成为各国的头等大事,2010年全球玉米价格暴涨了52%,小麦上涨了49%,黄豆上涨了28%。[2]有些问题是自然灾害造成的,有些问题是人为造成的,这使全球经济陷入一种十分不稳定的状态。当今全球社会十分害怕粮食价格上涨,有些人把这些问题摆在与金融危机同一个位置上。