Political crises,strategic choices,and terrorism: The rise and fall of the Uruguayan Tupamaros

In this article we offer a first attempt at providing a set of universal grading criteria for determining on what basis, and how far, an item of discursive content can be considered “terroristic.” In doing so, we draw loosely on the existing COPINE scale for child abuse images. The scale described in the article is not intended to reflect actual risk of engagement in terrorist violence, nor is it intended to have evidential validity in relation to offenses in certain jurisdictions relating to “terrorist publications.” Rather, by formalising assumptions which seem already to be latent in the literature on terrorist use of the Internet, it aspires to serve as a starting point for a more methodologically coherent approach to relationships between content—particularly online content—and terrorism.     

Rural and Regional Policy: A Case of Punctuated Incrementalism?

The rural policy environment has many of the conditions that might suggest a tendency towards punctuated equilibrium. The Commonwealth has little direct power over rural space and industries, there has been a long tradition of state support for agriculture and decision‐making has generally been kept within a tight policy community, dominated by rural interests. In our review of the PAP data and policy history, we find instead an underlying movement across time and governments towards an expectation of self‐reliance for rural businesses and communities. On top of the long‐term incremental movement towards this expectation, issue attention has shifted according to political, climatological and market conditions, rather than necessarily in line with changes in policy content.     

Excavating Concealed Tradeoffs: How Russians Watch the News

Citizens in democracies are expected to make better decisions if they understand policy tradeoffs. However, politicians rarely have incentives to communicate them; citizens are uncomfortable choosing among valued outcomes; and devising a common metric is difficult. It is not surprising that in the United States the environment provides relatively little cuing or priming of tradeoffs in television news. Russian citizens, on the other hand, face a media environment in which tradeoff cuing is intentionally suppressed by owners' agendas, yet viewers detect concealed tradeoffs even in the absence of tradeoff priming and viewpoint diversity. Analysis of discourse among ordinary Russians in 16 focus groups convened in four cities, differentiated by political reform and media market environments, showed that when watching news in which tradeoffs are thoroughly concealed, viewers challenge stories by offering a broad spectrum of uncued tradeoffs. Tradeoffs come from diverse policy domains and represent a range of cognitive strategies, some of which are considerably more abstract than others and link elements of their observations and assumptions (together with what they can extract from the stories) into complex reasoning outcomes.     

The Strategic Timing behind Position-taking in the US Congress: A Study of the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act

Roll call voting by members of the US Congress has been frequently studied. In contrast, the various decisions leading up to roll call voting are relatively unexplored. This article analyses one of those decisions: when senators announce their final passage vote intention. The authors use the same set of variables to analyse both the timing of the announcement and the final passage vote. They find that different independent variables predict these two different decisions, though the constituency and the senator's institutional setting matter in both. Furthermore, this study corroborates an assumption in the rational choice literature that those members with the most information are the first movers.     

我国女性休闲研究现状与展望--基于CNKI 2005～2014年文献的内容分析

基于CNKI 2005～2014年度数据,采用内容分析法和文献计量法,在文献数量、文献引文情况、文献研究主题、采用的研究方法、期刊影响力、研究作者、主要研究机构等8个方面总结评价我国女性休闲研究的基本情况及其局限后发现,未来的研究应该从以下几方面多视角地透视女性休闲问题：拓宽女性休闲研究领域;采用多元化的方法和手段研究女性休闲问题;加强女性休闲领域的实证研究,加强同妇女维权组织的合作等,以进一步深化女性休闲研究。     

生态保护补偿制度的价值取向和立法选择

生态保护补偿制度从环境法学角度看,是通过制定合理、科学、可行的规则来激励人们的生态环境保护行为,协调其背后各方利益之间的关系,以实现保护生态环境、促进社会公平目的的制度。环境权与生存权、发展权都是人类同时追求的正当人权,但这些权利在现实中往往存在矛盾之处,有效解决环境权与生存权、发展权三者间的矛盾是生态保护补偿制度设立的根本动因,也是生态保护补偿制度在法理学意义上的价值归属。生态保护补偿制度的推进关键在立法,其立法可采取基本法与单行法并举的立法模式,尽快制定《生态保护补偿法》基本法和专门领域、专门类别的生态保护补偿单行法;立法内容上应明确生态保护补偿法律关系主体,确定生态保护补偿标准和方式,完善生态保护补偿的程序,规范生态保护补偿的监管。     

我国基层民主的特点分析

我国基层民主作为社会主义民主的重要组成部分具有以下几个特点:一是主体的广泛性,这是人民群众直接参与与自身利益密切相关的国家与社会事务管理政治活动的基础;二是内容的差异性,这是基层民主建设的基本规律;三是环节的连续性,这是实现民主选举、民主决策、民主管理和民主监督并重的全过程民主;四是路径的渐进性,这是基层民主政治建设艰巨性的体现;五是实践的直接性,这是我国基层民主发展的基本思路。     

YouTube: A Political Advertising Tool? A Case Study of the Use of YouTube in the Campaign for the European Parliament Elections 2009

Political campaigns are made to attract the attention from citizens. The beginning of its adaption is linked to the appearance of the social media and user-generated content. Since the number of users of social network sites in Europe constantly grows, 2009 was the first time that these websites were used in political marketing purposes for the European Parliament elections. This is an exploratory study of the nature and extent of video-based social media, studied through the content analysis of YouTube videos created for the electoral campaign for the 2009 European Parliament . ( 2009 ). European elections . Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2009/default.htm?language=en  [Google Scholar] European Parliament elections by 13 political parties from four EU states. Results have shown the specificities of political advertising on the YouTube, a raising interest in social media among citizens in Europe, and the development of this way of campaigning.     

肖像权三题简

肖像权是自然人享有的重要人身权。肖像利益是肖像权的客体,既包括人身利益也包括财产利益。角色形象不属于肖像权。肖像权包括肖像制作权、肖像使用权和肖像利益维护权。对肖像权的限制应限于法律明文规定。     

维和警察英语培训的思考

2008年1月,公安部首次委托地方公安机关即四川省公安厅单独组建警队赴科索沃执行民事维和任务,省公安厅将此警队培训重任委托于四川警察学院。作为参与此次强化集训特殊任务的英语教师,特将此次民事维和警察培训中英语培训工作要求、背景情况等作一简介,并就所进行的维和警察英语培训提出培训思路和培训内容等思考,强调正确的培训思路是维和警察英语培训取得成功的关键;而切合培训目标的培训内容或教材是英语培训取得成功的保障。