End Matter

One of the most intriguing, yet forgotten, terrorist groups in history is the Galleanists, an innovative group of militant Italian anarchists active in the United States during the early part of the twentieth century. They introduced tactics and strategies that are widely used today in the world of terrorism. This article examines the rise and fall of the group, and discusses how America's experience with it holds many lessons for understanding today's global terrorist threat.     

黑河市与俄罗斯文化交流的现状、问题与对策

近年来,黑河以"中俄文化大集"为平台,使官方对俄文化交流进入常态化、规范化;以黑河龙江国际文化展览有限公司的成立为契机,使民间对俄文化交流实现跨越升级;以黑河学院为龙头,使对俄教育交流确立了"桥头堡"和"枢纽站"地位。黑河对俄文化交流存在明显须解决的问题:对俄文化交流仍处于实践与探索中,没有上升到理论层面;对俄文化交流的领域广泛,但发展不均衡,一些领域须加快发展。为了加快推进黑河与俄罗斯的文化交流工作,黑河应采取如下举措:创办高峰发展论坛、加大对俄研究力度、加强图书馆建设。     

中国农村部分地区教育缺失问题探究——以布迪厄《资本形式》为分析视角

教育是着眼于他人的素质、能力而进行的影响其精神世界或心理状态的信息传播活动。教育是充实人民生活、发展国计民生不可或缺的重要因素。近年来,政府尤其重视农村教育,然而,农村教育缺失问题在部分地区依然存在。中国农村教育缺失问题有很多,原因也各不相同。本文以布迪厄《资本形式》为分析视角,对中国农村部分地区教育缺失问题及其原因进行了分析,希望以此引起政府相关部门的重视,加大对农村教育的投入力度。     

扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设思想的价值逻辑——建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系的理论特色

党的十八大报告把中国特色社会主义文化建设推向了一个新的高度。＂扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设＂思想凝结着中国共产党文化建设思想的智慧,体现了建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系理论特色的价值逻辑。其蕴含的新观点、新精髓、新思路、新提法,丰富了建构社会主义文化话语体系的先进特色、民族特色、和谐特色、时代特色的重要理论内涵。新观点体现了建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系先进特色的价值目标。新精髓形成了建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系民族特色的理论核心。新思路体现了建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系和谐特色的发展导向。新提法体现了建构中国特色社会主义文化话语体系时代特色的实践创新。     

Outrunning the Past: European Influences in Building Cultural Policies in Romania and the Role of the Romanian Cultural Institute

ABSTRACT

Europeanization challenged the post-Communist countries with a series of difficulties and opportunities regarding the process of cultural policymaking. The exchange of information took place simultaneously with the process of national policymaking, influencing it. The article tackles this two-fold process and its implications in an endeavor to embrace sociocultural diversity on the one hand, and the attempt to harmonize national systems on the other hand. Culture is deeply linked to the perception of national identity, tradition, representation, and policy. Romanian culture and cultural policies have progressed through different stages in the last few decades: from Communist censorship and the disturbing period after the Revolution, to European pre-accession and post-accession, when cultural policies aimed to comply with the European directives for culture.     

EU Integration and Cultural Diplomacy in Times of Crisis: The Case of Greece

The economic crisis challenges the integration policies of the European Union (EU) and reduces its soft power. Developing from a discussion on cultural values, cultural diplomacy is proposed as a way for the EU and its member states to address the negative effects of the crisis on their soft power and integration process. Cultural values, identity issues, top-down and bottom-up stakeholders, policies, and prospects for cultural diplomacy are explored with a focus on Greece. A proposal based on the balancing of sociocultural with economic principles is presented as a conclusion that would address soft power deficits and further EU integration.     

Bullins and Me: A Remembrance of Past Times

This article develops a critical appraisal of the UNESCO Creative Economy Report (2013). It dis-cusses continuity and change in the focus and message of the UNCTAD Creative Economy Reports. The UNESCO Report aims at Widening Development Pathways and provides a balanced engagement with the relation between culture and development. It is a welcome addition to the creative economy debate that is now uncontestably global in scope. In spite of many perks, there is always room for improvement. First, there is a need for more critical engagement with examples, including bad ones. Second, mobility and visa issues among artists remain a concern. Third, the problematic opposition of developed and developing countries is no longer useful. Finally, the limited historical framing of (cultural) policy issues often leads to myopic thinking.     

Expressive Logic: A New Premise in Arts Advocacy

This article traces the origins of cultural management education in Europe and explores trends in the development of educational and training programs in the field. The article then assesses the role of international organizations and networks active in the sphere of culture and education and in stimulating growth of the sector. Finally, the article outlines current EU policies that affect the way education and training or cultural management may develop in European countries.     

Technical Standards and Institutionalization Processes in New Deal Art Projects

While some practitioners adopt a reductionist approach to inquiry in the cultural management discourse, this article is a critical reflection upon the practice of cultural management as an academic discipline. The article deals with a theoretical framework on how to formulate cultural management strategies that promote the sharing of cultural values throughout the global community. The article traces the history of graduate education in arts management from the late 1960s to the present, as well as discussing policy, research reports, and programs that have helped to build arts management as a comprehensive field of study. Though multidisciplinary in conception, the article posits that practitioners should acquire general training in the management sciences and proceed to professionalize in one distinct field of the arts and culture. Relevant courses in the social sciences and business studies should be incorporated as well. Five critical domains of cultural planning are discussed—arts and culture, citizenship and identity, spatial culture, communications, media and planning—as major concerns for the successful training of dynamic arts managers. The authors predict a time when cultural management will cease to be an adjunct discipline and become an independent school within the university system.     

Women,family, and small business in late nineteenth century Sweden

In Sweden, unmarried women and widows had a long historical tradition of involvement in the retail trades and in handicrafts. They supervised enterprises between the death of their husbands and another male heir, and poor women had the right to become hawkers or innkeepers. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the number of unmarried women increased, and the authorities wanted to open new trades in which women could earn their own living and not become an economic burden on local government. Given these new possibilities, women developed several different strategies, which can be seen in the three Swedish towns of Sundsvall, Härnösand, and Umeå when their business history of the later part of the nineteenth century is examined. Women's business involvements exhibit the older patterns of family survival, but now add motives having to do with status maintenance and emancipation.