Restoring accountability in pretrial release: the Philadelphia pretrial release supervision experiments

As drug arrests and jail overcrowding added pressure to increase pretrial release in localities during the 1980s and 1990s, the need to manage a larger and higher-risk pretrial population of defendants awaiting adjudication in the community became a high priority for justice agencies. In the late 1990s Philadelphia officials sought to discover the ingredients of a successful supervision strategy through four interlinked field experiments to provide an empirical basis for a major reform of the pretrial release system. The results of the linked randomized experiments question common assumptions about “supervision,” its impact and effectiveness, about the underlying nature of the noncompliant defendant, and deterrence implications. The study emphasizes the importance of interpreting the findings in the context of implementation of the policy reform. Findings suggest that facilitative notification strategies wield little influence on defendant behavior and that deterrent aims are undermined by the system's failure to deliver consequences for defendant noncompliance during pretrial release. The most significant contribution of the article is its illustration of a major evidence-based policy reform undertaken by a major court system.     

Jurisprudential Dilemmas of European Law

Making a first sketch of philosophical issues arising fromEuropean Community law I want to present a series ofmore or less obvious, and more or less interrelated dilemmas,or even double binds.(i) Deepening the community becomes incompatible withwidening membership. (ii) National states seem bothnecessary for and obstructive in articulating transnationalproblems. (iii) The more democracy is needed as a warrantfor the public exercise of political power in Europe, themore the very concept of democracy on a European scaleevades understanding. (iv) European unity presupposes aunifying rule of law, while member states have radicallydifferent conceptions of this principle. (v) Even the verycore of European integration, the common market, is subjectto two conflicting and, indeed, incompatible doctrines ofcompetition. In explaining the nature of each dilemma I willtry to take my cue from the Maastricht Treaty wherever thisseems suitable. Then I will elaborate on the jurisprudentialproblems involved in it. Finally, each section will be closedby an attempt to state the nature of these problems inphilosophical terms.     

2004年银行监管展望

2004年银行监管要在坚持法人监管、风险监管、内控监管和透明监管的新理念指导下,努力实现监管战略的七大转变和监管体系的四个完善;认真履行世贸承诺,加强外资银行监管,扩大国际金融监管合作.     

论《外资金融机构管理条例实施细则》的修订

随着我国银行业的进一步对外开放和监管法律框架的不断完善,为促进外资金融机构的安全、健康发展,我国对原《外资金融机构管理条例实施细则》进行修订和完善。本文从新《细则》的修订入手,通过比较我国和美国监管法的不同,论述了新《细则》修订的必要性、科学性及前瞻性。     

民主监督:以民制权的现实选择

绝对的、没有制约的权力必然走向腐败.而要防止权力滥用,制止腐败现象的滋生,就要对权力进行制约.要完善我国现行权力制约机制,除了不断完善我国现有的人大监督、司法监督和行政监督,加强以权力制约权力,即以权制权外,还必须加强人民群众对权力的制约,即以民制权.而民主监督就是以民制权的现实选择.     

新中国成立初期的山西民主建政工作

各界人民代表会议制度 ,是新中国成立初期党和政府联系群众以及人民参与管理国家政权的最好组织形式。新中国建立初期山西民主建政工作的深入开展 ,有效地保证了政府及其工作人员的廉洁高效和人民群众当家做主权利的实现。     

关于金融监管与金融发展的若干问题

对金融监管的内涵、目标、职能等方面的分析 ,在于使我们加深对我国金融监管体系制度变革方面重要性的认识。在完善我国金融监管体系的建议对策中 ,要重视对金融监管与金融创新、发展关系的研究 ,金融监管一定要服从服务于金融创新、金融发展 ,没有创新、发展的监管是没有生命力的     

基层工会选举的民主政治意义

基层工会民主选举工作具有重要的民主政治意义,它直接为基层政治民主建设奠定深厚的群众基础。基层工会民主选举,既能在职工群众中普及民主知识,提高民主素质,又能锻炼提高职工群众的民主能力,并对经济发展、社会稳定起到直接的作用,有利于我国民主政治建设健康有序地发展。     

毛泽东对党的建设的伟大贡献

党的建设是一个伟大的历史过程，要推进党的建设新的伟大工程，必须对八十多年来党的建设的理论与实践进行认真的研究。而研究毛泽东对党的建设的伟大贡献对于加强和改进党的建设仍具有深远的意义。毛泽东对党的建设的伟大贡献主要表现在：着重从思想上、政治上和组织上建党，党的建设要与党的政治路线相联系，民主集中制是党的组织原则，要毫不动摇地坚持党的领导权，走群众路线。     

论陈云对新时期党建理论的贡献

陈云十分重视党的建设。在改革开放和现代化建设的新时期,他深刻分析我党建设的现状和存在的问题,总结历史和现实的经验教训,在思想建设、组织建设、作风建设和政治生活上提出了一些真知灼见,对我党的建设和发展以及我国社会主义现代化建设作出了贡献。