论南海海洋生态补偿法律机制及其实现途径

生态补偿作为一种有效的经济手段在环境保护中已经得到广泛运用。随着经济的快速发展,中国海洋生态资源破坏日趋严重,开展海洋生态资源生态补偿研究有利于利用经济的手段解决海洋生态资源面临的问题。随着南海资源开发的深入与南海纠纷问题的剧增,南海海洋生态环境面临巨大的压力,建立南海海洋生态法律补偿是保护南海海洋生态环境的有效措施。     

Measuring Desiccation Using Qualitative Changes: A Step Toward Determining Regional Decomposition Sequences

The creation of a regional decomposition scoring system for western Colorado provides a model for the creation of regional systems. The development of a scoring system requires: (1) human remains, not proxies, (2) longitudinal observations, and (3) large sample size. First, an enhanced system (total body desiccation score; TBDS) was developed through observations of 40 human remains. This effort produced a categorical scoring model augmented by qualitative categories of gross tissue change. The new model was tested with retrospective photographic packets. A sample of eight donors with data collected over 3 years was selected. Monthly data points over a maximum of a 3‐year period yielded 112 data points. Correlations between TBDS and accumulated degree‐days (ADD), and total body score (TBS) and ADD were approximately equal for a TBS below ~20, but the TBDS correlated better with ADD at higher TBS scores >20. The TBDS may be used to refine postmortem interval (PMI) models in areas where remains desiccate.     

环保行政判决的结构分析及其制度意蕴——以2016年度203份环保行政判决文书为分析对象

以结构化的形式对2016年度203份环保行政判决文书加以分析发现:原告都是私营身份的企业和自然人;律师参与环保案件的比例偏低;被告大多是县级环保行政机关;案由主要是不服行政处罚案件;案件多发生在东部地区;被告败诉的判决文书占比接近20%,败诉率偏高;环保行政机关多在年中实施采样,执法频率不均衡;环保行政机关使用最为频繁的行政手段为罚款;受质疑最多行政手段依然是罚款;最为重要的争议点是是否遵守法定程序;不同省份之间实施罚款数额差异巨大;因违反法定程序而被人民法院撤销的案件占比高达73%;原告多因主张事实不成立而被人民法院判决驳回;人民法院对每一起案件都进行理由叙明;环评类、水污染类和大气污染类案件属于争议最多的环保行政案件。这些发现对于环境法行动者具有重要的制度意蕴,诸如强化县级环保行政机关对法定程序的遵循,注重对环评、水和大气污染领域的行政执法;促进代理律师对环保行政案件的参与;增强对社会公众环境科学知识的普及;提升环境问题制造者自觉遵守环境法律意识等。     

"那"生态文化资本的历史运演及其对中国-东盟文化交流的作用

以壮族为主体的那文化,蕴涵着丰富的生态审美对策与不同民族相互认同的文化机理.作为东南亚多个民族共有的文化资本,它的历史运演,对于中国-东盟的文化交流具有十分重要的意义.     

The welfare courts: A socio-legal analysis of risk management through modern strict liability

The aim of the essay is to offer an adequate theoretical framework for a socio-legal analysis of risk management by the legal system. Law and risk are the two most important concepts to be clarified. Unlike the law, whose function consists in the temporal stabilisation of normative expectations, the perspective of risk is characterised by the possibility of changing the criteria for decisions based upon the evaluation of the consequences of those decisions. In the context of a modern society, characterised by an increasing demand for protection for people injured by new technologies, one observes certain difficulties in the attempt to adopt a risk perspective within the legal system. The result of this process is the new law of tort based upon the modern principles of strict liability. While strict liability can be shown to be effective in managing conflicts relating to technological accidents, its most negative effects are the increasing instability of legal structures and interference with the activities of other subsystems of society, such as medicine and the economy.     

人类生存的诗意之源--论人与自然环境关系的美学建构

人类生存与发展的需求 ,总是促使其与自然环境保持一种根本性的关系 ,但要真正实现“和谐共存” ,则必须建立相适的制衡机制。其中 ,关键性的问题 ,是要实现对于人自身的调节 ,而调节的重心则是要抑制贪欲 ,高扬诗性 ,建立起富有审美特质的关系。此可谓是当代背景下新的生存理性的自觉     

构建我国水污染税制的设想

在市场经济条件下,必须更多地运用税收手段促进水资源保护和水污染治理,开征水污染税很有必要。我国制定水污染税应遵循:“污染者付费”、“专税专用”的原则。     

宏观制度视野中的现代企业理论:框架和意义

考察企业的合约性质与制度安排是现代企业理论的主要内容。然而企业并非天然存在或事先给定,现实中的企业制度也都带有明显的"异质性"。其原因在于,不仅企业博弈均衡的内在逻辑必须以一定的外在制度为前提,而且具体企业制度本身也是制度环境选择的结果。现代企业理论必须赋予自身以"宏观制度之维"才能对此做出令人信服的解释。