Street Trees,the Private Finance Initiative and Participatory Regeneration: Policy Innovation or Incompatible Perspectives

In common with other northern cities, Sheffield has experienced a dramatic reduction in funding from central government. Its response has been twofold. Firstly, to reduce the cost of service delivery, in part through augmenting or replacing public sector service provision through transfer to voluntary bodies and/or the private sector; the latter through private finance initiative (PFI) contracts. Secondly, the local authority has sought to promote economic regeneration through increased citizen involvement and participation. The problem for this combined strategy is that the two approaches have clashed over a previously underrated and overlooked area of public provision, namely the maintenance of street trees. Issues relating to the design of the contract, the economic imperative inherent within PFI contracts, initial reaction to popular protests, and reluctance to acknowledge the authority of alternative perspectives, have combined to undermine the salience of the participatory regeneration model for key sections of the local community.     

Dynamics of protest and electoral politics in the Great Recession

This article links the consequences of the Great Recession on protest and electoral politics. It innovates by combining the literature on economic voting with social movement research and by presenting the first integrated, large-scale empirical analysis of protest mobilisation and electoral outcomes in Europe. The economic voting literature offers important insights on how and under what conditions economic crises play out in the short-run. However, it tends to ignore the closely connected dynamics of opposition in the two arenas and the role of protests in politicising economic grievances. More specifically, it is argued that economic protests act as a ‘signalling mechanism’ by attributing blame to decision makers and by highlighting the political dimension of deteriorating economic conditions. Ultimately, massive protest mobilisation should, thus, amplify the impact of economic hardship on the electoral losses of incumbents and mainstream parties more generally. The empirical analysis to study this relationship relies on an original semi-automated protest event dataset combined with an updated dataset of electoral outcomes in 30 European countries from 2000 to 2015. The results indicate that the dynamics of economic protests and electoral punishment are closely related and point to a destabilisation of European party systems during the Great Recession.     

产业联盟与“能源诅咒”:委内瑞拉与俄罗斯的现代化“宿命”

古典经济学认为,能源大规模出口的财富效应有助于推动出口国的经济增长,然而20世纪70年代以来世界主要能源出口国经济增长普遍放缓甚至停滞的残酷现实表明,丰富的能源很可能并非推动经济增长的"祝福",而是拖累经济的"诅咒"。为了探讨诱使能源出口国陷入"能源诅咒"的原因及其作用机制,本文基于产业联盟理论建立了涵盖能源出口国现代化起点、政体类型、出口条件的分析框架,重点分析上述三个因素对能源产业联盟实力强弱的影响。通过对能源出口国主要政治与经济数据的定量分析以及对委内瑞拉和俄罗斯陷入"能源诅咒"的案例研究,本文发现,能源出口国的现代化起点较晚、实行威权政体、出口条件改善催生了强大的能源产业联盟,并巩固和扩大了其相较于其他产业联盟的实力差距。强大的能源产业联盟贡献了巨额税汇、提供了畸形补贴、左右了选举结果,由此诱使政府与政治家对其形成了病态的依赖,限制了其他产业的发展并最终拖累了经济增长。     

论军事文化的经济价值

军事文化对社会经济发展有积极促进的一面 ,这种促进作用是在军事文化与社会文化的互动中实现的。军事文化的经济价值主要由战争特点所决定 ,具体表现在军事科学理论知识、军事伦理价值观、军事谋略与思维、军事组织管理对经济技术发展的作用上     

20世纪90年代我国教育发展对经济增长的贡献研究

本文采用丹尼森的方法 ,计算了 2 0世纪 90年代我国教育发展对国内生产总值年均增长率的贡献。与发达国家相比 ,我国教育的经济效益尚存在明显差距。随着教育产业的发展 ,教育对国民经济增长的贡献将日益增强。     

中国加入WTO的电子商务发展对策

全球经济一体化与电子商务关系的研究,对于认识中国加入WTO所带来的电子商务的发展是非常重要的.中国的经济竞争力要注入活力,就必须利用现代化的技术与思想来加速市场化进程,而加快发展电子商务对于加快我国改革开放,形成内外驱动力,迅速缩短与发达国家和地区的差距,实现跨越式发展,加快中国融入经济一体化进程将起到重要的作用.     

论加入WTO对中国经济法制的影响

加入WTO将会对我国经济法制产生重要影响,这种影响主要体现在经济立法和法律适用等方面.在经济立法方面,我国将根据WTO国际规则和已作出的承诺,相应修改及增加经济立法的规定,受影响的主要是外贸立法和外资立法领域.在法律适用方面,这种影响体现为国内法院和行政机关如何使WTO国际规则在国内得以实施.     

论经济全球化与中国的现代化

中国人对现代化的追寻已有百余年的历史,直到1978年,我们才真正找到一条符合中国国情的现代化道路.现代化既是一个历史性范畴,也是一个世界性范畴,因此,我们的现代化必须在开放的状态下完成.对外开放是我们的必然选择,中国必须融入经济全球化的潮流,经济全球化在给我们的现代化带来机遇的同时,也会带来挑战.对此,我们必须有足够清醒的认识,并采取相应的对策,以趋利避害.     

中国的宏观经济发展战略：跨世纪审视与前瞻

中国的宏观经济发展战略经历了现代化发展、产业结构调整、区域协调发展和制度转型改革等四个战略层面的探索和实践.面对新世纪,中国应采取以人力资本为依托的人本型经济发展战略.