高校毕业生就业协议书中的违约金条款的适用性探讨——比较视角下的就业协议与劳动合同中的违约金问题

通过对高校毕业生就业协议的性质及其他与劳动合同中违约佥馨款的内涵分析．认为就业协议作为民事预约合同,其违约责任不同于劳动合同中的违约责任。实践中对就业协议及劳动合同关系的误读是毕业生与用人单位发生纠纷的原因之一。通过相应的比较分析．对高校毕业生就业协议所涉问题提出几点建议。     

Hybrids and Contradictions: Human Resource Management in the Contemporary Public Sector

Public employment is a dynamic field of study, buffeted by the ever-changing and reforming public sector environment and by external events such as changing demographics and the global financial crisis. This first article to the special edition on contemporary public sector human resources provides a broad overview of recent developments, starting with the nature of public sector reforms and proceeding with analysis of the far-reaching effects on public employment. For many western countries, this has led to a hybrid model of old and new practices, with many internal contradictions and a confusing array of accountabilities. The new arrangements led to a de-privileging of public servants through reductions in merit and tenure. They also reduced the institutional capacity of central personnel institutions to co-ordinate and monitor public employment and public management. The article proceeds with a review of the implications of these changes in the face of new challenges such as skills shortages and economic pressures. This overview provides a backdrop for the variety of articles presented in the special edition.

Peter Blunt, Mark Turner, and Henrik Lindroth's “Patronage, Service Delivery, and Social Justice in Indonesia” appears in the International Journal of Public Administration, Volume 35, Issue 3, 2013, pp. 214—220. doi:10.1080/01900692.2011.641050. It is related to this special issue's content.     

社会资本对独立学院毕业生就业的促进作用

与普通高校相比,独立学院毕业生的就业问题具有一定的特殊性,如用人单位的统计性歧视及其与独立学院和毕业生之间的信息不对称、“母体优势”及家庭背景特殊性的消极影响,等等。从独立学院及其毕业生的特点来看,积累和动员社会资本将有利于促进毕业生就业。为了促进毕业生就业,独立学院需打造品牌特色,扩大社会知名度,增强社会影响力,健全就业指导机构,创新毕业生就业指导模式,建立校友会,开拓校友资源;而毕业生需动员家庭和亲属社会资源,扩大自己的个人网络规模,通过增加个人社会资本存量来拓宽就业信息渠道和增加就业机会。     

社会资本论视角下的“拼爹游戏”解析

在就业竞争越来越激烈的形势下,＂拼爹游戏＂日益严重,这种现象引起了社会各界的广泛关注。从社会资本论角度看,＂拼爹游戏＂是子女对父母所拥有的社会资源的承袭,这种现象的发展,会造成社会规范失控,妨碍社会流动,不利于实现社会公平。     

回应性治理：破解返乡农民工就业保障难题

随着经济社会的发展、新农村建设的推进以及金融危机向实体经济的蔓延,部分沿海中、小型企业不得不暂时歇业停产,造成了不稳定的就业环境,导致返乡农民工就业保障问题日益突出。政府为此采取的应对措施并没有取得显著的成效,其关键在于缺乏对返乡农民工群体就业现实需求的反馈和回应。回应性治理强调与民众的交流与沟通,提倡互动决策,可以为破解返乡农民工就业保障难题提供全新的视角。     

It is the worst time in living history to be a law graduate: or is it? Does Australia have too many law graduates?

According to the Australian legal profession and media, law schools are producing too many graduates relative to the number of vacancies within the profession. This claim, however, is hardly new. This paper identifies a number of junctions at which there has been concern about the overproduction of law graduates, showing that this discourse appears during periods of major economic stress. It also shows that until the most recent episode of concern, the perception that there are too many law graduates relative to employment opportunities has not been supported by empirical evidence. In the past, the increasing supply of law graduates has been met with increasing demand. However, the legal profession is now facing unprecedented market competition and restructure, and opportunities in the profession for new graduates have declined. This still does not mean that the law schools are producing too many graduates. The current cohort of graduates is likely to continue into a professional occupation, although not necessarily in private legal practice, and there is a lack of lawyers working in disadvantaged communities.     

A NEW LOOK AT THE EMPLOYMENT AND RECIDIVISM RELATIONSHIP THROUGH THE LENS OF A CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK*

Criminal background checks are increasingly being incorporated into hiring decisions by employers. Although originally uncompromising—almost anyone with a criminal record could be denied employment—court rulings and policy changes have forced criminal background checks to become more nuanced. One motivation for allowing more individuals with criminal records to work is to decrease recidivism and encourage desistance. In this article, we estimate the causal impact of receiving a clearance to work on subsequent arrests for individuals with criminal records who have been provisionally hired to work in certain nonlicensed health‐care jobs in New York State (N = 6,648). We employ an instrumental variable approach based on a substantive understanding of the state‐mandated criminal background check process. We examine age‐graded effects within this group of motivated individuals and differential effects by sex in the rapidly growing health‐care industry, which is typically dominated by women. Our estimated local average treatment effect indicates a 2.2‐percentage‐point decrease in the likelihood of a subsequent arrest in 1 year and a 4.2‐percentage‐point decrease over 3 years. We find meaningful variations by sex; men are 8.4 percentage points less likely to be arrested over the 3‐year period when cleared compared with a 2.4‐percentage‐point (and nonsignificant) effect for women. Older women in particular are driving the nonsignificant results for women.     

女大学生就业性别歧视的经济学分析

近年来,高校扩招后女大学毕业生在就业中遭受性别歧视的问题日益严重。从经济学角度看,造成这种状况的原因包括:扩招背景下女大学毕业生的供过于求;政策失灵;生儿育女和操持家务等属于非市场劳动;统计性歧视等。我们应该采取针对性措施解决女大学生就业中的性别歧视问题。     

2002年北京地区大学生就业状况调查报告

2002年就业情况在连续三年中最差,大学生就业观念更加开放,考研成为大学生的群体行为,大学生就业期望值居高不下,大学毕业生对国有企业较冷淡引起人才市场的不平衡,大学"考证热"急需降温,信息、政策、公平是大学毕业生关注的焦点问题。     

略论经管类专业人才培养模式的创新

如何创新经管类专业的人才培养模式,将人们潜意识中的“软”专业建设成为受市场和企业欢迎的“硬”专业,本文创造性地提出了一系列的解决方案：在校企合作模式上强调专业文化与企业文化的融合,建立学生、学校、企业三赢的校企合作模式;在专业内部加强专业核心骨干课程内容的硬化改造,优化课程体系,加强综合实训课程的建设;在专业外部构建经管类各专业互为支撑的生态体系,以拓宽学生的专业视野和就业渠道。