Youth employment and post-war development in Jaffna,northern Sri Lanka

Jaffna District in northern Sri Lanka has recently emerged from three decades of violence and isolation, leading to a diverse array of political, social and economic issues. This article critically analyses the links between youth employment and the post-war reconstruction and development of this region. Unemployment among youth is regarded as a potential threat to the stability of the country during the post-war period, and it is argued that only through the active engagement of Sri Lanka’s youth population can the threat of a resurgence in violence be fully eliminated. The article, which is based on recent field research, examines the extent of youth unemployment within Jaffna District, and considers how government, non-government and community-based actors are working together to solve related problems.     

生育政策变化对女性权益影响的实证分析--基于北京市妇女的调查数据

二孩政策的全面推行是基于人口老龄化等诸多因素综合考虑而形成的政策决议,对于优化我国的人口结构有着重要意义。然而,女性作为生育的责任主体,劳动就业、婚姻家庭等自身权益势必会在生育过程中受到诸多影响。为更好地保障女性的合法权益,必须建立全面的女性权益保障机制,以保障女性在生育下一代后依然有机会平等参与经济社会生活。     

Positive engagement and support for single‐parent families: Building bridges across sector boundaries

The high rate of joblessness among single‐parent families in Australia, relative to other organisation for OECD countries has resulted in the development of various government initiatives designed to support single parents to prepare for and gain employment. The ParentsNext pilot program that began in March 2016, in 10 socially and economically deprived areas throughout Australia, is the most recent Federal Government program aimed at connecting parents with young children into local activities that will build their confidence, skills, and networks and ultimately prepare for future employment. The ParentsNext pilot program is delivered through contracted providers in each of the 10 disadvantaged areas. WISE Employment, a national not‐for‐profit organization together with its local partner, Youth Family and Community Connections, delivers the pilot program in Burnie, Tasmania. This article discusses the findings of a study, which examined the implementation of ParentsNext in Burnie and provides insights to inform and improve practice outcomes.     

浅析美国华人餐饮业的现状

作为一代又一代美国华人移民多数人主要的谋生手段,华人餐饮业面临着激烈的竞争。为此,一些中小型华人餐饮业相继使用廉价的新移民劳动力甚至非法入境的"黑工"。但廉价的劳动力的使用并不能彻底改变华人餐饮业恶性竞争的困境,而且,一些华人员工开始运用法律,维护自身权益。与此同时,华人餐饮业在一如既往地关心祖国发展的同时,踊跃参与美国生活,并积极与时俱进,谋求与美国社会的同步发展。同时餐饮业主也不放弃致力于国家移民政策的改变,以企获得更多的新移民劳动力。     

终身雇用制历史考察

终身雇用制是一个内涵丰富的概念。它的最初形态为江户时代的奉公人制度 ;在明治维新后近代资本主义工矿业企业得到初期发展的基础上 ,经过甲午战争、日俄战争 ,于第一次世界大战以后 ,开始进入制度化阶段 ;在战前军国主义统制经济体制下初步确立 ;在战后民主化改革和经济恢复的基础上得到继承和发展 ;在 6 0年代日本经济进入高速成长阶段以后发展成熟并最终确立 ,成为战后日本经济成功的重要原因之一。终身雇用制出现伊始 ,就是后进社会日本对封建传统妥协的产物 ,其中蕴涵着它自身的矛盾性。     

Uncovering: The Economic Benefits of LGBT Workplace Inclusion

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people constitute approximately five percent of the population, but workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity remains troublingly commonplace. This article summarizes a large and growing body of social science research demonstrating the economic benefits of LGBT inclusion (and the costs of LGBT exclusion) in the workplace. It concludes with recommendations for (1) future research, stressing the need for more China-specific studies, which would inform policymaking and theoretical understanding of diversity and inclusion practices on business performance, (2) improving employer LGBT-inclusion policies, and (3) strengthening state protection of the equal employment rights of LGBT people.     

我国劳动力结构的演变及其影响研究

劳动力是经济增长的关键要素之一,其变化对我国经济社会发展有着深刻影响.本研究根据第七次全国人口普查主要数据,结合改革开放后以往人口普查数据和分年度人口数据,分析了我国劳动力结构的演变规律及可能带来的影响.研究发现,40余年来,我国劳动力结构发生了根本性的变化,并开始面临劳动年龄人口减少、抚养负担加重、劳动力地区分布不均...     

就业歧视的经济法解决机制分析

体现国家渗透市场理念的经济法是以市场与政府的互动结构作为自身分析和解决社会经济问题的通常机制。而就业歧视问题则体现了市场调节失灵和政府管制缺陷的两难境地,其形成机理与经济法的基本机理具有相通之处。因此,经济法解决机制将成为解决就业歧视问题的理想选择。     

新形势下我国制造业就业面临的重大机遇、主要挑战及对策研究

当前世界面临百年未有之大变局,数字经济发展、逆全球化和区域经济一体化以及新冠肺炎疫情不断加大产业链供应链传导压力。研究认为,在全新发展形势下,制造业就业面临着产业链延伸不断衍生新岗位新职业、传统制造业转型推动劳动者转岗提质以及区域经济合作加强助力提升就业能力的重大机遇;同时,也面临着国际间在智能制造领域竞争更加激烈、关键核心链条技术人才存在较大缺口,以及数字经济过度服务化加大就业风险等主要挑战。为更好适应变化的新形势,研究建议：我国应加强制造业关键核心技术人才供给体系建设,把握区域经济合作机遇,提升制造业领域人才竞争力,强化内外循环全产业链协同,推动人才要素实现有序流动。