党的十九届六中全会决议中的法治要义

十九届六中全会通过的《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》是党关于历史问题的第三个专门性决议。该《决议》全面总结了新中国成立以后社会主义革命和建设的历史经验,对一些重大历史事件和重要历史人物作出了实事求是的评价。该《决议》对我们党尊重法律、遵守法律、依靠法律和捍卫法律的百年奋斗历史作了全面系统的概括和总结,对党依法执政的历史成就和重要经验进行了系统性地归纳,为中国特色社会主义法治建设指明了继续前进的方向。该《决议》关于我们党依法办事、依法执政重大成就和历史经验的全面系统归纳和总结是通过决议文本中的139个“法”字以及由“法”构成的词组来科学地加以表述的。对十九届六中全会通过的《决议》中的“法”字进行系统性的归纳和总结,可以提炼出十九届六中全会决议中的法治要义,全面和系统地呈现中国共产党依法执政、依法治国、依法办事的百年奋斗的历史脉络。     

Understanding Turkish secularism in the 21th century: a contextual roadmap

ABSTRACT

This paper asserts that Turkish secularism and Islamism represent two faces of one coin – contemporary Turkish politics – when one considers their goals and strategies. The two ideological movements have shaped one another and each now seeks to impose itself as superior. This article unpacks these differences and similarities in the following steps: (a) it defines the socio-historic modes of Turkish secularism and (b) examines its social and political origins; (c) it then explores Islam’s return to the public domain as an oppositional Turkish identity; (d) and thereafter considers the diverse understandings of secularism resulting from neoliberal policies that relaxed state control over Islam, which then prompted socially-acceptable reinterpretations of Islam; and finally (e) describes how the AKP’s has re-imagined secularism while (mis)using Islam as a political instrument. The comparison highlights such commonalties as a collectivist character, a desire for state control as a vehicle to realize an ideology, intolerance of diversity and criminalization of other perspectives, and the differentiation of religion as morality in the private sphere versus its cultural role in the public sphere. It concludes that, under the AKP government, Islam is used as a tool to consolidate the power of Erdo?an’s kleptocratic regime.     

输血安全法的比较研究

在世界范围内,关于输血安全的法律调整有一个认识与发展的过程。现今两大法系殊途同归,就血液是产品,实行严格责任,用输血保险转嫁风险等,有了共识与规范。从比较法研究中,我们可以获得启示与借鉴,顺应历史潮流,构建我国输血安全法律制度,促进社会和谐。     

新世纪以来陈云生平与思想研究述评

文章对学术界在陈云研究中取得的重要学术成果作了较为详细的介绍、梳理和述评,较全面地反映了陈云研究的新水平。文章分为新世纪以来陈云生平与思想研究概况、陈云主要思想研究的新进展、再深入研究的建议三部分,以期能推动陈云生平与思想研究的深入发展。     

党的先进性建设与多党合作制度的巩固和发展

先进性建设是中国共产党在新世纪的一项根本性建设,它与中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度有着密切的关系,关系着这一有中国特色的社会主义政党制度,即我国的基本政治制度能否更加巩固和继续发展,关系着中国共产党的执政地位能否更加巩固和执政地位是否坚强有力。从一定的意义上说,这样认识党的先进性建设问题,党的先进性建设才能确确实实地落在实处,达到通过党自身的先进性建设促进国家和社会发展的目的,实现坚持和发展多党合作和政治协商制度的目的。     

高举“三个代表“重要思想伟大旗帜三题

为什么"三个代表"重要思想从提出到被确立为党的指导思想仅用了不到三年的时间?为什么党的十六大在十五大把邓小平理论确立为党的指导思想后不久,又把"三个代表"重要思想确立为党的指导思想?如何真正高举起"三个代表"重要思想的旗帜?文章试对这三方面的问题作一些探讨.     

Broadcasting party information: Can the introduction of community radio reduce the effective number of parties?

The introduction of a more majoritarian electoral system is expected to result in the consolidation of a party system as predicted by institutionalists. However, voters must have information on party viability and be able to coordinate with other voters within a constituency for an electoral system reform to have the expected outcome. I argue that the introduction of independent local radio frequencies can promote party consolidation by enabling coordination on viable candidates because of better information that becomes common knowledge. The effective number of parties (ENEP) is expected to be lower in constituencies where a larger proportion of voters listen to local radio. To test this hypothesis, access to television signals is used as an instrument for radio listening behavior to address potential reverse causality. Using 2SLS, I find that an increase in one standard deviation in regular radio listening is associated with a decrease of 0.42 ENEP in Thailand.     

Those who Wear the Crown Wield the Knife: the Brutality of Recent Takeover Reshuffles

Recent ‘takeover’ Prime Ministers have tended to conduct relatively brutal Cabinet reshuffles immediately after taking office. Liz Truss dismissed and moved large numbers of ministers after becoming Prime Minister in September 2022, and Rishi Sunak did the same after succeeding Truss in October 2022. This article locates the tendency towards brutalism in the broader context of British Cabinet reshuffles. It compares the scale of takeover reshuffles with other types of reshuffles and demonstrates how incoming takeover Prime Ministers in the twenty-first century have reconstructed their Cabinets more extensively than their predecessors. The article argues that the use of all-member ballots in party leadership elections has been a key driver of brutalism, and it further identifies several reasons why future Prime Ministers might want to resist the tendency.     

The government behind insurance governance: Lessons for ransomware

The insurance as governance literature focuses on the ability of private enterprises to collectively regulate, pool, and distribute risks. This paper analyzes how governments support insurance markets to maintain insurability and limit risks to society. We propose a new conceptual framework grouping government interventions into three dimensions: regulation of risky activity, public investment in risk reduction, and co-insurance. We apply this framework to six case studies, describing insurance markets' reliance on public support in more analytically precise terms. We analyze how mature insurance markets overcame insurability challenges akin to those currently presented by extortive cybercrime. Private governance struggled when markets grew too big for informal coordination or when (tail) risks escalated. Government interventions vary widely. Some governments prioritize supporting economic activity while others concentrate on containing risks. Governments also choose between risk reduction and ex post socialization of losses. We apply these insights to the market for ransomware insurance, discussing the merits and potential hazards of current proposals for government intervention.     

中国社会稳定与党的现代化探微

维护社会稳定是执政党的基本功能,而执政党自身的现代化程度及其相关变量对社会稳定有重要影响。只有把党的现代化与社会稳定双向互动结合起来考察,才能充分认识执政党自身现代化建设的紧迫性和重要性,进而探讨我党在中国社会稳定中的作用和中国社会稳定对自己提出的挑战,由此使我们党更加冷静、更加理性地思考和推动自身的现代化进程。