高校顶岗实习生劳动者主体资格之法理探析

劳动法规立法的空白与制度的缺失使对高校顶岗实习生能否具备劳动关系中的劳动者主体资格这一问题的研究提上了日程,理论研究的分野与司法实务的无序,引发了激烈的纷争.考察劳动者概念界定之立法体例与理论渊源,并结合现实立法对高校顶岗实习生能否具备劳动者主体资格进行法理评析,在此基础上,从完善劳动法规立法的视角出发对高校顶岗实习生法律身份的定位展开了理论构想与类型分析.     

山西省焦炭行业物流经营能力过剩的原因分析

物流经营能力是衡量一个行业发展程度的标准之一。山西省焦炭行业在经历了产能迅速扩张的发展过程后，随着产能过剩的逐步显现和日益严重化，焦炭行业的物流经营能力也随之呈现过剩乃至亏损的趋势，且程度逐步严重。盲目投资、技术落后、淘汰不彻底，是导致山西省焦炭行业物流经营能力过剩的主要因素。     

The effects of physical effort on police officers' perception and aggression in simulated shooting incidents

Abstract

In the present experiment the effects of physical effort on police officers' aggression and perception in simulates shooting incidents were investigated. Based upon Kahneman's (1973) variable-allocation capacity model it was hypothesized that physical effort will result in a decease in aggression towards aggressive offenders. Based upon Kahneman's model and Easterbrook's (1959) Cue-Utilization-Hypothesis it was further expected that this decrease in aggression will be caused by an incorrect judgement of the aggression of aggressive offenders (and not by an impaired perception). The findings confirmed these hypotheses.     

从负面涉警报道的应对析警察媒介素养教育的目标与途径

在现代社会,负面涉警报道屡见不鲜,公安机关一般都能正确对待,积极应对。但也有一部分干警不能以积极、平和的心态去对待新闻机构和媒体报道,暴露出了一些问题,体现了警察媒介素养的缺失。公安院校应该准确定位警察媒介教育的培养目标,明确警察媒介素养教育的内容和途径,指导干警进行媒体应对能力训练。     

劳动力价值视野下的死亡赔偿金

劳动者的生命能力丧失,其劳动能力必然丧失,而劳动能力是劳动者的财产,当劳动能力投入到劳动之中后,就会创造价值,劳动者以工资形式从其创造的价值中,分配到相当于劳动力成本部分的价值。这种价值为劳动者自身生存和发展所必须外,另外部分用于扶养家庭成员,或有剩余时以遗产的形式归继承人依法继承。当劳动者的生命被非法剥夺时,其利益关系人从劳动者可以获得利益的期望就会落空,因此,其就享有向侵权人主张这种逸失利益的请求权。这种逸失利益总和,不惟扶养利益,也不惟继承利益,应当是劳动者在余命年劳动力价值的总和,减去劳动者自身生存和发展所必须的费用。综合考量经常居住地、教育程度和年龄因素确定最终的死亡赔偿金。     

法人民事权利能力刍议

法人的民事权利能力问题在构建法人制度中具有基础性的意义。以法人民事权利能力的技术性本质和设计理由为基础进行分析,可以认为法人的民事权利制度与有限责任制度之间没有必然的联系,并且法人的目的不应当构成对法人民事权利能力的限制。     

论确认民事主体的标准——权利能力亦或法律人格

我国大多数学者均认为,民事主体的判断标准为权利能力,即一个生物意义上的人或社会团体组织只要具备了权利能力,即可成为民事主体,从而享有民事权利,承担民事义务。法律人格是现实主体参与法律关系的前提,民事能力是法律主体从事民事活动的可能性和范围,法律人格是民事能力的抽象,是确认民事主体的判断标准。     

The Law and Incapacity Determinations: A Conflict of Governance?

This article will consider the highly charged questions raised by two major sets of law reforms in England and Wales, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Mental Health Act 2007, which, although applying to closely related clinical populations, proceeded along entirely separate legislative paths. By justifying its proposals for reform of mental health legislation on the grounds of 'risk', the Government failed to take into account the implications of enforced treatment on patients who may retain decision-making capacity.     

Compatibility Between Mental Disorder and Mental Capacity: Analysis of a Particular Case of Group Sexual Homicide

Abstract: On the night of August 19, 2000, at the foot of Castel del Monte, an 8‐year‐old girl was brutally murdered. The perpetrators were identified as five young men who captured their victim and sexually abused her. The policemen found the cadaver by following “Mario,” one of the five, who had been discovered lying on the ground, near the castle. Investigation led to demonstrate that the murder was not premeditated. The only desire of the group was to sexually molest the little girl. Mario showed signs of psychiatric pathology and for that he underwent psychiatric evaluation by judicial authorities. Analysis of this case, combined with a criminological and medical‐legal perspective led to conclusions very much different from the expectations of Mario’s defense attorneys. Mario, a marginal figure and seemingly the least intelligent, played the role of group instigator, both in the initiation of sexually abusing the child, as well as in the elimination of an inconvenient witness. However, the group was able to activate Mario’s sadistic fantasies and his sexual perversions, and he ended up in a catalyzing role influencing the behavior of others and realizing what would otherwise remain only fantasies. The circularity of the group allows people like Mario, who are apparently subordinate, to influence the behavior of others. Mario was found to have a mental disorder but it was not sufficient to diminish his personal responsibility related to the crime. In fact, according to Italian judicial code, it is necessary that the motivation for the crime was psychopathological. It was for this reason that, according to Italian law, all of the members of the group were considered to be responsible for the crimes committed and were condemned.     

论未成年人民事行为能力及其所为民事行为之效力

未成年人尚未成年，对自己的行为缺乏全面的认识能力及预判能力，为了保护其利益，世界各国的民事法律制度，无不对其行为能力及其所为行为的效力进行必要的限制，我国亦同。我国现行的未成年人民事行为能力制度，存在着过于简单、笼统；缺乏对未成年人意思能力的应有尊重；与现实生活的实际状况相背离等缺陷不利于对相对人的权益保护，亟需完善。