过硫酸氢钾复合粉的杀菌效果试验

为考察过硫酸氢钾复合粉的体外杀菌活性及有机物、pH值、温度对其杀菌效果的影响,采用悬液定量杀菌试验进行了实验室观察。结果显示,0.312 5～2.5 g/L的过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌和猪链球菌均有杀灭作用,2.5 g/L过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒液与试验菌作用5 min,杀菌率均为100%。能量试验结果显示,过硫酸氢钾复合粉对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最低合格浓度为5 g/L,对多杀性巴氏杆菌和猪链球菌的最低合格浓度为1 g/L;较高温度和酸性环境可以显著增强过硫酸氢钾复合粉的杀菌效果,而高含量的小牛血清可以在一定程度上抑制消毒剂的杀菌活性。结果表明,过硫酸氢钾复合粉具有极强的杀菌效果,提高过硫酸氢钾复合粉的浓度和作用温度、延长作用时间或降低pH值可以增强其杀菌作用。     

Advising Australian Federal Governments: Assessing the Evolving Capacity and Role of the Australian Public Service

Internationally, there have been persistent complaints that the policy capacity of governments has declined. This critique is widely accepted, including in Australia, but for the most part, such claims are assertions, made without reference to empirical evidence and data. This introduction to the Special Issue examining the Policy Advisory Capacity of the Australian Public Service considers these assertions and proposes an approach and methodology to test the discourse of declining policy capacity in Australian federal government. It introduces six case studies from across the spectrum of the Commonwealth government's responsibilities. The Special Issue concludes with an article by Evert Lindquist and Anne Tiernan assessing the ability of the APS to support decision‐making through its policy advising functions and its preparedness to meet the challenges of 21st century governance.     

Perspectives on the Capacity of the Australian Public Service and Effective Policy Development and Implementation

It is a long held tradition of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) to invite speakers to address the Fellow's Colloquium as part of the annual symposium, with an aim to spark discussion and debate on a controversial and contemporary topic. In 2010 the debate was focused on the question of whether there had been a degradation of the professional capacity of the Australian Public Service (APS) with regard to effective policy development and implementation. The contributions of each of the four panel members are reproduced here, in part, and they reflect the diverse perspectives which informed a robust and compelling debate. Janine O'Flynn, the editor of these contributions, argues that any claim of degradation is based on rumour rather than hard evidence, and she sets out how we might think about policy capacity from a public sector management perspective. Sue Vardon, the former CEO of Centrelink and the architect of a transformation change program which redefined the delivery of public services in Australia, reflects on the strengths of the APS, but points out the current stresses that it now finds itself under. Anna Yeatman, an expert in political theory and its application to citizenship and public policy, argues that in the last twenty years we have witnessed degradation in the work of government and that this has impacted on policy capacity. Lyn Carson, an expert in deliberative democracy, points to the unrealised capacity that could come from increasing citizen involvement. Policy capacity is degraded, she argues, because we have systems that are neither deliberative nor representative. Individually these contributions spark their own controversies; together they ask us to consider the question in different ways.     

乡镇政府公共服务供给能力的制约因素与提升策略——以江苏省镇江市高桥镇为例

乡镇政府承担着规划和组织乡村公共设施、公益事业的建设,为农村提供公共产品和公共服务的重要责任,其提供服务的能力直接关系到农村的稳定和发展。本文探讨了乡镇政府公共服务供给能力的制约因素,在此基础上提出以下建议:建立城乡均衡的公共服务供给机制和乡镇政府公共服务问责制,促进乡镇经济发展,构建农村公共财政体系,提高政府工作人员的素质和能力,实现公共产品供给主体和方式的多样化,以提升我国乡镇政府的公共服务供给能力。     

The Evolution of Innovation Policy Governance Systems and Policy Capacities in the Baltic States

This paper analyzes the evolution of innovation policy (IP) governance systems in the Baltic States and discusses how this progression has influenced the development of long-term IP capacities. The Baltics must attend to their long-term policy capacities as they are going through a ‘catch-up’ process while being influenced by both historical socioeconomic legacies and pressures of the global political economy. At the same time, they have delegated key policy activities away from centers of policy making and moved toward increasingly fragmented IP governance models, which provide narrow feedback and policy learning mechanisms that complicate the creation of long-term policy capacities.     

转变农业发展方式 提高吉林省粮食综合生产能力

本文阐释了新形势下提高粮食综合生产能力的现实意义,通过分析影响吉林省粮食综合生产能力的主要因素,针对吉林省作为重要的粮食主产区和商品粮基地在粮食增产空间上的困境,从转变农业发展方式,提高粮食综合生产能力等方面提出建议。     

增强自主创新能力 加快转变经济发展方式

转变经济发展方式的关键是增强自主创新能力。本文认为,增强自主创新能力是社会经济发展到一定阶段的必然要求,是可持续经济发展的必然要求,是提高经济发展质量和效益的内在需求,是继续应对国际金融危机的迫切需要。因此,增强自主创新能力,加快经济发展方式转变,必须提高企业技术创新能力,建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系,优化科技创新环境,加强科技创新人才队伍建设。     

城市河流生态恢复能力评价指标

城市化是城市河流生态系统退化的重要驱动力,也是城市河流生态恢复的限制因素.为针对城市河流的实际情况,确定河流的生态恢复目标,避免浪费人力、物力,在已有成果的基础上,研究了城市不透水表面比率对河流生态的影响,以不透水表面比率为评价依据,选取不同评价因子,初步构建了退化城市河流生态恢复能力评价体系,依据评价等级确定了各指标的评价标准,为制定具体的河流修复目标及选择相应措施提供了重要依据.     

从《民法总则》第143条评我国法律行为规范体系的缺失

本文之目的在于从《民法总则》第143条入手来评价我国民法上的法律行为规范体系。"行为人具有相应的行为能力"在我国法上作为控制法律行为生效的要件之外,"意思能力"是否应该从"行为能力"中分出作为控制意思表示效力的要件从而使法律行为无效?例如,7岁的未成年人如果能够被证明有判断能力,不仅为侵权法上的"责任能力"留出接口,还可以为善意第三人保护、缔约过失责任留出适用空间;"意思表示真实"作为法律行为的控制要件,与整体的法律行为规范相矛盾。从其他规范来看,《民法总则》中的"意思表示"与法律行为的关系在内涵与外延、解释规则、合同解释等方面都存在问题;《民法总则》第43条中使用了"公序良俗"概念,但其与我国民法体系中使用的"社会公共利益"、"公共利益"概念的关系混乱,例如第143条使用"公序良俗",第185条又使用"社会公共利益",第117条又有"公共利益"。立法上应该用"公序良俗和公共利益"替代"社会公共利益"的概念。在征收制度中,只能用"公共利益"标准,但在限制行为自由方面,如法律行为无效,采用"公序良俗"和"公共利益"标准更合适。     

Police officers’ assessment of NPF reforms: evidence from an area command in Ondo state

This article analyses police officers’ assessment of the NPF reforms from an Area Command in Ondo State. Using a quantitative methodology, 305 police officers participated in the study. Results were presented and analysed using tables, percentages and means scores on a 5-point Likert scale. Findings reveal a low level of reform awareness among police officers. The article suggests that the NPF reforms were neither well-formulated nor adequately implemented. Even though the NPF reforms marginally but differentially improved the various aspects of police operational capacity, there was no much improvement in the overall police capacity and performance. The article shows that the performance and implementation of the NPF reforms in Ondo State have been constrained by corruption, inadequate funding, policy inconsistency, poor leadership and lack of reform communication to implementers, poor condition of service for officers, among others. The article concludes by attributing the poor performance of the NPF reforms to the unfavourable contexts in which the reforms were formulated and implemented.