民俗旅游村:活态文化保护与开发的一种载体

活态文化是一种精神文化遗产,也是一种现实存在的文化,它最主要的传承方式是口传心授。活态文化具有双重价值:一是存在价值,这是核心价值;二是经济价值,它是存在价值派生的直接和间接的经济价值。存在价值是源,经济价值是流,存在价值越大,潜在的经济价值也越大。     

论死刑之存在

最高人民法院收回死刑核准权,死刑案件二审开庭审理,这些严格控制死刑的举措都是在死刑领域贯彻宽严相济的刑事政策中“宽”的要求,“宽”与现在倡导的“和谐社会”的理念是吻合的。死刑在我国相当长的一段时期内存在,这是宽严相济的刑事政策中“严”的要求,我国的国情要求死刑的存在,死刑的成本并不高昂,自由刑的成本超过死刑。     

试析诸善冲突的根源和意义

所谓“诸善冲突”是指在人们意欲的各种好东西之间存在着对立抵触.由于它导致了人们只有通过取舍选择才有可能以放弃某种善为代价实现另一种善,从而形成善恶之间不可分割的紧密交织,结果就迫使人们不仅要诉诸善恶好坏的价值标准,而且还要诉诸是非对错的价值标准,并且从根本上决定了人的存在无法摆脱的内在有限性.     

汉字形体美学初论

汉字美学研究,应以汉字在现代和当代的发展以及受众的切实文化需求为背景,汉字美学的对象应该是汉字形体生成及其具体应用之美的所有主要方面,包括汉字作为书法艺术作品的美和汉字在具体生活应用中适应各种目的和场合,运用各种材料、工具、方法和手段而生成和呈现出来的各种形式之美,而不仅仅是传统书法艺术所论述的汉字书写的美。     

法的模糊性之存在论分析

法的模糊性是法律所具有的归属不完全的属性.它寓于法的存在论、价值论和认识论之中.从法的存在论看,法的模糊性显现为法本质的多面性.法律具有不完全归属于经济、政治、道德和理性或绝对理念的特性.     

从诉讼证明的角度看消极事实的特征

在诉讼证明中,法律事实乃是法官所认定的事实,从哲学意义上讲,法律事实与客观事实的关系就是思维与存在的关系。客观事实可分为积极事实和消极事实,二者是和谐统一的,积极事实在四维时空坐标中占据且只能占据一个确定的点,而不能同时占有两个点,相对于这个确切的点而言,这个点之外的所有空间都是消极事实;消极事实不是“不存在”的事实,而是指存在的状态为“无”的事实。消极事实不同于消极事实的主张,消极事实可以通过积极事实而得以证明。     

Friction Marks of Stabbing Tools in Tires

When receiving a stabbed tire for examination, forensic toolmark examiners can determine whether a suspect tool was used in a specific crime based on class-characteristics and individual-characteristics marks that have been left by the tool on the tire. This study discusses friction marks and their forensic value during the examination of a punctured tire. The term friction mark refers to the noticeable mark around the penetration area on a tire's surface. Tires designed to create high friction when contacting a road. Due to this design, friction is created between the stabbing tool shank and the sides of the hole. As a result of this friction, the shank of the stabbing tool wears the outer layer of tire around the hole. This leaves a friction mark whose general shape reflects the cross-sectional shape of the stabbing tool’s shank. This phenomenon was observed and named by Locke (7) in his evaluation of tire puncture marks with knives. This article demonstrates the same phenomenon with other types of stabbing tools. Test stabs were produced with different tools representing a variety of cross-sectional shapes of shanks, and the resulting friction marks were photo-documented and discussed. Correlations between the various cross-sectional shapes and their corresponding friction marks are shown. Based on friction mark examination, the examiner: (i) can infer suspect tool shank cross-sectional shape with the evaluation of the friction mark shape and (ii) can deduce the maximum dimensions of the shank. This examination simplifies and accelerates the forensic comparison procedure and the investigation time.     

论基本权利的发展趋势

基本权利是宪法的核心和关键,是宪法的生命和价值所在,是宪法之所以成为根本法的原因.通过历史和实证分析,探讨近代宪法和现代宪法在确认和保障公民基本权利方面的若干发展趋势,即由自由权发展到社会权,由法律保障发展为宪法保障,由国内保障发展为国际保障.基本权利的这些发展趋势对我国的宪政制度建设提出了若干引人深思的问题.     

Investigating the morphology and genetics of scalp and facial hair characteristics for phenotype prediction

Microscopic traits and ultrastructure of hair such as cross-sectional shape, pigmentation, curvature, and internal structure help determine the level of variations between and across human populations. Apart from cosmetics and anthropological applications, such as determining species, somatic origin (body area), and biogeographic ancestry, the evidential value of hair has increased with rapid progression in the area of forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP). Individuals differ in the features of their scalp hair (greying, shape, colour, balding, thickness, and density) and facial hair (eyebrow thickness, monobrow, and beard thickness) features. Scalp and facial hair characteristics are genetically controlled and lead to visible inter-individual variations within and among populations of various ethnic origins. Hence, these characteristics can be exploited and made more inclusive in FDP, thereby leading to more comprehensive, accurate, and robust prediction models for forensic purposes. The present article focuses on understanding the genetics of scalp and facial hair characteristics with the goal to develop a more inclusive approach to better understand hair biology by integrating hair microscopy with genetics for genotype-phenotype correlation research.