论贿赂推定及其适用

推定 ,是一项证据规则 ,指司法者借助现存的事实 ,并据以推断出另一相关事实存在的一种假设。贿赂推定 ,是适用于贿赂案件的特有的一项证据制度 ,其具有自身特点、适用价值。认为贿赂行为推定认定是从法律证据角度提出来的一项证据规则 ,但我国现行法律没有推定在认定贿赂行为的相关规定。为了司法实践的需要 ,建议对贿赂推定予以技术设计 ,在立法上作出规定后 ,运用于司法实践中来。     

Forensic Applicability of Femur Subtrochanteric Shape to Ancestry Assessment in Thai and White American Males

Ancestry assessment from the postcranial skeleton presents a significant challenge to forensic anthropologists. However, metric dimensions of the femur subtrochanteric region are believed to distinguish between individuals of Asian and non‐Asian descent. This study tests the discriminatory power of subtrochanteric shape using modern samples of 128 Thai and 77 White American males. Results indicate that the samples' platymeric index distributions are significantly different (p ≤ 0.001), with the Thai platymeric index range generally lower and the White American range generally higher. While the application of ancestry assessment methods developed from Native American subtrochanteric data results in low correct classification rates for the Thai sample (50.8–57.8%), adapting these methods to the current samples leads to better classification. The Thai data may be more useful in forensic analysis than previously published subtrochanteric data derived from Native American samples. Adapting methods to include appropriate geographic and contemporaneous populations increases the accuracy of femur subtrochanteric ancestry methods.     

Palate Shape and Depth: A Shape‐Matching and Machine Learning Method for Estimating Ancestry from Human Skeletal Remains

In the past, assessing ancestry relied on the naked eye and observer experience; however, replicability has become an important aspect of such analysis through the application of metric techniques. This study examines palate shape and assesses ancestry quantitatively using a 3D digitizer and shape‐matching and machine learning methods. Palate curves and depths were recorded, processed, and tested for 376 individuals. Palate shape was an accurate indicator of ancestry in 58% of cases. Cluster analysis revealed that the parabolic, hyperbolic, and elliptical shapes are discrete from one another. Preliminary results indicate that palate depth in Hispanic individuals is greatest. Palate shape appears to be a useful indicator of ancestry, particularly when assessed by a computer. However, these data suggest that palate shape is not useful for assessing ancestry in Hispanic individuals. Although ancestry may be determined from palate shape, the use of multiple features is recommended and more reliable.     

论警察形象塑造途径

塑造良好的人民警察形象是警察组织自身发展的主要任务,是做好群众工作的内在要求,更是全面深化公安改革,大力推进"四项建设"以及维护党的领导、确保社会稳定的重要基础,必须重视。针对社会转型期警察形象受到影响的现状,应从警察组织内外两方面进行原因分析并通过增强自身能力素质、理顺警察组织体制、注重公安工作宣传、完善警察保障机制和建立社会联防机制等途径重塑警察形象。     

当代中国法治整体意识论纲

只有把握法治的整体意识才能理解法治的真实意义，而哲学的法理学是把握法治整体意识的重要途径。法治整体意识的要点是：法律存在是最低限度的法治；法律约束具有普遍性；普遍的法律约束具有以公共权力为后盾的强制性；法治的实质就是约束公共权力；倡导合道德性的良法统治；建设私法主治的社会主义法治社会；维护个人的自由与尊严，保障个人的利益和幸福；区别人的道德世界和功利世界。对公共权力进行制约是法治整体意识的核心意义。     

侦查行为研究

侦查行为作为侦查程序中最核心的理论范畴之一,研究它的意义重大。尤其在法治的社会中, 侦查行为往往涉及国家权力和私人权利的冲突,而且愈来愈引起人们的关注。我们必须为侦查行为的正确 运行厘定一个法治的轨道,使一个文明而又有效率的侦查程序的建立成为可能,而这恰恰是本文研究目的之 所在。     

艺术存在于传播中熵与冗余的平衡

从对艺术形态的界定中,可以得出艺术是在传播中张扬其生命力的结论。艺术形态的存在正在于散播、传达、表现。传播使欣赏者感受并可能感同到艺术的“放射波”。欣赏者在传播中被艺术召唤,从而追求艺术。艺术之动在于传播,传播使艺术得生得长,并富于魅力和感召力。在对传播概念的把握过程中,可以寻求关于艺术传播的物质内容。即,信息是传播的必然内容。作为传播形态的一种,艺术传播也不例外。借助传播学信息理论中的熵和冗余的概念,对艺术传播做逐一分析,我们发现:艺术作为有别于其他自然科学和社会科学的存在,以它独有的方式打破了科学规律,熵值决定传播程度的规律。对于非科学的艺术而言,不仅熵影响艺术的传播程度,冗余也在影响艺术传播程度。传播是艺术得以发生存在的环境和系统。熵与冗余的平衡使艺术在传播中得以存在和张扬。     

情节加重犯若干问题研究

加重犯分为结果加重犯与情节加重犯两类,二者的区别在于:结果加重犯的加重结果超出了基本构成要件的范畴,而情节加重犯的加重情节则在基本构成要件之内;情节加重犯之加重情节是量刑情节而非定罪情节;情节加重犯是单纯一罪。     

论侦查讯问人员语言自我形象的提高

讯问犯罪嫌疑人或询问证人的过程,是侦查讯问人员语言自我形象塑造的过程。侦查讯问人员语言形象、能力和语言风格,对侦查讯问或询问活动的成效具有最直接的决定作用。     

相互投射下的现实与超现实世界的双重异化——安部公房的小说《砂女》

安部公房是日本二战后有代表性的现代派文学大家,他将现代派文学的手法和主题自如地运用于日本的土壤和现实。其代表作《砂女》将超现实主义的手法和存在主义的主题融为一体,运用"美比乌斯圈"这一象征塑造了不分表里的现实与超现实的两个世界,通过这两个世界的相互投射揭示了人的异化及存在的荒谬,探寻人之存在意义。