关于增加农民收入问题的几点思考

增加农民收入要多管齐下,调整优化农业结构,推进农业产业化经营,引进、推广、应用农业高新科技,整顿和发展乡镇企业,稳定国家关于农业的方针政策等。     

Inequality,Wealth and Thailand’s Politics

ABSTRACT

Acemoglu and associates argue that resistance to democratisation will be stronger where inequality is high. Piketty shows that shifts at the upper end of the distribution may be historically more significant than overall measures of inequality. In Thailand, the high level of income inequality has eased slightly since 2000, but there is a “1% problem” as peak incomes are growing faster than the average. Newly available data show that inequality of wealth is very high. At the top of the wealth pyramid, family holdings of commercial capital are growing. A significant proportion of top entrepreneurs have emerged within the past generation. A second tier of the wealth elite has developed over the past generation from rising property values, financial investments and professional incomes. Although their individual wealth is much less than the corporate elite, their numbers are much greater. The existence of the prospering “1%” and the emergence of the second-tier wealthy may corroborate Acemoglu’s proposition, but there are tensions within the wealth elite which may favour democracy.     

关注民生 优化税收制度

党的十七大特别关注民生问题,在报告中明确提出了我们党关于民生问题的努力方向——"使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居,推动建设和谐社会。"关注民生,优化税制,建立科学、公平、效率的税收制度,是以人为本,坚持科学发展观的具体体现,是新时期税收的一项重大任务,税收必须为全面建设小康社会,构建和谐社会做贡献。关注民生,应改革个人所得税、消费税,建立完善的城乡社会保障体系。     

国有企业职工阶层分化研究--对一家国有企业职工阶层关系的调查和分析

本文在对一家大型国有企业的问卷调查和数据分析的基础上,分析了该企业不同层级职工的经济收入、社会地位、职工对职业稳定性评价等方面的差异.研究了该企业职工阶层分化的特点.提出在国有企业,职工阶层分化的过程已经基本完成.在新的阶层关系下认识工人阶级的地位和作用是我们面临的又一课题.     

Social Inequality and the Perceived Income Justice Gap

This paper attempts to answer the question whether justice evaluations of income inequality in a society are determined more by country differences or by the social position an observer occupies. In very general terms what we study is whether, in shaping justice beliefs, cultural factors are more important than social-structural ones, or vice versa. In view of transformation societies, country differences are conflated with differences in the transformation processes the countries are experiencing. This is why we distinguish different types of transmations with regard to the postcommunist countries of Eastern and Central Europe testing empirically whether these transformation types exert influence on the justice beliefs, and how this influence compares to that of positional effects. With International Social Justice Project (ISJP) data of 1991 and 1996, we study the Czech Republic, Hungary, Russia, Bulgaria, East Germany, and—as a western referent society—West Germany. Main results are that in the early phase of transformation the different transformation types as well as social positions matter in shaping justice evaluations, over time, however, the types of transformation clearly lose influence. In 1996, compared to 5 years earlier, the countries have become similar in that most of the variation in the perception of the income justice must now be attributed to the positional differences of individuals. We conclude that the characteristics of the transformation processes decrease in importance for determining public views about social justice. In this respect, the transformation societies of Eastern and Central Europe may well be on the route to becoming more like western societies.     

论我国工会在收入分配领域的维权职能

在建立社会主义和谐社会的过程中,我国工会维护劳动者权利的重点是维护其获得劳动报酬权利。劳动报酬不仅包括劳动力价值部分,还应包括劳动者能与其他要素所有者共同分享改革开放和经济发展带来的成果,而这仅从微观层面的维权中很难做到,这就要求工会的维权应扩展到宏观领域,通过提高劳动报酬标准来实现广大劳动者的这一权利。     

论增加农民收入的财政与金融对策

党的十六届五中全会把建设社会主义新农村作为我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务,为此要千方百计增加农民收入。应借鉴发达国家的经验,运用好“绿箱政策”和“黄箱政策”,尽快提高我国的农民收入,同时,还必须解决农民融资难的问题。     

贵阳市拓展农民增收办法研究——以息烽县为例

增加农民收入是"三农"问题的核心,是我国经济建设中一个重要问题。农民增收困难不仅影响农业发展和农民生活,而且严重制约农村购买力的提高,成为扩大内需的重大障碍。解决农民增收问题,事关全局,意义重大。贵阳市如何因地制宜,增加农民收入?本课题以息烽县为例从农民收入现状和增收的对策两个方面进行分析,探讨贵阳市拓展农民增加收入的办法。     

个人所得税法律制度对人力资本发展的影响

人力资本是经济增长的源泉,个人所得税法律制度是影响人力资本发展的重要因素之一,个人所得税的制度设计也应在公平的原则下充分保障纳税人的生存权和发展权,提高纳税人的身体素质和教育素质,变人口大国为人力资本强国,加快我国人力资本的发展,促进我国经济的平稳较快发展。     

我国中低收入者住房金融的“信贷配给”问题与对策

中低收入者住房融资时也存在着严重的“信贷配给”问题,即商业性金融机构在开展住房金融业务中,倾向于少贷甚至不愿意贷款给中低收入者。这种现象的形成有其内在必然性,原因在于商业性金融机构在贷款给中低收入者时,由于信息不对称很难全面了解中低收入者真实的信用情况,又无有力的风险控制手段确保中低收入者不发生违约行为。为解决此问题,政府重点考虑以下方面：采取措施解决信息不对称问题、完善政策性住房金融体系以及为居民提供低利率的住房资金。