寻根小说中的民俗记忆与守望

寻根小说是新时期文学中重要的文学与文化现象,在这一思潮中有大量民间习俗的潜伏。本文以扎西达娃、余华,苏童等典型性文本为例,来铺展寻根小说中的民俗特色,揭开寻根小说的信仰习俗、巫傩习俗,鬼异文化等民俗学植被,肯定其在物质化时代对精神厚度和人文底色的守望。     

Antinomies of race: diversity and destiny in Kant

ABSTRACT

Larrimore's essay reads Kant's pioneering work in the theory of race in the context of his thought as a whole. Kant wrote on race for most of his career; at different stages of his thinking, race assured meaning in human diversity, confirmed the value of a practical-reason-informed understanding of human destiny, and provided a model for the ‘pragmatic’ knowledge of what ‘man can and should make of himself’. ‘Race’ was invented in 1775 as an advertisement for the new disciplines of geography and anthropology that Kant inaugurated and promoted throughout his career. Giving new meaning to a foreign (French) term associated with animal husbandry, Kant presented the (supposedly) exceptionlessly hereditary traits of race as the first fruit of a truly scientific ‘natural history’ of humanity. His concerns were not merely classificatory; his four-race schema, modeled on the temperaments, allowed a special status for Whites as at once a race and the transcendence of race (Kant invented ‘whiteness’ as well as ‘race’). The notion of ‘race’ was refined in essays Kant published in the 1780s, in the same journal as his celebrated essays on Enlightenment and the philosophy of history. It was given a new status, rather than displaced, by the critical turn. Granted a sanction ‘similar’ to the postulates of pure practical reason, its empirical verification would confirm Kant's whole critical system. Kant's theory of race came into its own in the 1790s, gaining wide acceptance. He relied on familiarity with it (and its lingering association with animal husbandry) in explaining the larger project of the ‘pragmatic anthropology’ without which he thought human progress impossible. Understanding how the concept of race contributed to Kant's more familiar and still appealing intellectual and practical concerns, we gain a better sense of its fateful and enduring attractiveness in subsequent eras.     

论贪污贿赂犯罪死刑的废除

当前贪污贿赂犯罪中死刑的设置是我国死刑废除运动的阻力之一。随着不断攀升的贪污贿赂犯罪的犯罪率,死刑对于贪污贿赂犯罪的实际预防效果不佳,其基本没有有用性。并且,当前贪污贿赂犯罪中死刑适用所存在的种种问题导致了死刑适用标准的严重异化。从原因方面分析,贪污贿赂犯罪有更多来自制度及社会层面的原因。在此前提下应该提倡,保障正当的舆论监督并正确地引导民意,废除贪污贿赂犯罪中的死刑。     

湘鄂西苏区红色歌谣源流探析

任何文化现象的产生都不是偶然的,都有着自己茁壮而复杂的根,质朴浅白的湘鄂西苏区红色歌谣同样有着其深厚的文化传统。从商周时期到明清时代,可以清晰地看到其发展的轨迹。对湘鄂西苏区红色歌谣的源流做了历史性的梳理,以期为湘鄂西苏区红色歌谣的产生提供一个广阔而深厚的历史人文背景。     

当代民间文化的遗产化建构——以广西宝赠侗族祭萨申遗为例

当前在非物质文化遗产保护背景下,全国各地出现了民间文化遗产化建构的趋向,这一现象反映了地方社会利用已有资源谋求向外发展的途径和努力,也勾画了民俗传统变化发展轨迹的一个侧面。通过田野调查资料,呈现了桂北宝赠村侗族祭萨经过展演、阐释和整合,被建构为具有多种价值的非物质文化遗产的过程,揭示了被遗产化后的祭萨形态与现实生活中的民俗活动存在差距,讨论了文化遗产化背后的动机及其参与的力量。藉此,也指出了民间文化在新时期的变迁态势。     

农民进城对其留守子女教育的影响

在市场经济迅猛发展的推动下，数以千计的农村富余劳动力涌向城市，其中大部分人长期与子女处于分离状态。由于留守子女得不到很好的关爱，各方面的素质普遍存在一定不足，学习动机、学习过程、学习环境也因父母的外出发生一定变化。该文通过分析相关问题及原因，对外出父母、留守子女本人、留守子女的监护人以及学校、社会、教育政策等方面提出了见解。     

对西北毒品违法犯罪重点整治地区的调查与思考——以甘肃省临夏回族自治州为例

本文以甘肃临夏回族自治州为例 ,分析了西北重点整治地区的毒品违法犯罪现状及产生原因 ,探讨了治理对策。     

试论官本位产生的原因及对策

中国共产党作为执政党,党内仍然存在官本位思想。官本位思想的存在严重地损害了党 的形象,违背了党的执政本质,妨碍了党的先进性的发挥。官本位思想的存在有其深刻的历史根源 和现实土壤,认真分析官本位的表现、成因及对策具有强烈的现实意义。     

从欧美经验谈我国反垄断法域外适用的立法定位

从各国反垄断法域外适用的实践情况来看,它既有成功对抗反竞争行为维护竞争秩序的一面,又有引起国家间冲突,不能完全实现其所追求目标的一面。在我国的反垄断立法过程中,我们首先应采用灵活的域外适用原则,而不局限于固定的模式;同时采用双边协定与多边协定并用的方式来解决域外适用中的冲突。     

论屠格涅夫的人道主义思想

人道主义是屠格涅夫创作的出发点,只有从此出发,才能发掘屠格涅夫作品的普遍意义,才能避免只从政治和意识形态的角度评价他的作品,过分地责备他的立场的“保守,”甚至怀疑他的真诚。