信访制度的历史演进:一个功能论的视角

实践永无止境,创新永无止境,研究永无止境。从历史的角度探讨信访制度的道路,寻求信访制度变迁的过程及其所遇困难的根源,对当前信访制度的改革具有极其重要的现实意义。     

博弈的伦理意蕴

博弈中的人们追求利益的最大化,但是博弈中也有伦理道德的存在。博彝中的行为者只有遵循道德法则行事,尊重自由、平等、民主以及正义的原则,使博弈双方互为目的和手段,这样才能达到共赢,实现自我价值和共同幸福的目标。对博弈与伦理的这种关系进行探讨,有助于我们更深刻地认识博弈中的伦理意蕴,更好地实现个人价值、个人利益与社会公共道德、公共利益的统一。     

辩诉交易的博弈分析--以囚徒困境为例

辩诉交易制度以抗辩式审判方式、法官居中裁判为制度基础,辩诉交易是控诉方与辩护方出于理性作出的行为,通过博弈论对辩诉交易进行分析,可以更好的理解辩诉交易在审理取证困难的疑难案件时,虽然不理想但却十分必要,是退而求其次的在公正与效率间寻求博弈均衡,是提高诉讼效益之必要方式.     

证券市场零和博弈与监管有效性的法经济学分析

为避免股市赌场论,我国主流学界一直否认证券市场的零和博弈特点,只是强调证券市场对优化资源配置的良好属性。然而在现实生活中,在证券市场优化配置的理论框架下我们却无法回避为什么证券市场会存在内幕交易、虚假陈述、操纵市场等私利性行为,我们在现有理论框架下也无法解释为什么现有的监管制度不足以有效监管市场。基于学界与监管层在观点上并不接受证券市场为彼之所得为我之所失的零和博弈观点,因此我们的监管实践并不是根据零和博弈的特点对症下药,这是导致目前我国证券市场处于监管不足与监管过度两难境地的根本原因。为此,我们试图从证券市场博弈的零和性分析出发,对我国证券市场监管的制度诉求、有效监管的制约因素及制度选择的有效性在法经济学层面作番讨论,以期对我国证券监管的制度重塑提供相应的理论依据。     

博弈视野下的职务犯罪侦查监督关系

最高人民检察院出台相关规定,确立了职务犯罪案件由上一级检察院决定逮捕的模式。从博弈论的角度看,职务犯罪案件决定逮捕权上提一级的模式实质上是确立了上级检察院侦监部门、下级检察院侦监部门和下级检察院自侦部门的侦查监督三角博弈关系。自职务犯罪案件决定逮捕权上提一级实施以来,司法实践中出现了一些问题,三角博弈关系在现实中处于失衡状态,究其原因在于博弈的前提规则的不完善。有必要重塑博弈规则,完善职务犯罪案件侦查监督的相关措施。     

International Technology Cooperation: The Problem of Commercial Rivalry

International technology cooperation promises to help countries exploit the potential of new innovations, but commercial rivalry between companies and governments raises obstacles to it. In this article, I present and solve a model of international technology cooperation. The formal analysis shows that a technology agreement must address two issues. First, governments must be able to induce companies to innovate. Second, governments must credibly commit to penalizing companies for failing to share new information produced through research. Based on these observations, I show that the potential for technology cooperation is maximized in symmetric settings between equally capable governments and companies. In practice, this observation warrants a policy focus on countries and industries that are already on a level playing ground. I also consider extensions to multinational companies and adverse selection problems. The formal analysis provides a solid foundation for practical policy implementation.     

习惯法与国家法的博弈——粤东北乡村治理

习惯法在国家正式司法或行政活动中未得到应有的重视,但其在实践领域仍然事实上发挥了规则的作用。以粤东北为例,习惯法与国家法在基层法院司法实践中的博弈,以及在各种调解活动和村民自治实践中的博弈,证明了习惯法难以估量的作用。     

论“碳政治”博弈的国际法治理

围绕哥本哈根国际法进程而展开的碳政治博弈,因《哥本哈根协议》的无约束力而造成零和博弈的结果,也使未来国际法进程面临＂双轨＂抑或＂三轨＂并进的机制选择,同时,气候变化的国际法治理仍将针对＂共同但有区别责任＂的适用而展开,国际社会如能经由＂人类共同关切事项＂明确＂共同责任＂的内涵,通过实质性公平原则而认同＂区别责任＂的要旨,推动《哥本哈根协议》的落实和发展,将在＂霸权缺失＂下的＂碳政治＂博弈中,以＂软法＂特有的张力和灵活性,维护＂共同但有区别的责任＂的国际法地位,并弥合各方分歧,促进＂为今世后代保护全球气候＂的可持续发展目标的实现。     

国际“碳政治”博弈与中国的对策

作为一种新型国际政治,"碳政治"一词伴随全球变暖问题而出现,为国际政治舞台增添了新的博弈因素。需要指出的是,我们欢迎"碳政治"这一新型国际政治,但反对把国际气候问题政治化。把国际气候问题政治化、寻求实现其他目的,无助于切实解决气候变化问题给人类社会带来的挑战。     

Games borrower governments play: the implementation of economic adjustment programmes in Cyprus and Portugal

Research on the Economic Adjustment Programmes (EAPs) for Eurozone crisis countries has so far acknowledged the role of creditor countries and Troika institutions or has examined the economic effects or structural determinants of domestic implementation processes. The role of borrower governments as strategic actors within the ‘Troika complex’ has been neglected. Taking Cyprus and Portugal as cases in point, the article shows how reform-oriented borrower governments used the interaction with the Troika to overcome veto player opposition to programme implementation. Drawing on the two-level game and on negotiation theory, the study discusses borrower strategies in response to opposition from the court or parliament, and the costs of no agreement. Reform-oriented governments mostly used commitments to the international level or Troika pressure to pursue coercive strategies vis-à-vis domestic opponents. High costs of no agreement seem to be a necessary means to pass on political and market pressure through coercion.