财政转移支付结构调整困境及其人权再定位

为便于落实财政转移支付规范目标,我国将其分为一般性转移支付与专项转移支付,并分别予以功能定位。然而,受诸多因素影响,两类转移支付功能发挥产生混同与偏差,导致转移支付整体功能受限,转移支付结构调整陷入困境。对此,以结构视角分析,虽便于理解和说明,但需要注意到结构主义自身容易带有的对主体、环境及转移支付整体结构平衡的忽视这些局限,谨防将结构调整简化为增加一般性转移支付份量、减少专项转移支付份额到预设的比例。现有体制环境下,基于转移支付人权保障属性,有必要对转移支付结构进行人权维度再定位,为其整体功能圆满实现提供新的纠偏视角与规范途径。     

Children's Lie-Telling to Conceal a Parent's Transgression: Legal Implications

Children's lie-telling behavior to conceal the transgression of a parent was examined in 2 experiments. In Experiment 1 (N = 137), parents broke a puppet and told their children (3-11-year-olds) not to tell anyone. Children answered questions about the event. Children's moral understanding of truth- and lie-telling was assessed by a second interviewer and the children then promised to tell the truth (simulating court competence examination procedures). Children were again questioned about what happened to the puppet. Regardless of whether the interview was conducted with their parent absent or present, most children told the truth about their parents' transgression. When the likelihood of the child being blamed for the transgression was reduced, significantly more children lied. There was a significant, yet limited, relation between children's lie-telling behavior and their moral understanding of lie- or truth-telling. Further, after children were questioned about issues concerning truth- and lie-telling and asked to promise to tell the truth, significantly more children told the truth about their parents' transgression. Experiment 2 (N = 64) replicated these findings, with children who were questioned about lies and who then promised to tell the 'truth more likely to tell the truth in a second interview than children who did not participate in this procedure before questioning. Implications for the justice system are discussed.     

论行政许可的基本原则

行政许可的基本原则是行政许可法的基本精神之所在 ,也是行政许可法所要解决的一个核心问题。我国新近出台的《行政许可法》明确规定了行政许可应当遵循的一般原则和特殊原则。行政许可的一般原则包括许可法定原则 ,公开、公平、公正原则和权利救济原则 ;特殊原则包括便民与效率原则、信赖保护原则、许可不得转让原则以及许可与监督相结合的原则。     

对我国刑事诉讼法第206条之质疑——兼谈审判监督程序审级制度的改革

我国刑事诉讼法第206条规定了再审程序的审级应同已生效的普通程序审级相一致.这给实际操作带来了困难,造成诉讼周期的相对延长、刑事诉讼的"N"审终审、国家司法资源的无谓浪费等不良后果.文章建议对我国刑诉法之206条予以修改,使审判监督程序非依赖于再审案件在普通程序中的终审审级,而实行"一审终审"制度.     

对《宪法》"序言"和"总纲"的修改建议

改革初期制定的现行<宪法>已经基本上完成了其历史使命,应当对其进行全面修改了.<宪法>"序言"中有关历史的叙述、个人的名字、阶级斗争的文字等内容应当删除,并增加国家性质、精神文明等内容;"总纲"部分在基本保留原有条文的基础上,其结构应有较大调整,先后顺序需重新排列,有些在其它章节规定的条文(如国旗、国徽、首都,国籍,修宪程序等)应放在"总纲"中较为合适,有些内容如经济制度应当作大幅度删减.     

Self-control Depletion and the General Theory of Crime

Criminological research on self-control focuses mainly on self-control failure. Such research has not, however, investigated the consequences of exercising self-control for the individual doing so. The present study investigates this issue within the framework of both criminological self-control theory and research on self-control depletion from social psychology, which depicts self-control as akin to a “muscle” that is “depletable” by prior use [Muraven and Baumeister (2000) Psycholog Bull 126:247–259]. Results are presented from a laboratory experiment in which students have the opportunity to cheat. Both “trait self-control,” as measured by the Grasmick et al. [(1993) J Res Crime Delinq 30:5–29] self-control inventory, and “self-control depletion” independently predicted cheating. The implications of these findings are explored for criminological perspectives on self-control and offender decision-making.

"三个代表"的重要思想与新世纪共青团建设

按照江泽民总书记"三个代表"的重要思想,共青团就要增强党性意识、强化政治性的基本方向;体现党的要求、把握先进性的基本前提;服务青年权益、体现群众性的基本属性;适应新的形势、突出创新性的基本要求.从而建设一个用邓小平理论武装起来的、能跟随党走在时代前列、深深根植于青年群众、团结带领广大青年为建设有中国特色社会主义事业而奋斗的共青团.     

卢梭与西方女性主义

18世纪法国启蒙思想家卢梭的“天赋人权”主张为西方女性主义提供了最初的思想资源和理论支点,而他的贤妻良母主义的女性观和女子教育观既遭到过自由主义女性主义的代表人物玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特的批判,又获得过女性主义思想家爱伦·凯的支持,这一切都使卢梭与西方女性主义之间的关系变得波诡云谲。     

论一般人格权制度的适用——以德国法之做法为参考

具体人格权的法定化要求一般人格权的承认。与具体人格权相比,一般人格权具有极大的抽象性与可扩展性。德国民法理论与司法实践对一般人格权适用与运行机制的把握,既保证了一般人格权制度适用上的广适性,也保证了其适用上的妥帖性。此种做法应由我国民法典立法予以借鉴。     

试论公共政策的社会总体利益取向

公共利益内涵的模糊和不确定,以及关于公共利益的种种争论,对公共政策的“公共利益取向说”提出了挑战。公共政策的终极目标是实现以人为本的全面、协调、可持续的社会发展,此目标决定了公共政策的社会总体利益最大化取向。“社会总体利益最大化”与政府等公共部门的“公共性”并不矛盾,相反,二者是统一的保持“公共性”是追求社会总体利益最大化的重要前提和基础,追求社会总体利益的最大化是“公共性”的集中体现和必然要求。