总体思路的由来、确立和发展--纪念工会工作总体思路提出10周年

工会工作总体思路的提出,是中国工会向市场化转型和走向改革的标志.总体思路的确立是一次思想大解放,是向社会主义市场经济过渡中工会改革的最主要的成果.工会十三大用"维护职工合法权益"把"两个维护"的理论统一起来,增强了工会工作总体思路的针对性和可操作性.2001年修改通过的<工会法>把工会工作总体思路以法律的形式正式确定下来.工会十四大进一步强调工会服务于党的中心任务的主要手段是维护,这就把工会履行基本职责与党的中心任务统一起来,使工会工作总体思路更趋完善.     

Avoiding the internet of insecure industrial things

Security incidents such as targeted distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on power grids and hacking of factory industrial control systems (ICS) are on the increase. This paper unpacks where emerging security risks lie for the industrial internet of things, drawing on both technical and regulatory perspectives. Legal changes are being ushered by the European Union (EU) Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive 2016 and the General Data Protection Regulation 2016 (GDPR) (both to be enforced from May 2018). We use the case study of the emergent smart energy supply chain to frame, scope out and consolidate the breadth of security concerns at play, and the regulatory responses. We argue the industrial IoT brings four security concerns to the fore, namely: appreciating the shift from offline to online infrastructure; managing temporal dimensions of security; addressing the implementation gap for best practice; and engaging with infrastructural complexity. Our goal is to surface risks and foster dialogue to avoid the emergence of an Internet of Insecure Industrial Things.     

财政转移支付结构调整困境及其人权再定位

为便于落实财政转移支付规范目标,我国将其分为一般性转移支付与专项转移支付,并分别予以功能定位。然而,受诸多因素影响,两类转移支付功能发挥产生混同与偏差,导致转移支付整体功能受限,转移支付结构调整陷入困境。对此,以结构视角分析,虽便于理解和说明,但需要注意到结构主义自身容易带有的对主体、环境及转移支付整体结构平衡的忽视这些局限,谨防将结构调整简化为增加一般性转移支付份量、减少专项转移支付份额到预设的比例。现有体制环境下,基于转移支付人权保障属性,有必要对转移支付结构进行人权维度再定位,为其整体功能圆满实现提供新的纠偏视角与规范途径。