The factors influencing knowledge entrepreneurship in Malaysian manufacturing companies

Established firms that continuously and systematically implement entrepreneurial initiatives exhibit behavior that corporate entrepreneurship researchers label as ＂sustained regeneration＂. A prime example of sustained regeneration is new product development activity in industries such as computers, electronics, and textiles where the introduction of new products is on-going and firm＇s creativities have important implications to its performance. On the other hand, knowledge entrepreneurship describes the organizational ability to respond to learn to capitalize on an opportunity, or to protect against a threat by adopting an innovation. Successful adoption of innovation requires an organizational ability to manage the process within the organization that deals with new or newly interpreted knowledge and under conditions of uncertainty and in the face of controversy, develop and initiate a plan of action to respond with goal-oriented organizational behavioral changes. Knowledge entrepreneurship connotes a ＂drive to implement change, to accomplish this goal, and to adopt an innovation＂. Knowledge entrepreneurship involves a motivated pursuit of competitive advantage, using knowledge as a means of developing sources of advantage similar to those described in the market orientation and absorptive capacity literatures. It describes a driven effort to utilize knowledge through innovation. This article is identifying knowledge entrepreneurship, and determining which factors may affect the nature of this concept. The selected criteria have been assessed according to their relative importance by utilizing analytical hierarchy process （AHP） approach and expert choice software program.     

Bridging the gap: online materials to equip graduate entrants to a law degree with essential subject knowledge and skills

Graduate entrants to law degrees can be disadvantaged by being exempted from Level 4 modules. Many lack the law-specific knowledge and skills that they would have gained from their first-year studies, making it more difficult for them to achieve mastery of higher-level modules. This poses risks to their retention and progression. The Open University Law School sought to bridge this gap by providing optional online “catch-up” materials, including 12 sessions of knowledge-based learning. Each session was followed by a brief Moodle poll so that we could ascertain that session’s fitness for purpose, and which students had studied it. The sessions were highly rated by respondents, and most had been studied in the target time of around 15 minutes. Studying the sessions was statistically associated with academic success. This finding does not prove that the sessions contribute towards student's attaining higher grades, but it is encouraging. Only a small percentage of students studied any sessions, and most of those did not study all of them. Since the sessions met their intended purpose for those who studied them, the Law School has now decided on a range of initiatives designed to increase the number of LLB students who study most of them.     

知识的测度及其经济学意义

知识经济对西方经济学的研究方法和研究对象形成了革命性冲击,知识的直接测度是不可能的,它作为变量不符合数学分析方法的要求,不可能运用数学方法把知识纳入生产函数中,知识直接测度的不可能性意味着知识不是和资本与劳动力相独立的变量。知识经济要求对西方经济学的研究方法和研究对象实行根本性转变,进行全新的研究和探索。     

企业知识型员工离职与管理初探

知识型员工离职既有个人的因素,如较为自我的个性特征、强烈的成就动机、较少的社会阅历等,又有企业的因素,如企业性质与规模、工作压力与内容、员：亡培训与工作氛围等。通过关心和授权知识型员工并培养知识型员工的责任意识等措施,加强对知识型员工的人文管理,减少知识型员工的离职率。另一方面,通过建立人才信息库、人才梯队建设、离职面谈、合同约束等措施,减少知识型员工离职给企业带来的消极影响。     

中国劳动法学发展回顾——以社会法学会10年年会（2003-2012）综述为样本

以社会法学10年年会综述为样本,分析中国社会转型最为剧烈的10年中劳动法学的发展状况及其走向,以年会主题为中心线索,在理清脉络的基础上得出年会论题的生成逻辑及劳动法学知识积累、理论创新的路径.另比较教科书的内容体系,发现劳动法学的研究和学科发展缺少劳动法学方法论的指导.基此,要完善劳动法学方法对知识创造、理论创新和学科建设的贡献,同时还方法论在社会法中以应有地位,以知识和方法共塑劳动法话语.     

专家参与刑事司法的多元功能及其体系化

从1979年刑事诉讼法颁布至今,专家参与我国刑事司法的制度功能变得开放而多元。专家制度功能的多元化,根源于刑事司法的三重逻辑:弥合法律人与专家之间知识鸿沟的“认知逻辑”;落实公检法机关“分工负责,互相配合,互相制约”原则的“权力逻辑”;保障当事人合法权益与实现控辩平等的“权利逻辑”。从结构主义与整体主义的视角看,当前,刑事专家制度存在明显的体系化缺陷,主要表现为专家制度过度权力化、专家制度功能尚未结构化、专家制度不够规范化。改进刑事专家制度,应当采取体系化路径:首先,将多元专家参与模式调整为鉴定人与专家辅助人二元专家模式;其次,彰显专家制度的“权利逻辑”,矫正过度权力化倾向;最后,构建系统化的专家制度,为专家服务刑事司法创造制度条件。     

犯罪学视角下的矫正社会工作专业性和有效性分析

当前我国矫正社会工作教育主要采取福利服务模式,且面临专业性和有效性的考问。西方犯罪学不同流派提出了不同的预防犯罪策略。实证学派之后矫正恢复成为主流,矫正社会工作由此得以蓬勃发展。然而,20世纪70年代中期后矫正社会工作的有效性受到空前质疑,由此兴起的反矫正运动导致矫正社工发展严重受挫。20世纪90年代起北美循证矫正运动开始全面量化检验影响犯罪和再犯的因素,得出了若干核心原则和因素。我国矫正社会工作福利服务模式集中体现在上海模式上,但最终被迫与刑事司法进行融合。我国本土性循证矫正得出,有效矫正应建立在实证知识和实践性知识与策略的结合上,这需要社会工作同犯罪学、法学和地方性知识的深度融合。     

论知识学习对思维能力的影响

学习知识的过程不仅是一个获取知识的过程,而且也是一个训练和培养思维能力的过程.学习不同类型的知识对思维能力的影响不同.学习相对比较艰深的理论知识,人们就需要进行由较少的、不充分的知识材料过渡到新知识的思维活动,这种由较少的、不充分的知识材料过渡到新知识的思维活动就是直觉、顿悟、猜测等等形式的非逻辑思维.长期地、经常地学习相对比较艰深的理论知识,我们就会养成非逻辑思维的习惯,也就训练和培养了非逻辑思维能力.     

浅谈文学翻译中的审美认识

文中从文艺美学的角度探讨了文学翻译中美的认识、挖掘和再现,翻译工作者应具备强烈的文学审美意识,提高翻译的质量。     

论萨维尼法人代理说的政治旨趣和知识谱系

代理说将法人团体视为一个需要他人监护的法律残废,法人代表者是法人的监护人,代表者的人格与法人人格相互独立、相互平行,代表者直接承担国家法上的侵权和刑事责任,法人的终极监护权掌握在国家手中。从私法角度论,代理说的真正基础是法定代理。从政治旨趣上说,萨维尼的代理说建立于其对社团自治的悲观和拒斥态度之上,是其全能国家观念的体现,是当时德国诸侯割据政治的曲折反映。就知识谱系而言,代理说与当时流行的政治观念息息相通,它们的灵感来源都是罗马家父制。