The Future of the European “Social Model” in the Global Economy

This article examines the prospects for European welfare states in the context of globalization. It begins with a critical review of the globalization arguments. While there is some evidence that external constraints make life harder for policymakers seeking positive-sum outcomes, it is the combination of national debt and spending limits, plus domestic tax resistance, that really count in making expenditure-based social and employment policies more difficult in certain countries. In understanding the constraints and opportunities that will shape Europe's welfare future, globalization—crudely understood—is therefore much less influential than many suppose. While EMU has radically diminished national autonomy in exchange rate, monetary policy, and fiscal policy, there are also beneficial consequences for social policy and broader economic management. On the employment and social policy side, initiatives required to match greater flexibility with sustained security are now at the top of the EU agenda, and mechanisms for diffusing best practice across Europe are being put in place. Within this framework, European welfare states must place more emphasis on dynamic equality, being primarily attentive to the worst off, more hospitable to incentive-generating differentiation, and actively vigilant with regard to the openness of opportunity structures.     

在香港执行内地仲裁裁决的法律问题初探

在"一国两制"框架下,关于互相执行仲裁裁决的问题,香港和内地已有相关法律文件作了对等安排,但由于两地法律制度和司法体制的不同,统一的执行体制必须通过不同的方法、技术和途径来实施,这可能导致对有关当事人的潜在影响,如,裁决执行地的选择,为当事人选择执行地和规避法律提供了可能.     

Getting Out of Debt: Garnishment of Wage in Whose Interest?

Garnishment of wage as a way for creditors to enforce payment by unwilling or insolvent debtors, while very common in Germany and Switzerland, is not very successful. Based on a dynamic model of debtor behaviour, this paper explores two alternatives of reform. One is to reduce the rate of garnishment, which at present amounts to 100 percent of the wage income exceeding a defined subsistence level, thus probably destroying incentives to work. According to model simulations, reducing the rate of garnishment is likely to result in an increase of labour supply but a decrease of garnishment revenue per period. Second, the introduction of a debt release as it exists in the United States would have an ambiguous effect on labour supply. While providing debtors with a fresh start, it would result a partial loss for creditors. A Pareto improvement thus does not seem to be possible. When taxpayers as an involved third party are taken into account, however, a potential Pareto improvement appears attainable through debt release.     

纽约国际海事仲裁员大会述评

本文介绍了 2 0 0 1年 10月在纽约召开的第十四届国际海事仲裁员大会的主要论文及发言的要点 ,反映当今国际海事仲裁更加宽松的法律环境以及海事仲裁国际化、现代化的新发展、新趋势 ,并对中国海事仲裁的现状作了评论     

保安处分制度理论研究六十年

建国六十年来的保安处分制度研究涉及三个方面的内容，即保安处分的基本理论、保安处分的适用问题和当代中国的保安处分制度。基本理论的内容集中在保安处分的原则、保安处分与刑罚的关系、保安处分的适用（条件、宣告和执行）等问题上。其中，又以保安处分与刑罚关系的一元论与二元论之争影响最大。     

Women Police Stations as a Dispute Processing System

Abstract

In 1992, the Tamil Nadu State government in India began to introduce all-women police stations whose primary role is to deal with crimes against women, including family violence and dowry disputes. Dowry giving is a customary practice in India, which often results in disputes between young wives and their new families. As a result, the young women may be subjected to physical and mental ill treatment, sometimes resulting in death. Using detailed data from 474 case records and interviews with 60 dowry victims, the present study examines how women police stations serve as a dispute processing system, and describes the services extended by the stations to the victims of dowry disputes. Many cases were successfully resolved and violence was frequently reduced. The study holds implications for the extension of training in dispute resolution for women police in India.     

西方发达国家劳动力市场的社会管理与公共服务研究

就业与失业问题一直以来是关系经济和社会全面发展的制约性因素。在处理和调节劳动力市场供求关系方面,西方发达国家采取了相应的社会管理政策和公共服务,为有效应对经济和社会发展中出现的矛盾和危机进行了有益的尝试。     

并入提单仲裁条款之概念辨析

并入提单的仲裁条款通常存在于根据租船合同签发的提单中。根据租船合同签发的提单,出租人通常具有承运人的法律地位,出租人为了使其根据提单对货物运输承担的义务和享有的权利尽可能的与租船合同一致,常常在提单中订入援引租船合同某些规定的条款,称为"并入条款"。而并入提单的仲裁条款正是通过并入条款而成为提单中的一部分。并入条款根据措辞的不同分为一般并入条款和特别并入条款,各国对并入条款的要求不尽相同。     

海峡两岸可仲裁事项比较研究

对于可以仲裁的争议事项,祖国大陆和我国台湾的仲裁立法有着不同的规定。大陆1994年《仲裁法》将可仲裁事项限定为平等主体的公民、法人和其他组织之间发生的合同纠纷和其他财产权益纠纷,并明确规定了婚姻、收养、监护、扶养、继承纠纷和依法应当由行政机关处理的行政争议不能仲裁;我国台湾“仲裁法”则将可仲裁事项界定为依法可以和解的争议。海峡两岸可仲裁事项的差异,表明了两岸对争议事项可仲裁性的不同认识,也表明了两岸对当事人自主选择民事纠纷解决方式的不同态度。相比之下,我国台湾“仲裁法”对可仲裁事项的界定,更准确地反映了适宜仲裁的争议事项的范围,更充分地尊重了当事人的仲裁自治权,因而值得祖国大陆参考和借鉴。     

A study of NAFTA： Establishing a better dispute resolution mechanism under CEPA

Dispute resolution under CEPA is regulated in Chapter 19-Institution Arrangement, but only consists of one sentence. The flaws are explored in the performance of this new agreement. Dispute resolution under NAFTA includes more than four dispute resolution procedures, which include numerous details and various institutions. It is considered as one of the best dispute resolution mechanism. The successful experience and the lessons learned will help CEPA establish a fair, efficient, and suitable disnute resolution mechanism