潘德克吞立法模式的当代价值与我国民法典的模式选择

潘德克吞立法模式为<德国民法典>所首创,并为大陆法系许多国家民法典制定所效仿.潘德克吞立法模式之所以被众多国家所效仿,是因为其概念化、逻辑化和体系化的优势可以补充大陆法系民法在司法实践中的不足.潘德克吞体系在21世纪的今天依然有其价值.我国在未来民法典的制定中应顺应传统,借鉴并采取潘德克吞立法模式.     

On the social basis and legislative propositions of establishing non-marital cohabitation law of the PRC

Non-marital cohabitation is one kind of the ＂family＂ lifestyle which people independently choose. A harmonious society is that of sustainable development society which treats people as its center, and objectively, it requires respecting for people＇s right to choose their lifestyles independently. However, the social problems arising from non-marital cohabitation shouldn＇t be neglected. The laws should recognize the concerned parties＇ freedom to freely choose the lifestyle of non-marital cohabitation and also prevent such social problems which it possibly causes. The authors propose that the special legal system of non-marital cohabitation should be established, for the purpose of promptly preventing and solving the disputes which triggered by non-marital cohabitation, protecting the rights and interests of the concerned parties and their children, and hence promoting the construction of the harmonious society in China.     

论民事举证责任分配制度

举证责任的分配是民事举证责任制度的核心问题,也是民事举证责任理论研究中最富有争议的问题。国内外理论界对民事举证责任的分配有多种学说。我国民事诉讼中,举证责任的分配实行“谁主张,谁举证”的一般原则和对特别案件实行的举证责任倒置原则,人民法院调查收集证据的补充原则以及无法确定举证责任的承担时,由人民法院根据公平和诚信原则,综合当事人的举证能力等因素来确定举证责任的承担原则。我国对民事举证责任的分配尚存在一些问题,有待在立法上进一步完善。     

侵犯公民个人信息罪若干疑难问题探讨——兼论相关立法之完善

<刑法修正案(七)>第7条增设的犯罪,其罪名应为侵犯公民个人信息罪.从犯罪构成上看,本罪的犯罪主体是一般主体,包括自然人和单位;犯罪对象是有关单位管理中的公民个人信息;其客观行为是侵犯,具体行为方式表现为出售、非法提供、窃取或者其他方式.在具体认定时,应注意正确处理本罪与其他犯罪的竞合关系.此外,本罪在立法技术、罚金刑设置等方面有待完善.     

构建我国污染损害赔偿基金制度的若干思考

目前我国主要通过民事诉讼和行政调解两种方式对环境污染进行救济,但由于环境侵权的特殊性在实践中也暴露出了其中存在的不足,因此需要建立一种新的社会化救济方式——污染损害赔偿基金制度。     

法国庭前认罪答辩程序评析

为克服效率低下所导致的法庭堵塞,法国立法者于2004年3月9日引入了法式辩诉交易制度,即庭前认罪答辩程序。与美国及意大利的辩诉交易程序相比,法国庭前认罪答辩程序具有三大特征,即较狭窄的适用范围、较弱化的合意制度以及较完善的保障机制。从3年来的践行效果上考察,庭前认罪答辩程序虽然取得了一定的成效,但适用率并不太高,在程序规范性上仍有待加强。此外,庭前认罪答辩程序在价值认同及制度冲突层面还面临着五大挑战。     

Policy Forum: Studying Eyewitness Investigations in the Field

This article considers methodological issues arising from recent efforts to provide field tests of eyewitness identification procedures. We focus in particular on a field study (Mecklenburg 2006) that examined the “double blind, sequential” technique, and consider the implications of an acknowledged methodological confound in the study. We explain why the confound has severe consequences for assessing the real-world implications of this study.     

Forensic utility of the mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 of domestic dogs, in conjunction with breed and geographic information

The 608-bp hypervariable region 1 (HV1) sequences from 36 local dogs were analyzed to characterize the population genetic structure of canid mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Sixteen haplotypes were identified. A 417-bp segment of this sequence was compared with GenBank sequences from a geographically representative sample of 201 dogs, two coyotes, and two wolves. Sixty-six haplotypes were identified including 62 found only in domestic dogs. Fourteen of these correspond to the 16 local haplotypes and were among the most frequent haplotypes. The local sample was judged to be representative of the much broader geographic sample. No correlation was observed between local haplotypes and the owner's characterization of dog breed. A 60-bp variation "hotspot" within the canid HV1 was identified as a potentially valuable molecular tool, particularly for assaying limited or degraded DNA samples.     

西部大开发中民族民间文化的法律保护

实施西部大开发战略,为西部地区经济、文化事业的繁荣发展带来了难得的历史机遇。对蕴藏着丰富的民族文化遗产的西部地区来说,保护好民族民间文化是西部开发中的一项重要课题。从民族民间文化的界定入手,分析民族民间文化的保护在西部大开发中的意义,在了解国内外关于民族民间文化的立法现状的基础上,对民族民间文化的法律保护提出建议。     

模糊立法语言的语义学分析

法律以语言文字为载体。尽管法律人竭力为法律概念设定边界,但是大部分法律概念的内涵或外延依然是模糊的。在法律的创制过程中,合理使用模糊语言不但不会损害法律的明确性,相反倒可能有助于在不确定中寻求到确定性。