关于我国城市社区居家养老服务问题与对策的思考

近年来,随着我国人口老龄化速度的加快,传统的以家庭为主的养老模式已无法满足老年人的生活需求,居家养老正成为我国城市养老模式的最佳选择。目前,全国各主要城市在多年实践的基础上已初步建立起居家养老服务体系,但是在居家养老服务资金、机构、内容、评估等方面还存在一系列问题,需要作出进一步的改进和完善。     

“搭伴养老”的两个法律问题

“搭伴养老”是指单身的男女老人在未办理结婚登记手续的情况下选择非婚同居处理两性关系和养老的一种生活方式。文章针对这一现象产生的实际问题,从法律角度对“搭伴养老”当事人的人身关系和财产关系进行了探讨。文章认为,在人身关系中,当事人之间拥有类似于夫妻关系的日常家事代理权,存在法定的扶养权和扶养义务。在财产关系中,对于同居期间产生的共同财产和债务应采取合伙原理予以规制;当事人之间不存在互为法定继承人享有继承权的法律基础,但同居伴侣可以分得适当的遗产。     

流动的新市民:常住大陆台胞社会融入的现状评估

针对台胞在大陆的社会融入状况,本研究建构了一套测量常住大陆台胞社会融入的指标体系。该体系将社会融入划分为“经济融入”“生活融入”“社交融入”“心理融入”四个维度,含15个一级指标以及34个二级指标。通过问卷调查和深度访谈,本研究得出三点基本结论:第一,常住大陆台胞不是“实用主义的过客”,而是流动于两岸、具有较高情感认同的“新市民”群体;第二,相较于个体心理性融入,台胞在制度性层面的融入程度较低;第三,台胞社会融入在心理和行为上呈现出悖反性。     

The Living Present as a Materialist Feminist Temporality

Abstract

Bringing together the work of Barad and Deleuze, this article develops the concept of the living present as a frame for an emerging feminist temporality. Within feminist and queer theories, there has been much discussion of the value of non-chronological time in opening up a transformative and unknown future. The author expands on this arena by discussing not only the future, but also the echoes, resonances and traces of the past—a past whose material effects continue to act as living, changing forces on the present and the future. Described as the present of retention and expectation, the living present is never a static ‘now’, but always a stretching between past and future as it contracts all past experiences and expects those yet to come. As it builds on the work of Grosz, Colebrook and others, the living present encourages non-linear, open-ended readings of past events, and therefore represents a new lens through which to approach documented and assumed histories. By opening up collaborative lines of flight between new materialism, Deleuze and feminism, the thick time of the living present reveals a past of forceful, intra-active materialities. It is a realm of possibility to which one is accountable, but not bound.     

A syndicalist moment? Democracy,insurgent unionism,and the ‘Outlaw Strike’ of 1920

This article considers World War I era labor insurgency through an examination of the 1920 ‘outlaw’ switchmen’s strike, one of the largest rank-and-file revolts of the postwar strike wave. Drawing upon Bureau of Investigation surveillance reports, the article argues the strike represented not so much an expression of a ‘syndicalist impulse’ as a struggle over the definition of the new unionism and the ideological legacy of the war. Inspired by the wartime rhetoric of Americanism and industrial democracy, pressed by the rising cost of living, and frustrated with the failure of the state and their parent unions to deliver living wages, the insurgents briefly succeeded in building democratic, cross-craft unions. The rebel unionists failed, but the ‘Outlaw Strike’ arguably was as important as the later and larger 1922 national shopmen’s strike in the way it highlighted issues of wages, union democracy, and employee representation.     

外来民工生存状态与人力资源生产--成都市城乡结合部外来人口生存状态调查及思考

民工阶层是一个庞大的群体,是一个相对滞后发展的群体,关注他们生存状态及境界,对发展健全健康的劳动力市场和人力资源培训具有重要的意义     

The Use of a Sequential Extraction Technique to Characterize Soil Trace Evidence Recovered from a Spade in a Murder Case in Brazil*

Soil trace evidence can be useful in criminal investigations. A homicide which had occurred in South Brazil been concluded through the courts with a guilty conviction. A spade with soil traces adhering to it was seized from the confessed killer's house, it having been established that it had been used to bury parts of the victim's body. In the context of this confession, it provided an opportunity to test a protocol of analysis and verify the potential of discriminate soil sample analysis in such case works. This allowed us to test the practice of sequential analysis which had been developed for forensic case works in Brazil, with three sequential extractions: (i) 0.2 mol/L pH 3.0 ammonium oxalate; (ii) dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate; and (iii) 0.5 mol/L NaOH. It was possible to predict the sequence of events related to the homicide by using the sequential extraction technique and to conclude that: (i) the A horizon soil from the burial location of the torso was found to be very similar to the soil samples which had been recovered from the spade, which was able to be established despite there only being a small amount of soil adhering to the spade; (ii) the location where the legs were buried contributed a low amount of soil adhering to the spade. Therefore, it is suggested that, where possible, sequential extractions should be prioritized from a questioned sample to best provide information about the likely sequence of contact places and this test likely scenarios and criminal events.     

人权保障与社会和谐

充分尊重和保障人权对构建和谐社会来说,既是目的,又是条件,它是和谐社会题中之义。通过发展人权事业来促进我国社会主义社会的和谐,应当特别关注和着力解决的问题是:保障生存权,不断提高生活质量;公正司法,切实保障人身权利;发展民主,全面实现政治权利。     

论侵害生活环境权的法律救济——由广场舞扰民事件引发的思考

近年来．广场舞已成为城市居民最常见的健身方式之一。但广场舞带来的噪音污染却影响了附近居民的生活和健康，侵害了居民的生活环境权。本文从生活环境权与忍受限度论入手。结合日本的相关学说和判例，探讨我国公民如何通过行政、刑事和民事诉讼等途径实现侵害生活环境权的法律救济。