地方政府制度创新与民营经济发展——温州制度变迁的轨迹与分析

地方政府作为制度创新的主体之一 ,在推进民营企业的制度创新过程中起着特殊的重要作用。本文以温州民营经济发展为背景 ,分析了温州地方政府在与民营经济发展的互动中制度创新的背景和方式。温州地方政府积极响应民间的制度创新活动 ,对民间的制度创新活动进行保护、协调和组织 ,为民营经济发展提供了一个相对开放、自由和合法的制度环境。地方政府的制度创新极大地促进了温州民营经济的发展。     

法治政府指标:适度政府与统一政府

适度政府与统一政府是法治政府的基本特征和重要指标。调整和重构政府与社会、市场、中介机构和行业组织关系 ,从全能政府走向适度政府 ,是法治政府建设的基本内容 ;认识和实践统一市场、统一政府和统一法制的逻辑关系 ,通过法制统一实现政府统一 ,是法治政府建设的重要选择。行政许可法制对于促进政府职能转变和适度政府建设、抑制地方主义、部门主义和建设统一政府 ,具有重要的现实意义。     

Money for our people? Decentralisation and corruption in Romania: the cases of the equalisation,infrastructure and pre‐university education funds

In spite of the attempts, in the most recent years, to introduce simple, accountable and rule‐based mechanisms governing the flows of funds for Romanian local governments (LGs) there is evidence showing that deviations from the norms are still widespread and undermine the stated goals of many policies. This article aims to explore to what extent the political factor (party affiliation, i.e. local informal power networks) interferes with the allocation of public funds as far as three main areas of decentralised policy are concerned: (i) the general purpose equalisation transfers; (ii) the Roads Fund grants and (iii) the transfers for financing the pre‐university education. These components represent a relatively large share of the local budgets and are illustrative for two important attributions Romanian LGs perform today: maintaining the local infrastructure and providing essential social services. Through a set of variables—measuring, on the one hand, the real pattern of resource allocation and on the other hand, the intensity of politicisation in the three areas—we tested the hypothesis that intergovernmental financial flows in Romania are to a large extent captured by rent‐seeking groups. It turns out that this is indeed the case with the funds for infrastructure, and much less so with the transfers financing pre‐university education. Some conclusions from these contrasting situations are drawn which reflect on the broader discussion, the link between decentralisation and corruption. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

运输毒品罪主观要件研究

当前,关于运输毒品罪的认定,有许多问题存在争议,特别是主观要件方面,如关于明知的认定,是否包括间接故意,主观动机和目的是不是必备要件,共同犯罪故意的认定,对象认识错误的认定和处罚等。因而有必要对其进行分析研究,以期对铁路公安部门打击运输毒品犯罪有点滴之借鉴。     

泰罗的科学管理理论对地方政府危机管理的启示

目前,我国地方政府在危机管理的意识、专业人才、协调机制、制度建设以及社会动员能力等方面均存在较大缺陷。借鉴泰罗的科学管理原理,有针对性地采取各种措施,对提高我国地方政府的危机管理水平具有十分重要的现实意义。     

我国惩罚性赔偿适用规范的系统构建

我国惩罚性赔偿制度的现行规定散见于若干特别法和司法解释及2010年实施的《侵权责任法》中，在适用条件的规范上散乱不一，适用范围上过于狭窄，主要限于产品责任领域。这样的立法现状不适应我国经济社会发展的长远目标及要求，也不利于我国在对外开放中国际民商事交往正常与公平的开展，就民事侵权立法的统一性、系统性以及国际私法案件中承认与执行外国惩罚性赔偿判决的需求来讲，我国亟需在《侵权责任法》中将惩罚性赔偿作为一般侵权责任补偿性赔偿原则的例外情形，系统构建该制度统一的适用条件规范，并依据惩罚性赔偿的法定性原则，分别在我国《环境保护法》及《知识产权法》中明确惩罚性赔偿的适用。     

从黄鹤龄《不暇懒斋诗钞》看道咸年间台湾社会之状况

刘家谋的友人黄鹤龄的诗集钞本《不暇懒斋诗钞》未引起台湾研究者的注意。他的诗歌反映了台湾航海、气候、地震、风俗、文化、古迹、民生、兵事等方方面面的情况,可以说是道光末至咸丰年间台湾社会生活的一面镜子。面对道咸年间台湾世风日下、民生凋敝的状况,他提出重教化、贵树艺、勤桑麻的救世主张。他的诗集应该与刘家谋的《海音诗》、《观海集》一样成为研究台湾道咸年间社会状况的重要资料。     

Managing Social Risk in China Local Administration: An Examination of SSRA Initiative

Social Stability Risk Assessment (SSRA) sponsored by the local administration is perceived as a socially defined risk-coping initiative since it became mandatory in China. This article observes and unravels SSRA practices by selecting Xuzhou municipality as a sample case. Findings show that local SSRA is operated by the tridimensional mechanism and antecedents of its effectiveness in enforcement are linked with multiple elements of administrative supports. The findings contribute to a full understanding of SSRA in mainland China where there is no electoral democratic regime, and provide implications for developing countries alike. Some recommendations are proposed as a potential driver of these results.     

Lost in space? the role of place in the delivery of social welfare law advice over the telephone and face-to-face

ABSTRACT

Advice that is provided exclusively over the telephone has been promoted by government as more convenient and accessible than face-to-face appointments. The resulting push towards telephone-only provision, as implemented by the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, challenges the long history of association between social welfare law advice and local delivery within disadvantaged communities. This article reports on qualitative research comparing telephone and face-to-face advice which uncovers the continuing relevance of place in the dynamics and mechanics of social welfare law provision. Familiarity with the geographical location, knowledge of local policies and procedures, relationships with opponents and allies, and an understanding of the ‘local legal culture’ mean that face-to-face advisers are often able to conduct their legal casework more effectively. Conversely, local knowledge is unlikely to be available to Community Legal Advice telephone advisers. This research suggests that, in addition, telephone-only advisers may be developing a more narrow understanding of the essential qualities of casework. These findings are particularly significant in view of the likely future expansion of remote methods of delivery in legal aid work.     

State transformation and cross-border regionalism in Indonesia’s periphery: contesting the centre

Abstract

This article examines how the decentralisation and fragmentation of the Indonesian state and resultant central–local dynamics affect cross-border regionalism in Indonesia’s periphery. It argues that cross-border regionalism projects are best understood as sites for scalar contestation over regulatory control between central and local government. Moreover, scalar contestation around cross-border regional projects is characterised by the struggles to control relationships with transnational capital between elites operating at different tiers of the state. When elites at different scales have conflicting interests and strategies, this can cause policy incoherence, inhibiting the development of cross-border regionalism. Conversely, when they align, and intersect with the interests of transnational business, cross-border regionalism can succeed. To illustrate the argument, this article utilises the comparative case studies of the Batam free trade zone and West Kalimantan–Sarawak cross-border cooperation.