见义不为现象的成因与矫治--兼论公德沦丧与犯罪的相关逻辑

社会公德是一个社会的思想道德最基本也最原初的标志,它维系着社会道德生活的正常运行和社会秩序的良性发展.见义不为现象的出现昭示着社会公德系统产生了严重的故障.形成见义不为现象的原因主要有经济体制转型带来道德观念的多元化,使人们缺乏必要的道德共识;道德控制系统的乏力,使人们大多各行其是;保证和保障见义勇为的社会法规不完善,体制不健全,使人们行善的动机受损.矫正见义不为的缺德现象,需要我们在结合法治的基础上,加大社会道德调控的力度,加强思想道德教育,重建社会主义正义体系,使见义勇为、扶危助难的道德情操深入人心,促进社会政治局面的稳定团结,为社会主义市场经济建设保驾护航.     

治吏之道 提升官德为先

随着公民社会建设的不断深入，加强吏治、提升官德的呼声也日益成为党和政府关注、回应的问题。整饬吏治先从提升官德开始，而提升官德应以修身正心奠基础，以制度伦理作核心，以民众监督为重点，，官德正则吏治清，治吏之道，提升官德为先。     

国外廉政文化建设的经验与启示

多年以来,国外清廉国家在廉政文化建设方面取得了相当不错的成绩,主要形成了培育崇廉、尚廉的“以风育廉”、重视道德因素的“以德倡廉”、强调领导层示范作用的“以身率廉”、制订完备法律条例的“以法保廉”、完善制度建设的“以规固廉”的基本经验。这对当前我国的廉政文化建设提供了积极有益的借鉴。     

加强高校师德建设的几点认识

在践行中国梦的今天，高校教师承担着重大而又光荣的社会历史责任。高校教师应深刻认识其职业的社会神圣性，强化自省自律和社会使命感。高校党政部门更认真对待师德建设中存在的问题，通过系统性措施，来为师德建设不断注入正能量。     

大学生德福一致伦理信仰的重塑

德福一致表明人们对幸福与道德呈正相关的关系的理解与认识。道德教育帮助成长中的大学生正确地认识和看待现实生活中的一些德福矛盾即道德与幸福不一致现象,树立正确的德福观,提升建构幸福生活的能力,既是德育的要求,也是时代的需要。     

领导干部“德”的现状及其考核评价——以宝鸡市为例

领导干部的道德考核评价是中国共产党历代领导集体高度重视的重大课题。通过对宝鸡市领导干部"德"的问卷调查及数据分析发现,当前领导干部高度关注道德建设,对"德"的内涵认识明确;领导干部道德水平整体较高,认同道德考评体系和评价机制。但不容忽视的是仍存在道德价值观淡漠,理想信念、自我修养缺失,廉洁从政观念模糊等问题。为此,要以领导干部"德"考核评价中存在的问题为突破口,客观构建领导干部"德"的考核评价基本模式,夯实领导干部"德"考核评价的基础。     

代孕:在法理与伦理之间——兼及公序良俗原则的社会变迁

代孕行为自诞生以来,就引发了法理与伦理领域的广泛争论。只有对代孕的涵义进行准确界定,从法理、伦理以及比较的视角对这种行为进行详细梳理,进而把代孕行为放在公序良俗与社会变迁的时代背景下来考量,才能正确对待代孕行为。目前,我国对代孕行为应当由禁改限并加以规制。     

When Crime is not an Option: Inspecting the Moral Filtering of Criminal Action Alternatives

Many theories assume legal compliance stems from rational deliberations about consequences of disobedience. In contrast, morality theories such as Wikström’s Situational Action Theory contend personal morality and moral contexts provide a “filter” prohibiting some people from perceiving and contemplating criminal actions as realistic possibilities. We examine this moral filtering hypothesis using face-to-face household survey data from 573 adults in the Dhaka District of Bangladesh. Results suggest individuals with higher levels of personal morality (moral beliefs; guilt from contemplating violence; moral identity; emotional empathy) and exposure to strong moral settings are less likely to contemplate aggressive and violent actions in response to a provocation. Furthermore, these dimensions of personal and contextual morality appear to be indirectly linked to violent criminal actions through individuals’ tendencies to contemplate aggressive actions when provoked. Overall, our initial inspection of the moral filter hypothesis provides substantial support and highlights areas for theoretical clarification and additional research.     

加强和完善社会主义道德建设机制

道德建设机制是道德观念和道德行为的形成原理,是社会主义道德建设的基本规律和模式。道德建设机制从功能上可分为道德教育机制、、道德评价机制、道德赏罚机制、舆论引导机制。加强和完善社会主义道德建设机制应当着力完善道德教育机制,规范道德评价机制,健全道德赏罚机制,强化社会舆论引导机制。     

The Moral Justification for the Preventive Detention of Terrorists

The moral, as opposed to legal, justification for the preventive detention of terrorists is the topic of this article, and, in particular, for the preventive detention of members of extremist Islamist terrorist organizations, such as Islamic State (IS) and Al Qaeda (AQ). The article argues that preventive detention of terrorists is morally justified under certain circumstances. Its argument for preventive detention of terrorists is analogous to that used to detain enemy combatants as prisoners of war. However, rather than relying on the possession of the properties definitive of the legal status of a combatant, it relies on demonstrable possession of constitutive features of functionally integrated membership of a terrorist organization. Membership in this sense of a terrorist organization creates the presumption of a standing intention to commit murder, or at least to assist others to do so, in the service of the organization’s political ends.