试析我国侦探小说的叙事方式

我国侦探小说在经历了西方模式、前苏联模式之后，新时期的侦探小说无论在题材的选取上还是艺术的技巧乃至叙事的策略上都突破了过去那种创作主体意识狭窄、模式单一的状态，各自以独特的表现形式共同形成侦探小说文本的多元共存局面而真正进入反模式时期。叙事结构的复线行进、两种叙述角度的同时采用、侦探过程弱化、人物心理探微以及结尾的违反常情等超越传统的玄学侦探小说，颠覆了常规侦探小说的许多或全部规范。     

Who wants to be an ideal victim? A narrative analysis of crime victims' self-presentation

The aim of this article is to analyse how self-presentation is performed in victim narratives and what possible variant features are present in the narratives. This is examined by means of narrative analyses of face-to-face interviews with crime victims (n = 6). The narratives were grouped into two categories: 1) narratives about the crime victim as an established citizen, and 2) narratives about the crime victim as an outsider. How the narrators presented their status in society was relevant for how they understood the offender, the crime, and Victim Support. Importantly, the interviewed victims did not construe themselves as ‘ideal victims’ as they all projected personal strength in their self-presentations. Furthermore, the victim narratives normalized (rather than idealized) the victim while construing the offender as in need of treatment. The article concludes by discussing future research needs and the role of victim self-presentations for psychological well-being and trust in the criminal justice system.     

消解历史的秩序：20世纪末台湾文学中的后现代历史叙事研究

台湾在1987年“解严”前后进入了一个文化转型期,彼时威权时代的意识形态统一体已然松动,新的本土主义论述正在集结但尚未占据主导地位。本文以这个时期的台湾后现代思潮及文学创作为研究对象,尤为关注那些以历史书写为主题的小说文本,这些文本以语言反省与形式解构为起点,反叛写实主义的美学观,质疑本质主义的历史真实观,不仅挑战前行代的美学主张,也解构逐渐凝聚为新威权话语的本土论述。通过对文本的审美形态及其意识形态表征的分析,本文试图指出,出现于上世纪八九十年代之交的台湾后现代历史叙事文本是一种对意识形态统一体的松动非常敏感且及时作出反应的话语,是意识形态统一体松动后文化危机和思想危机的表征,这些文本以瓦解历史的方式传达出特定的历史意识。     

康拉德《艾米·福斯特》叙事策略探微

本文以西方叙事学为理论依据,从叙述者、叙述聚焦、叙述时间等方面,对现代英国作家约瑟夫·康拉德的短篇小说《艾米·福斯特》进行文本解读,认为康拉德在题材表现、叙述手法、人物刻画、道德指向等方面都独具特色,其创作推动了英国小说从传统走向现代.     

‘A Nation Reborn’: Right to Law and Right to Life in The Purge Franchise

ABSTRACT

Popular culture matters for helping make sense of our political lives. This article addresses the value of dystopian horror films in challenging narratives about the state. It is situated within broader understandings of popular culture and politics, and specifically within narrative understandings of the state as a performative body. It presents The Purge film franchise as an example of such a challenge to state narratives, and argues that through its distortion of dominant state narratives, the franchise reveals and challenges the intersections of economic and racial inequality in the neoliberal United States. It examines in particular the emergency broadcast featured in all four films, which positions citizens in a relationship with law and life where the right to law conflates the right to life, and argues that the films present an understanding of vulnerability and abandonment that are in some ways already present in the state. It concludes by questioning what, if any, the capacities are for resistance.     

Talk it out: toward a narrative theory of community conferencing

I advance a narrative theory of restorative justice-practice – more specifically a narrative theory of community conferencing practice. I contend that positioning theory, a particular type of narrative theory, enhances the understanding of how community conferencing works. I argue that positioning theory offers a significant advancement of the current theories of community conferencing practice – affect theory and the theory of reintegrative shaming. In order to make this argument, I provide a brief history of the development of the practice of community conferencing, followed by a discussion of the current predominant theories of community conferencing practice. Then, I discuss the value of narrative theory, with a specific focus on the utility of positioning theory. Finally, I apply positioning theory to an understanding of community conferencing practice and suggest areas for future investigation of the utility of the theory.     

小说叙事空间的多重维度与刘易斯的文化空间想象

本文以列斐伏尔的“空间三一论”为切入点,借鉴了包括叙事学在内的当代西方文学理论的方法和视角,并在深入分析文本的基础上着重探讨了刘易斯主要小说的叙事特征及其作为虚拟空间的意识形态性、文本内涵和文化意蕴,进而挖掘出刘易斯小说的叙事空间特质、作家的文化情感结构和小说人物文化身份的认同危机.     

Listening to melancholia: Alice Walker's Meridian

ABSTRACT

Alice Walker's second novel, Meridian (1976), explores both the ways in which racist societies initiate and exacerbate melancholia and how this psychological dynamic can and must be overcome. The novel posits not a simple ‘cure’ but rather a process of questioning and learning from the past and one's painful attachments to it. In this way it negotiates scholarly concerns about psychoanalytic theory, as manifest particularly in literary criticism and critical race studies. Far from normalizing a form of identity focused on the past, this experimental novel depicts psychological transformation as an effort that requires the willingness to untangle the relationships involved in one's present, one's past and broader systems of social injustice.     

论20世纪50—70年代爱欲叙述中的性别政治

在中国革命胜利之后,为了社会秩序稳定,也为了聚拢、集结人们全部身体力量为革命建设服务,国家意识形态加强了对爱欲的管束与治理,革命伦理建立了压抑个人爱欲快感、崇尚奉献牺牲的革命爱欲观。然而,从性别政治角度考察,不论是“十七年”时期压抑爱欲的革命文学叙述,还是文革时期彻底剔除爱欲的激进文学叙述,写作者的性别立场仍潜在规约与影响着文本对男女两性性别角色的认知和建构。男作家的革命文本叙述也隐含着男性中心主义文化立场,而女作家的革命文本却在革命规范之内做着隐蔽的突破,试图为女性解放找寻合理路径,为女性寻求更加开阔的生存空间。     

中西叙事伦理研究之辨析

20世纪后期,叙事研究的伦理转向与伦理学的叙事转向几乎同时发生而又相互呼应,人文社会科学的跨学科融合推动了文学叙事伦理研究迅速发展。欧美叙事伦理研究发端于现实人文事件,列维纳斯和德里达的伦理哲学对自我与他者关系的重新认识以及女性主义伦理学对个体经验的意义肯定,导致西方伦理哲学研究楔入到文学叙事伦理研究之中;此外,以布思为代表的修辞叙事研究也启迪着哲学和文学学者的叙事伦理研究。伦理哲学领域的叙事研究路径与从文学修辞出发的叙事伦理研究路径交织在一起,核心在以叙事建构伦理意义,解构了伦理意义的确定性,具有很强的哲学思辨性。中国叙事伦理研究呈现出古今传承、中西融合的特点,在文学研究诸多领域均产生了广泛影响,其核心乃在以叙事反映或承载伦理意义,显示出中国传统批评的深刻印记。中西叙事伦理研究各有特点,应当相互取长补短。