Community-managed rice banks: lessons from Laos

Rice banks are increasingly used in South-East Asia as a means of addressing seasonal food crises facing poor communities. Despite general agreement about the effectiveness of community-managed rice banks in improving food security, there has been almost no research into their effectiveness in reaching the poorest, or the prospects of sustainability linked to regular repayments of rice. Concern Laos sought to answer these questions through community mobilisation, forming rules and regulations to encourage the participation of the poorest, developing simple tools and procedures in line with existing community capacity, and building greater community capacity. Other challenges remain, such as changing the prevailing ‘relief’ mentality, ensuring women's participation, and establishing regular savings schemes, in order to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of the rice banks.     

论马克思主义经济学的创新——为纪念马克思《资本论》(第1卷)发表140周年而作

十九世纪中叶,无产阶级和资产阶级展开了激烈的斗争,无产阶级革命运动如火如荼,马克思说明工资是劳动力的价格,利润是剩余价值,利息是剩余价值的转化形式,揭露了资本主义社会的剥削本质,为唤起劳动人民进行剥夺剥夺者的革命提供了科学的理论根据。但是,今日社会已经进入二十一世纪了,大家都在集中精力发展经济,努力构建和谐社会,如果这时候经济学家们照搬马克思的工资、利润和利息范畴怎么可能客观反映今日社会的现实呢?马克思主义经济学作为一门科学必然会随着社会的发展而创新。我们应当把马克思主义基本原理和社会主义市场经济现实相结合进行理论创新,对工资、利润和利息范畴做出全新的理论概括,这样才能客观反映今日社会的现实。我们的基本结论是:社会主义市场经济中的工资是劳动的价格,利润是经营收入,利息收入具有劳动收入的性质。     

影响当前农村社会稳定的因素

当前,影响农村社会稳定的因素颇多,但归结起来主要有三点:一是宗族势力的迅速崛起,打破了长期以来形成的良好的社会秩序,农村基层政权受到冲击,社会治安秩序遭到破坏;二是干群矛盾的日渐激化,动摇了人民群众对党和政府的信任;三是社会治安形势的异常严峻,使广大群众的安全感受到威胁,安居乐业的社会环境受到严重影响。针对上述问题,公安机关应制定出切实有效的对策和防范措施。     

铁路站车查堵逃犯之我见

随着“严打整治”斗争的步步深入 ,借助铁路的车站和列车逃窜的犯罪分子也势必增多 ,因而 ,给铁路公安机关充分发挥阵地控制和站车查堵逃犯提供了极大的机遇和严峻的挑战。本文对铁路站车查堵逃犯从有条件查堵和无条件查堵两个方面进行分析和研究 ,并阐述了铁路站车查堵的对策。     

宪政——人类法治文明的最高结晶

文章从依法治国首先要依宪治国 ,实行法治关键要实行宪政立论 ,层层深入地阐析了宪政的涵义 ,宪政与宪法的关系 ,宪政的性质、特征及要义 ,宪政与民主、法治、人权的关系等重要问题。     

建国后17年文艺工作者的“组织化”及其评价

建国后，党对艺工作的思想、政治领导遂与组织领导结为一体，组织领导成了思想与政治领导的物质载体或曰制度保障。由之，思想与政治领导也就不自觉地转化成了行政领导关系。尽管这一领导方法在当时极有效率，但是，却在相当程度上违背了艺工作的“双百”方针。     

Justice,Fairness, and World Ownership

It is a central tenet of most contemporarytheories of justice that the badly-off have aright to some of the resources of the well-off.In this paper, I take as my starting point twoprinciples of justice, to wit, the principle ofsufficiency, whereby individuals have a rightto the material resources they need in order tolead a decent life, and the principle ofautonomy, whereby once everybody has such alife, individuals should be allowed to pursuetheir conception of the good, and to enjoy thefruits of their labour in pursuit of suchconception. I also endorse the value offairness, whereby the right person orinstitution makes the decision as to whether tobring about justice.I show that justice and fairness can besatisfied only if we all enjoy a combination ofprivate and collective rights over the world.In making that case, I shall argue that the setof ownership rights I advocate differs fromreadily available conceptions of restrictedprivate ownership in two important respects.First, it is such that in some circumstances,two individuals or more can have control rightsover the same property at the same time, not,as is standardly the case in legal systems, bycontracting with one another (through gifts andjoint purchase), but simply on grounds ofjustice. Second, it allows that, if necessary,property-owners be expropriated from theirproperty without compensation.     

从冲突到融合:当代理性精神的重塑

当代理性范畴经过了由科技理性到价值理性的分立再到二者融合的过程。科学技术有它自身的双重效应,因此在发展科技、追求经济增长的同时应该注意重塑价值理性。在当今时代,只有以全面的发展观为指导,才能实现科技理性和价值理性的合理重构。     

论我国的无效行政行为制度

无效行政行为因具有重大的明显的违法情形，自始不发生任何法律效力，为维护自身合法权益。行政相对人对无效行政行为有两种对策；温和而言，可以不受任何时间限制地通过申诉，申请复议，提起诉讼等途径寻求救济；激进而言，完全可以无视其存在，拒绝履行义务，直至采取对抗形式进行正当防卫，我国对无效行政行为的立法刚刚起步。应该根据法治原则和宪法精神，修改现行的有关法律规定。尽快确立和完善无效行政行为制度。以适应新形势下依法行政的要求。     

关于长春市社会群体思想观念的调查

社会群体思想观念作为人们社会利益和社会地位的直接反映，是社会发展的睛雨表。近近来，随着社会经济的发展，长春市社会群体的思想观念发生了许多变化：一是理想信仰多元化，但正确的理想信仰仍占主导地位；二是人生追求多样化，但积极进取的生活态度仍是主流；三是个体取向的价值观呈增强之势，但集体取向的价值观仍是主体。