“紧急状态”、“战争状态”概念及辨析

紧急状态和战争状态是我国法律必须明确却而尚未明确的两个概念。紧急状态是相当程度危险下的一国国内的社会状态 ;依据不同的标准 ,可以对其外延作不同划分。战争状态可以从传统国际法和国内法两个层次上理解。紧急状态和战争状态的关系取决于一国法律对紧急状态的界定和在什么意义上阐述战争状态。     

论依法治教的几个基本问题

探讨依法治教的科学内涵和特征,分析人们在依法治教上的认识误区,阐述加强依法治教对推进中国教育的改革和发展具有重要意义。     

论刑事政策对刑法解释的意义

从实证研究的角度看,我国存在着两种具有法律意义的刑法解释体系:刑法有权解释体系和刑法适用解释体系。刑法适用解释对定罪量刑有着更加现实和重要的意义。刑事政策是刑法定罪量刑的基础。无论是刑法有权解释还是刑法适用解释,其内容都必须符合刑事政策的要求。     

Responding to my interlocutors: a subject in the making...

In this response to Ronnie Lippens’ and Erik Claes’ critiques of a paper entitled ‘The Lore of Criminal accusation,’ Pavlich notes the ways in which his work might be compared to, yet differentiated from, abolitionist approaches to crime. Working through Lippens’ comments, he notes a possible way to understand the analysis and politics of crime (through accusation). Pavlich challenges Claes’ optimistic hypostatization of ‘criminal law’, idiosyncratic understandings of deconstruction and refocuses attention on the centrality of accusation to creating criminal subjects.     

Assessing Readiness to Change among Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: Analysis of Two Self-report Measures

Recent interest in the construct of motivation to change among male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) has led to development of two self-report measures of this construct: the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment for Domestic Violence (URICA-DV; Levesque et al. 2000) and the Safe at Home Inventory (SAH; Begun et al. 2003). We examined the internal structure of these instruments using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses in a sample of 199 male IPV perpetrators waiting to begin court-mandated batterer intervention programs. Results indicated that the scales had adequate internal consistency. However, using confirmatory factor analyses, the hypothesized structural models of each instrument fit the data poorly. Subsequent models suggested by a series of exploratory factor analyses failed to improve model fit substantially for both scales. For the URICA-DV, a 3-factor model including items from the Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Action subscales fit the data adequately. No acceptable model fit could be found for the SAH. Intercorrelations among similar subscales across the two inventories suggested only a modest degree of intercorrelation (r’s = 0.16–0.52), and a factor structure more dependent on scale of origin than item latent content, suggesting that the scales assess different facets of the readiness to change construct. These results suggest that before the stages of change construct can be fully applied to the IPV area, more research and evaluation are needed on how to accurately assess abuser readiness to change.     

杨柳：江南区域文化的典型象征

从先秦到汉唐,杨柳在北方的分布十分普遍,其文化表现也以北方为主.中晚唐以来,杨柳意象则明显南方化,逐步成为江南风景和文化的典型象征.这一历史转变与北方地区生态环境的整体衰退,社会经济、文化重心的南北转移,杨柳自身的品种结构变化密切相关.作为江南意象的杨柳,包含着物华饶美、水乡清柔、风俗奢乐等多重象征意蕴.     

提高公务员依法行政能力刍议

提高依法行政能力是公务员队伍建设的重要课题,直接关系到整个国家依法治国能否有效进行。目前公务员依法行政能力与形势的要求相比,还存在着一定的差距,这在相当程度上影响着我国依法行政水平的提高。为了实现法治政府建设的目标,必须通过加强对公务员的培训,建立和完善对公务员评价考核制度,实行行政执法责任制,使公务员真正树立行政法治观念,不断提高依法行政能力。     

美国法制建设与立法透明度初探

为了保证法律法规规章的有效实施,美国在行政立法过程中,非常重视公众对立法的参与。联邦、绝大多数州都制定了行政程序法,确保行政机关在立法过程中向社会公开,也采取相应的措施,鼓励公众、社会中介机构积极参与立法,给公众随时可以了解立法情况,以及生效法律法规规章的基本内容提供便利条件。公众认为抽象行政行为违法,可以直接诉讼到法院,强化了监督机制。     

论法治视野下行政决策的界定

行政决策的内涵随着时代的发展而不断发展。作为法治政府的重要活动，现代行政决策应当是正当的行政决策。一个正当的行政决策，要兼具合法性、科学性和民主性等要求，在内涵上包括决策目标、决策手段、事实基础、法律依据等四个要素，在外延上包括一系列行为。法治视野下的行政决策主要是重大行政决策，重大的标准可以通过实体和程序两方面确认。重大行政决策需要根据其价值目标和内在要求的不同进行类型化研究。     

检察机关提起行政公益诉讼之探讨——从现实和法理的角度考察

现实生活中存在的涉及国家利益和社会公共利益的行政违法案件,迫切需要有一个适格主体代表国家提起行政公益诉讼。原告资格理论不是静止不变的,检察机关代表公益的特性,使其可以成为提起行政公益诉讼的适格主体。检察机关提起行政公益诉讼,国外早已开展。我国亦应明确:检察机关对涉及重大国家利益和社会公共利益的案件,可以原告身份向人民法院提起行政诉讼。