生产与消费关系新探

正确认识生产与消费的关系,增加有效供给,刺激消费需求。     

社会史视野下的陕甘宁边区劳动英雄运动

对劳动英雄的推崇在我国有着悠久的历史传承和重要的现实意义.抗战时期,陕甘宁边区政府在生产中奖励劳动英雄,推动了向劳动英雄学习的生产竞赛运动,对边区生产建设的发展和新的劳动观念的塑造也起到了很大的作用,劳动光荣的道德观念逐渐形成.在此过程中,越来越多的劳动英雄从组织起来的群众中涌现出来,集体英雄主义的价值观在群众中传播....     

监狱生产税收政策研究

监狱生产作为一项公共产品本不涉及纳税问题。然而,我国的监狱生产借助了监狱企业这样的组织形式,并且随着市场经济的发展,现代社会的多元需求将逐渐打破监狱生产国营的垄断地位,不同所有制形式的组织将会介入监狱生产,使监狱生产面临更加复杂的纳税问题。借鉴国外政府对监狱生产的扶持政策,对探讨我国监狱生产税收政策有一定意义。     

液化天然气的开发应用

利用低温将天然气液化,便于运输、储存和冷能利用,是跨洲际、跨海洋运送天然气的主要方式,对调剂世界天然气供应起着重要作用,使供气来源多样化。     

一篇尘封26年的立法建议——对监狱工作方针的早期研究

监狱工作方针历经多次变革,至今日趋完善。然而,任何立法的过程都凝结着科研工作者和立法决策者的心血,有时还要打破种种思想束缚。可以说,立法的日趋完善体现着法制建设的进步和民主进程的发展,也是建设社会主义和谐社会所必需的。     

《资本论》的一个缺憾

未能重视劳动力所有者在资本主义生产方式的历史发展进程中所起的作用,是《资本论》的一大缺憾,真正对资本主义生产方式的形成和发展起主导作用是劳动力所有者而不是资本所有者。     

A response to Steven Feierman’s ‘writing history: flow and blockage in the circulation of knowledge’

ABSTRACT

This paper responds to Steven Feierman’s ‘Writing history: flow and blockage in the circulation of knowledge.’ Feierman has noted that most of the publications produced in Tanzania, and in Africa more generally, do not circulate to America. As a result, American scholars do not have access to such publications. The consequence of this phenomenon is that American scholars have difficulty producing African historical knowledge that is rich in context. While agreeing with Feierman’s thought-provoking intervention, this paper makes three main propositions. First, while acknowledging the problem of knowledge circulation between Africa and America, the paper renders visible an equally serious and disturbing reality: that the circulation of knowledge between African institutions is far more limited than it is between Africa and America or Europe. Many Africans consume knowledge that is largely produced in America and Europe. Secondly, while agreeing with Feierman that many scholars in America have difficulty producing historical knowledge about Africa that is rich in context, the paper argues that it is still possible for historians to produce contextually-rich knowledge. To do so, it is proposed, such historians need to craft locally-based methodological strategies that are sensitive to Africans’ perspectives on their changing cultural and physical world. Finally, while recognising that the limited circulation of knowledge is an important reason for some American scholars to produce historical knowledge about Africa which is rich in context, the paper offers four additional explanations on this problem, namely the failure of some scholars to conduct sustained primary field research in Africa; lack of personal sacrifice, a proper attitude and commitment to do long-term research in Africa; the tendency of some scholars from America to make no effort to find works produced in African institutions of higher learning when they visit Africa; and the growing over-reliance on digitised sources of information for producing histories, sources which can hardly capture such things as emotions, feelings, thoughts, silences, or cosmologies that are inevitable in the production of contextually-rich historical knowledge.     

Life itself under contract: rent-seeking and biopolitical devolution through partnerships in California’s strawberry industry

Following the legal demise of sharecropping in California’s strawberry industry, shippers and other intermediaries began to forge contractual ‘partnerships’ with former farmworkers and ranch managers, providing financing and market access, while giving these new growers responsibility for hiring labor and paying other expenses. Within an array of contracting arrangements, these operate in the worst of all worlds with many expenses returning to the shipper and little possibility of upside reward. Yet these arrangements are touted in the name of helping former farmworkers become farmers. Building on the literature on contract farming, this contribution discusses the ability to obtain rents as an under-recognized advantage of contracts for shippers, which further compromises the livelihoods of growers, especially those in ‘partnership’ arrangements who are particularly squeezed. This paper then suggests a further advantage to shippers: the ability to devolve biopolitical responsibility to growers. Growers are put in the impossible position of having to produce healthy berries at low cost while protecting human health through enhanced fumigant regulation. Partner-growers who tend to farm in poor ecological conditions are in the worst position to meet these competing imperatives. Shippers, however, are able to take the high road by claiming to move beyond pesticides.     

中、日、韩潜在产出的估计与比较分析

利用生产函数方法对中、日、韩三国的潜在产出进行估计,并以潜在产出为基础对三国的经济进行比较分析,其研究结果表明,从人均实际产出和潜在产出水平看,中国与日本和韩国的差距较大,并且日本整体水平最高,韩国增长最快;三国的产出缺口变动与景气波动基本一致,中国的一致效果相对较差,韩国的一致效果相对较好;从三国各要素对潜在经济增长的贡献来看,三国资本和劳动的贡献率均呈下降趋势,中国和韩国的TFP贡献率呈上升趋势,而日本的TFP贡献率呈下降趋势。