What work makes policy?

The mainstream policy literature identifies a number of activities as part of ‘policy-making’: ‘policy analysis’, ‘policy advice’, ‘decision-making’, and perhaps also ‘implementation’ and ‘evaluation’. Describing policy in these terms is compatible with the Western cultural account, and these terms tend to be applied to positions, organisational segments and official procedures. But policy practitioners tend to find that on the one hand, their experience of their work bears little resemblance to the assumptions in this policy-making model, and on the other, that policy outcomes seem to reflect much broader processes than the work of specialist functionaries. On closer examination, we find that our thinking about policy activity draws on several distinct and potentially conflicting perspectives, and that what is seen as ‘policy work’ depends on the conceptualisation of the policy process. Framing the question in this way helps to understand the apparent differences between mainstream (American) accounts of policy activity and policy practice in other political systems.     

Sharing natural resource management responsibility: Examining the New Zealand rock lobster co-management experience

Co-management, in which government and resource users share responsibility for managing a natural resource, is attracting considerable attention in both public policy and common pool resource research. However, little is understood about how this approach arises in a mature regulatory setting, or about its strengths and weaknesses. This study uses the experience of the New Zealand rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii and Sagmariasus verreauxi) industry to illustrate what co-management is and how it develops. This is followed by an assessment of co-management in this regime. Development of co-management is an evolutionary process that requires commitment from both government and industry. Strengthened property rights and management expertise provide the incentives and tools to develop a robust co-management regime. However the characteristics of the property rights bundle must be carefully matched to the regime’s biological, social, and regulatory setting.     

英国公用事业民营化改革及其对我国的启示

国内外环境变化对英国国有公用事业的现状提出了严峻的挑战,于是,在保守党的带领下掀起了民营化的浪潮。出售国有资产、放松政府管制和特许投标是英国公用事业民营化的主要措施。英国公用事业民营化改革的成功给了我们如下的启示:转变观念是前提、有效竞争是关键、健全的法律制度是保障,另外要强化社会监督,同时,不可忽视民营化过程中的安全问题。     

公务员考核应以机关目标成效考评为依托

我国的公务员考核存在着指标体系缺乏针对性,平时考核的基础性作用没有得到应有的体现,考核中领导责任没有完全落实,以及考核结果难以兑现等问题。为此,应开展机关目标管理绩效考评,把抓机关管理与抓公务员队伍建设紧密结合起来,建立权威制约的领导机制,健全目标明确的责任机制,强化督查考核的监督机制,完善奖惩兑现的激励机制,真正做到督事、评绩、考人、奖惩“四位一体”,切实发挥考核工作的激励作用。     

我国公务员考核制度存在的问题及对策

《中华人民共和国公务员法》中公务员的考核制度存在诸多问题:比如考核标准过于笼统;没有解决考核内容,缺乏针对性;激励不显著;考核打乱了组织中的权责配置关系等。只有加强平时考核的力度,建立以绩效为核心的定期考核指标体系,加强考核工作的监督,公务员考核制度才可能得到进一步完善。     

简论民营资本参与农村公共消防——对一支民营消防队经营困境的思考

民营资本参与公共消防,是社会进步的必然趋势。它打破了公有部门垄断公共服务的现状,对缓解财政压力,有效利用民间资本等方面作用日益明显。但就目前而言,政府公共部门与民营资本和公共服务对象之间关系不明确、政府监管缺位和社会对民营资本参与公共消防认识尚不到位是目前民营资本发展过程中的最大障碍。解决这些问题的根本是要在合理规划、科学界定相关利益方的关系的基础上,建立一套权责明确、科学有效的运行机制。     

广西大中型工业企业核心竞争力发展状况评析

在竞争日益激烈的今天,提高企业的核心竞争力是企业取得长远竞争优势的重要途径,通过对广西大中型工业企业核心竞争力发展状况分析,充分认识广西大中型工业企业核心竞争力的现状,并运用有效的策略培育、提升其核心竞争力,这对促进广西经济又快又好发展具有十分重要的意义。     

公安行政处罚的法律问题述评

从公安行政处罚的法律规定出发,结合执法质量考评工作中发现的问题,揭示和分析公安行政处罚中程序和实体方面常见的法律问题,提出了完善公安行政处罚工作的对策建议。     

浅议治安管理处罚的程序适用

在治安管理处罚程序上,《公安机关办理行政案件程序规定》与《治安管理处罚法》存在一些不一致甚至是相冲突的地方,如回避、送达、简易程序、调查和暂缓执行拘留等。在执法实践中,公安机关及其人民警察应当遵循后者的有关规定。同时公安部应尽快对前者加以修订。     

非公有制经济发展与海峡西岸经济区建设

非公有制经济是建设海峡西岸经济区发展战略的生力军。当务之急要认真贯彻国务院关于鼓励支持和引导非公有制经济发展的政策,结合福建非公有制经济和对台优势,对内进一步放开,从立法、政策和制度上给非公有制经济的快速发展创造一个更加宽松、公平的环境,同时,进一步推动闽台区域经济合作,充分发挥非公有制经济在建设海峡西岸经济区过程中的重要作用。