Re-animating a radioactive landscape: informal life politics in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear disaster

The earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident of 11 March 2011 posed massive and continuing social challenges to communities in the affected areas. People from wide areas around the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear plant received vastly conflicting information about the levels of radiation released and about the likely health effects. They were left facing agonising decisions whether to remain and face possible (but uncertain) long-term health risks, or whether to move away, leaving behind homes, friends, jobs, schools and communities. Focusing on the case of the small farming community of Tōwa in Nihonmatsu City, this article examines self-help activities that have emerged in the affected areas in the wake of 3/11. The activities have included community monitoring of radiation levels and collaborative research with academic scientists to explore ways to reduce radioactive contamination in forests, farm soil and crops. The self-help activities of Tōwa residents can be seen as an example of “informal life politics” – that is, of the way in which grassroots groups respond to challenges to their livelihood or way of life by organising themselves and taking actions outside the sphere of formal governmental structures. It is argued here that the residents of Tōwa were able to respond rapidly to the challenges of the Fukushima disaster because they had already developed informal life politics practices in response to earlier challenges of local economic decline and depopulation. I also suggest that, in responding to the Fukushima disaster, the relationship between the people of Tōwa and their landscape has been profoundly changed, and that this change has implications not just for the community itself but also for the wider world.     

《南柯记》的情节结构与思想表达

《南柯记》将李公佐《南柯太守传》这篇情节离奇的小说改造成为佛教度脱剧,是汤显祖杰出的艺术创造。契玄禅师主动引领,淳于棼被动随缘,整体上呈现出一个度脱剧结构,有情之人与情空成佛是多种戏剧冲突中的主要矛盾,深刻体现了"梦了为觉,情了为佛"的创作主旨。在槐安国这一艺术世界中,真幻相生的总体特征与具体生动的生活细节紧密融合,虚幻剧情创作中始终蕴含着作者的真切感受、现实情怀和理想追求。剧情结构的特点是以插入的副线扭转主线发展方向,剧情设置的特点是迅捷灵动,剧情转换的特点是"突转",以此呈现出"倏来而去"的特定梦幻效果。比较《邯郸记》,长于叙事而稍逊抒情,剧情结构也有头重脚轻、稍欠严密之嫌。     

城市社会风险规避视域下的社区作用机制探索

在人类城市化进程中，风险无处不在并正成为基本的社会特征。城市社会风险主表现为由城市贫富差距拉大、城市流动人口、环境污染、特殊人群等引发的社会风险。社区是城市生活的基本单元，其在城市社会风险规避中的有效作用还没有得到很好的发挥。为此，完善社区在城市社会风险规避中的作用机制非常必，需完善社区资源整合机制、社区沟通和利益表达机制、社区社会风险评估和预警机制、社区对于特殊人群的支持机制、社区风险教育机制。     

THE VICTIMIZATION–TERMINATION LINK*

The life histories of drug dealers suggest that victimizations sometimes mark turning points toward the end of criminal careers, which is a criminologically important but neglected empirical connection that we label the “victimization–termination link.” We theorize this link thusly: When serious victimizations occur in the context of crime, a break from the customary provides an opportune situation for adaptation, and when victims have social bonds and agency, when they define the event as the result of their own criminal involvement, and when they find other adaptations unattractive, criminal‐victims are likely to adapt by terminating crime. We illustrate this desistance process with qualitative data obtained through interviews with young, middle‐class drug dealers. We conclude by exploring promising avenues for future work. It takes only a minute to change one's whole life course.     

阐释:在制度与理念之间——关于物权行为合理性的若干思考

理论是沟通制度与理念的桥梁。物权行为理论乃是基于登记的限度理念,对现有的登记生效主义模式所做的有利于私法自治的一种理论阐述。登记限度的理念要求尽可能地降低成本、避免错误、尊重自由,为此,登记生效主义确立了物权变动时双方共同申请的原则,并且使双方申请时达成的合意成为登记效力的来源,从而与申请前的债权合同相区别,成为物权行为。尽管登记同意和公证制度的出现极大地替代了双方申请原则,但登记同意和公证替代的不彻底,反而更突出了物权行为理论阐释的合理性。     

大学生生命教育研究——对广州地区大学生的调查

改革开放的社会环境和偏重知识传授的教育体制使部分大学生缺乏人文关怀、价值关怀和意义关怀。高校必须树立生命关怀的意识,对大学生进行生命意识教育、生活挫折教育、生存能力及生命价值教育,深化生命教育理念,使其树立积极、健康、正确的生命观,珍惜生命、尊重生命,懂得生命的价值和意义。     

《物权法》实施对船舶物权立法的影响

《物权法》实施后,其一般规定对船舶物权有适用的余地,但《物权法》对船舶物权采用不同于一般财产的变动模式,导致船舶物权在直接适用《物权法》时将产生制度上的冲突,对此,需要通过修改《海商法》和《船舶登记条例》,另行进行制度上的配置。     

FAMILIES,COURTS, AND THE END OF LIFE: SCHIAVO AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FAMILY JUSTICE SYSTEM

The article discusses a proposed universal adoption of comprehensive family law subject matter jurisdiction, inclusive of end‐of‐life (EOL) cases, as articulated in the unified family court (UFC) concept. It posits, using the Schiavo matter to illustrate the difficulties inherent in EOL disputes, that contested EOL cases are unlike other civil court cases in that they involve intimate facts and emotionally laden family dynamics. As such, these cases pose a distinctive challenge for the courts. The article suggests that contested EOL cases should be heard in a UFC because UFCs include alternative dispute resolution (ADR) protocols to deescalate family strife with the goal of facilitating out‐of‐court settlements and that litigation is an imperfect solution for an EOL dispute. It is also noted that judges presiding in UFCs are more experienced in handling fractious family matters and thus they are more likely to avert protracted litigation if the matter is not settled via ADR.     

LIFE SPAN OFFENDING TRAJECTORIES OF A DUTCH CONVICTION COHORT*

The aim of this paper is to describe the development of criminal behavior from early adolescence to late adulthood based on conviction data for a sample of Dutch offenders. Measuring over an age span of 12 to 72, we ask whether there is evidence for (1) criminal trajectories that are distinct in terms of time path, (2) a small group of persistent offenders, (3) criminal trajectories that are distinct in the mix of crimes committed, or, more specifically, persistent offenders disproportionately engaging in violent offences, and (4) different offender groups having different social profiles in life domains other than crime. The analysis is based on the conviction histories of the Dutch offenders in the Criminal Career and Life Course Study. Four trajectory groups were identified using a semi‐parametric, group‐based model: sporadic offenders, low‐rate desisters, moderate‐rate desisters and high‐rate persisters. Analyses show that high‐rate persisters engage in crime at a very substantial rate, even after age 50. Compared to other trajectory groups the high‐rate persistent trajectory group disproportionately engages in property crimes rather than violent crimes. Also, these distinct trajectories are found to be remarkably similar across age cohorts.     

地方色彩·魔幻色彩·真实画面--评威廉·肯尼迪的代表作《流浪汉》

《流浪汉》是威廉·肯尼迪的代表作,该书于1985年出版,获1984年的普利策奖和全国书评界奖。这部小说拥有极浓厚的地方色彩,带有魔幻色彩的描述,展现了当代美国社会的真实画面。