简论我国区际私法中的间接管辖权问题

间接管辖权,是国际私法中判决的承认与执行时最为常用的审查标准之一.间接管辖权实质是一国法院在承认与执行外国法院的判决之时.用以判断外国法院的管辖权是否适当的一种程序性规则.区际私法也涉及判决的承认与执行问题.因此考察区际私法中的间接管辖权对于区际判决的承认与执行同样意义重大,特别是在我国目前甚为复杂的区际法律冲突情形之下.考察我国现有的区际安排实践,采取多边区际安排形式来规定我国的区际间接管辖权问题较为理想.     

论制裁在法律概念中的地位演变

我国现行制裁理念重强制，忽视认同，容易引起社会对立，也不利于法律的执行。奥斯丁和凯尔森主张法律的强制性，哈特却主张把制裁排除在法律概念之外，否定法律的强制性，强调法律的认同性。法律制裁则经历了作为法律概念重要组成部分到被排除法律概念之外的演变过程，这个演变过程体现了人们对制裁在法律概念中地位的深化认识。文章认为强制与认同都是法律概念的两个基本要素，吸纳认同性将促进我国法律制裁理念的更新。     

Disability and support relationships: What role does policy play?

Very little is known about how relationships between people with disabilities and their paid support workers are positioned in policy. With the policy shift toward choice of provider, individualised approaches, person centredness and self‐directed funding, the nature of their relationship assumes a more prominent role in the quality of support practice. The policy analysis in this article explores the extent to which current disability policy acknowledges, promotes, or diminishes the relationships between people with disabilities and workers, in their organisational context. It uses Honneth's conditions for recognition—love (cared for), rights (respected) and solidarity or social esteem (valued)—to understand how policy positions mutuality in the relationship. The policy review applied a three‐stage process: categorisation of policies, textual analysis and content analysis to policy documents at four levels—international, Australian federal, state and organisational in two case studies. The analysis revealed that while a rights framework is explicit in most policies, the emphases on the conditions for recognition within a relationship between people with disabilities and workers are compromised in instructional policies that attempt to manage the tension between choice and risk, particularly at the organisational level.     

On claims of culture and duties of recognition in democratic states

One important way in which individuals and groups express their ideas and principles, and present their proposals and demands, is in the language of identity or difference. They argue that what they value and what they deserve are related to their distinctive identities. Working within the framework of a political theory of recognition, I argue in this article that particular cultural communities may have reasonable expectations that their distinctive identities receive public recognition, and that others may therefore have good reasons to give those identities such recognition. To be specific, I contend that there are distinct and complementary ways in which the state and its citizens should respond to identity-related demands for public recognition. Using terms introduced by Axel Honneth, I argue that the state should give ‘public attention’ to some cultural communities, and that citizens should show one another ‘well-meaning attention’. I conclude that both these forms of attention can be justified by reference to a new, fourth principle of recognition, so long as this is understood as a principle of political inclusion rather than one of cultural recognition.     

利用长时平均FFT功率谱进行话者识别

长时平均FFT(fast fourier transform)功率谱是利用快速傅立叶变换FFT方法算出的每帧的短时频谱的长时平均。FFT功率谱中可以直观反映出基音周期以及各谐波能量、频率、形态和它们相互的组合关系,同时能反映出谐波能量较高的尖峰所对应的声道共振峰。根据本实验,对元音提取长时平均FFT图谱进行图谱形态比对和重叠比对,是话者识别的有效方法。     

人像识别技术的公安行业信息整合系统

人像识别系统以人脸信息为基础,网上比对进行身份确认,具有直观、高效、准确、方便等特点,将填补目前公安管理工作中的盲点,实现对常住人口、暂住人口、重点人口、在押人员、进出境人员等信息网络化、实时化管理,为公安系统工作提供高科技手段。     

Improving automatic face recognition with user interaction

Face recognition systems aim to recognize the identity of a person depicted in a photograph by comparing it against a gallery of prerecorded images. Current systems perform quite well in controlled scenarios, but they allow for none or little interaction in case of mistakes due to the low quality of images or to algorithmic limitations. Following the needs and suggestions of investigators, we present a guided user interface that allows to adjust from a fully automatic to a fully assisted modality of execution, according to the difficulty of the task and to amount of available information (gender, age, etc.): the user can generally rely on automatic execution and intervene only on a limited number of examples when a failure is automatically detected or when the quality of intermediate results is deemed unsatisfactory. The interface runs on top of a preexistent automatic face recognition algorithm in such a way to guarantee full control over the execution flow and to exploit the peculiarities of the underlying image processing techniques. The viability of the proposed solution is tested on a classic face identification task run on a standard publicly available database (the XM2VTS), assessing the improvement to user interaction over the automatic system performance.     

Public Discourse of (De)legitimation: The Case of South Estonian Language

This paper focuses on two different argumentative strategies for dealing with a regional variety of Estonian, one of which may discourage the use of South Estonian in favor of Estonian, while another legitimates the lesser-used regional variety. These argumentative strategies are studied by critical discourse analysis (CDA) of six articles in Estonian language newspapers and magazines published in 2004–2005. The use of South Estonian is discouraged by presenting real or imagined threats that it will undermine Estonian. This discourse also parallels the Estonian-Russian majority-minority discourse of recent years by employing zero-sum arguments of the Estonian language losing to Russian as a consequence of the recognition of South Estonian. Language ideologies, which also construct some varieties worthier than others, re-enforce an essentialist representation of separate languages. This representation will work toward suppressing linguistic variation.     

特窄频率录音的话者鉴别研究

本文对18对双胞胎正常朗读语音2000Hz以下这一特窄频率范围的共振峰频率特性进行了定量测量、比较、分析，统计得出了该频率范围内利用共振峰频率特性进行说话人识别的可行性及百分比判域。     

两岸民事判决的认可与执行问题研究

目前两岸互相认可与执行民事判决的规定仍有诸多分歧与差异，表现在对民事确定裁判的概念与内容、国际管辖权、保障法定听审以及两岸法院认可判决的程序和效力等问题之上。本文认为，人民法院的确定判决应有既判力，人民法院作成的调解书应属“民事确定裁判”的指涉范围。解决这些问题的最佳方式，系两岸就民事判决的相互认可与执行签署共同协议。